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Ono E, Lenief V, Lefevre MA, Cuzin R, Guironnet-Paquet A, Mosnier A, Nosbaum A, Nicolas JF, Vocanson M. Topical corticosteroids inhibit allergic skin inflammation but are ineffective in impeding the formation and expansion of resident memory T cells. Allergy 2024; 79:52-64. [PMID: 37539746 DOI: 10.1111/all.15819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue-resident memory T (TRM ) cells are detrimental in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), in which they contribute to the chronicity and severity of the disease. METHODS We assessed the impact of a standard topical corticosteroid (TCS) treatment, triamcinolone acetonide (TA), on the formation, maintenance and reactivation of epidermal TRM cells in a preclinical model of ACD to 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene. TA 0.01% was applied at different time points of ACD response and we monitored skin inflammation and tracked CD8+ CD69+ CD103+ TRM by flow cytometry and RNA sequencing. RESULTS The impact of TA on TRM formation depended on treatment regimen: (i) in a preventive mode, that is, in sensitized mice before challenge, TA transiently inhibited the infiltration of effector T cells and the accumulation of TRM upon hapten challenge. In contrast, (ii) in a curative mode, that is, at the peak of the ACD response, TA blocked skin inflammation but failed to prevent the formation of TRM . Finally, (iii) in a proactive mode, that is, on previous eczema lesions, TA had no effect on the survival of skin TRM , but transiently inhibited their reactivation program upon allergen reexposure. Indeed, specific TRM progressively regained proliferative functions upon TA discontinuation and expanded in the tissue, leading to exaggerated iterative responses. Interestingly, TRM re-expansion correlated with the decreased clearance of hapten moieties from the skin induced by repeated TA applications. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that TCS successfully treat ACD inflammation, but are mostly ineffective in impeding the formation and expansion of allergen-specific TRM , which certainly restricts the induction of lasting tolerance in patients with chronic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Ono
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Vanina Lenief
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Marine-Alexia Lefevre
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Roxane Cuzin
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Aurélie Guironnet-Paquet
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, Apheresis Unit, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Amandine Mosnier
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Nosbaum
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology Department, Lyon Sud University Hospital, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Jean-Francois Nicolas
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
- Allergology and Clinical Immunology Department, Lyon Sud University Hospital, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Marc Vocanson
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon, France
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2
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Laoubi L, Lacoffrette M, Valsesia S, Lenief V, Guironnet-Paquet A, Mosnier A, Dubois G, Cartier A, Monti L, Marvel J, Espinosa E, Malissen B, Henri S, Mondoulet L, Sampson HA, Nosbaum A, Nicolas JF, Dioszeghy V, Vocanson M. Epicutaneous allergen immunotherapy induces a profound and selective modulation in skin dendritic cell subsets. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:1194-1208. [PMID: 35779666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) protocols have recently been developed to restore tolerance in patients with food allergy (FA). The mechanisms by which EPIT protocols promote desensitization rely on a profound immune deviation of pathogenic T and B cell responses. OBJECTIVE To date, little is known about the contribution of skin dendritic cells (skDCs) to T cell remodeling and EPIT efficacy. METHODS We capitalized on a preclinical model of food allergy to ovalbumin (OVA) to characterize the phenotype and functions of OVA+ skDCs throughout the course of EPIT. RESULTS Our results showed that both Langerhans cells (LCs) and dermal conventional cDC1 and cDC2 subsets retained their ability to capture OVA in the skin and to migrate toward the skin-draining lymph nodes during EPIT. However, their activation/maturation status was significantly impaired, as evidenced by the gradual and selective reduction of CD86, CD40, and OVA protein expression in respective subsets. Phenotypic changes during EPIT were also characterized by a progressive diversification of single cell gene signatures within each DC subset. Interestingly, we observed that OVA+ LCs progressively lost their capacity to prime CD4+ TEFF, but gained TREG stimulatory properties. In contrast, cDC1 were inefficient in priming CD4+ TEFF or in reactivating TMEMin vitro, while cDC2 retained moderate stimulatory properties, and progressively biased type-2 immunity toward type-1 and type-17 responses. CONCLUSIONS Our results therefore emphasize that the acquisition of distinct phenotypic and functional specializations by skDCs during EPIT is at the cornerstone of the desensitization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léo Laoubi
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France; DBV Technologies, Montrouge, France
| | - Morgane Lacoffrette
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Séverine Valsesia
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Vanina Lenief
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Aurélie Guironnet-Paquet
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Amandine Mosnier
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Gwendoline Dubois
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Anna Cartier
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Laurine Monti
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Jacqueline Marvel
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Eric Espinosa
- Inserm, U1037, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse F-31037, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, F-31062, France
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Henri
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, 13288 Marseille, France
| | | | - Hugh A Sampson
- DBV Technologies, Montrouge, France; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Audrey Nosbaum
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France; Allergology and Clinical Immunology Department, Lyon Sud University Hospital, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Jean-François Nicolas
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France; Allergology and Clinical Immunology Department, Lyon Sud University Hospital, Pierre Bénite, France
| | | | - Marc Vocanson
- CIRI-Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie; INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université de Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR 5308, Lyon, France.
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3
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Ono E, Lenief V, Guironnet-Paquet A, Nosbaum A, Nicolas J, Vocanson M. 192 Impact of topical corticosteroids on the formation and expansion of skin resident memory T cells in allergic contact dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.08.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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4
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Hequet O, Nosbaum A, Guironnet-Paquet A, Blasco E, Nicolas-Virelizier E, Griffith TS, Rigal D, Cognasse F, Nicolas JF, Vocanson M. CD8 + T cells mediate ultraviolet A-induced immunomodulation in a model of extracorporeal photochemotherapy. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:725-735. [PMID: 32012249 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracorporeal photochemotherapy (ECP) that takes advantage of the immunomodulatory effects of UV light has been extensively used for many years for the treatment of several T cell-mediated diseases, including graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and systemic scleroderma. Immune mechanisms that lead to the establishment of T cell tolerance in ECP-treated patients remain poorly known. In this study, we have tested the effect of UV/psoralen-treated BM-derived dendritic cells, referred to as ECP-BMDCs on the outcome of an antigen-specific T cell-mediated reaction, that is, contact hypersensitivity (CHS), which is mediated by CD8+ effector T cells (CD8+ Teff ). The intravenous (i.v.) injection of antigen-pulsed ECP-BMDCs in recipient C57BL/6 mice induced specific CD8+ T cells endowed with immunomodulatory properties (referred to as CD8+ TECP ), which prevented the priming of CD8+ Teff and the development of CHS, independently of conventional CD4+ regulatory T cells. CD8+ TECP mediated tolerance by inhibiting the migration and functions of skin DC and subsequently the priming of CD8+ Teff . CD8+ TECP displayed none of the phenotypes of the usual CD8+ T regulatory cells described so far. Our results reveal an underestimated participation of CD8+ T cells to ECP-induced immunomodulation that could explain the therapeutic effects of ECP in T cell-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Hequet
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team « Immunology of Skin Allergy and Vaccination », Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon University, F-69007, Lyon, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, Apheresis Unit, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, Scientific Departements, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Audrey Nosbaum
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team « Immunology of Skin Allergy and Vaccination », Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon University, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Aurélie Guironnet-Paquet
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team « Immunology of Skin Allergy and Vaccination », Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon University, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabeth Blasco
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team « Immunology of Skin Allergy and Vaccination », Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon University, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Nicolas-Virelizier
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team « Immunology of Skin Allergy and Vaccination », Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon University, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas S Griffith
- Department of Urology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dominique Rigal
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, Scientific Departements, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Fabrice Cognasse
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, Scientific Departements, Saint-Etienne, France.,GIMAP-EA 3064, Lyon University, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Jean-François Nicolas
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team « Immunology of Skin Allergy and Vaccination », Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon University, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Marc Vocanson
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team « Immunology of Skin Allergy and Vaccination », Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon University, F-69007, Lyon, France
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5
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Hequet O, Poutrel S, Connes P, Revesz D, Chelghoum Y, Kebaili K, Cannas G, Gauthier A, Guironnet-Paquet A, Vocanson M, Nicolas JF, Renoux C, Raba M, Cognasse F, Bertrand Y, Hot A, Joly P. Automatic depletion with Spectra Optia allows a safe 16% reduction of red blood cell pack consumption in exchanged sickle cell anemia patients. Transfusion 2019; 59:1692-1697. [PMID: 30747440 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic red blood cell exchanges (RBCXs) are frequently used to prevent complications in patients with sickle cell anemia, but the scarcity of matched red blood cell packs (RBCPs) is a serious concern. The main goal of this study was to compare the number of RBCPs used during RBCXs between the Spectra Optia (SO) device (with the automatic depletion step) and the former Cobe Spectra (CSP) device. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The performances and safety of 300 SO sessions using the automatic depletion step (SO/DE) in 50 patients with sickle cell anemia under a chronic transfusion program over a 1-year period were prospectively analyzed. The numbers of RBCPs saved using this protocol compared to the SO device without depletion and to the CSP device were determined. RESULTS The SO/DE protocol appeared to be safe, as only 5% and 17% of the sessions were characterized by a significant decrease in blood pressure and increase in heart rate (grade 2 adverse events), respectively. Postapheresis hematocrit and fraction of cells remaining reached expected values. The SO/DE protocol required 16% fewer RBCPs compared to SO without depletion, allowing a mean saving of 12 RBCPs per patient and per year and 13% fewer compared to CSP device. Interestingly, the saving was more important for patients with high total blood volume and/or high preapheresis hematocrit. CONCLUSION The SO/DE protocol is an efficient, safe and cost-effective procedure for patients with sickle cell anemia under a chronic transfusion program.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Hequet
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Apheresis unit, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud Pierre Bénite, France.,Scientific Department, Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France.,Laboratory of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, CIRI, Lyon, France
| | - S Poutrel
- Centre de référence constitutif des syndromes drépanocytaires majeurs, des thalassémies et des autres maladies de l'érythropoïèse, Service de Médecine interne, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - P Connes
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Equipe "Biologie vasculaire et du globule rouge", Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, COMUE Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence sur le globule rouge (Labex GR-Ex), Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - D Revesz
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Apheresis unit, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Y Chelghoum
- Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Apheresis unit, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud Pierre Bénite, France
| | - K Kebaili
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pediatric Hematology, Institut d'Hematologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France
| | - G Cannas
- Centre de référence constitutif des syndromes drépanocytaires majeurs, des thalassémies et des autres maladies de l'érythropoïèse, Service de Médecine interne, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - A Gauthier
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pediatric Hematology, Institut d'Hematologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France
| | - A Guironnet-Paquet
- Scientific Department, Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France.,Laboratory of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, CIRI, Lyon, France
| | - M Vocanson
- Laboratory of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, CIRI, Lyon, France
| | - J F Nicolas
- Laboratory of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, CIRI, Lyon, France
| | - C Renoux
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Equipe "Biologie vasculaire et du globule rouge", Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, COMUE Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence sur le globule rouge (Labex GR-Ex), Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire Grand Est, Groupement hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - M Raba
- Etablissement Français du Sang Rhône Alpes, Distribution unit, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - F Cognasse
- Scientific Department, Établissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France.,EA3064-GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Y Bertrand
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pediatric Hematology, Institut d'Hematologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France
| | - A Hot
- Centre de référence constitutif des syndromes drépanocytaires majeurs, des thalassémies et des autres maladies de l'érythropoïèse, Service de Médecine interne, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - P Joly
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Equipe "Biologie vasculaire et du globule rouge", Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, COMUE Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence sur le globule rouge (Labex GR-Ex), Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire Grand Est, Groupement hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
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6
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Scholtes C, Ramière C, Rainteau D, Perrin-Cocon L, Wolf C, Humbert L, Carreras M, Guironnet-Paquet A, Zoulim F, Bartenschlager R, Lotteau V, André P, Diaz O. High plasma level of nucleocapsid-free envelope glycoprotein-positive lipoproteins in hepatitis C patients. Hepatology 2012; 56:39-48. [PMID: 22290760 DOI: 10.1002/hep.25628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatitis C virus (HCV) particles associate viral and lipoprotein moieties to form hybrid lipoviral particles (LVPs). Cell culture-produced HCV (HCVcc) and ex vivo-characterized LVPs primarily differ by their apolipoprotein (apo) B content, which is low for HCVcc, but high for LVPs. Recombinant nucleocapsid-free subviral LVPs are assembled and secreted by apoB-producing cell lines. To determine whether such subviral particles circulate in HCV-infected individuals, LVPs complexed with immunoglobulin were precipitated with protein A from low-density plasma fractions of 36 hepatitis C patients, and their lipid content, apolipoprotein profile, and viral composition were determined. HCV RNA in LVPs was quantified and molar ratios of apoB and HCV genome copy number were calculated. LVPs lipidome from four patients was determined via electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry. Protein A-purified LVPs contained at least the envelope glycoprotein E2 and E2-specific antibodies. LVPs were present in every patient and were characterized by high lipid content, presence of apolipoproteins characteristic of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), HCV RNA, and viral glycoprotein. Importantly, save for four patients, LVPs fractions contained large amounts of apoB, with on average more than 1 × 10(6) apoB molecules per HCV RNA genome. Because there is one apoB molecule per TRL, this ratio suggested that most LVPs are nucleocapsid-free, envelope glycoprotein-containing subviral particles. LVPs and TRLs had similar composition of triacylglycerol and phospholipid classes. CONCLUSION LVPs are a mixed population of particles, comprising predominantly subviral particles that represent a distinct class of modified lipoproteins within the TRL family.
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Pellet J, Tafforeau L, Lucas-Hourani M, Navratil V, Meyniel L, Achaz G, Guironnet-Paquet A, Aublin-Gex A, Caignard G, Cassonnet P, Chaboud A, Chantier T, Deloire A, Demeret C, Le Breton M, Neveu G, Jacotot L, Vaglio P, Delmotte S, Gautier C, Combet C, Deleage G, Favre M, Tangy F, Jacob Y, Andre P, Lotteau V, Rabourdin-Combe C, Vidalain PO. ViralORFeome: an integrated database to generate a versatile collection of viral ORFs. Nucleic Acids Res 2009; 38:D371-8. [PMID: 20007148 PMCID: PMC2808970 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkp1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Large collections of protein-encoding open reading frames (ORFs) established in a versatile recombination-based cloning system have been instrumental to study protein functions in high-throughput assays. Such ‘ORFeome’ resources have been developed for several organisms but in virology, plasmid collections covering a significant fraction of the virosphere are still needed. In this perspective, we present ViralORFeome 1.0 (http://www.viralorfeome.com), an open-access database and management system that provides an integrated set of bioinformatic tools to clone viral ORFs in the Gateway® system. ViralORFeome provides a convenient interface to navigate through virus genome sequences, to design ORF-specific cloning primers, to validate the sequence of generated constructs and to browse established collections of virus ORFs. Most importantly, ViralORFeome has been designed to manage all possible variants or mutants of a given ORF so that the cloning procedure can be applied to any emerging virus strain. A subset of plasmid constructs generated with ViralORFeome platform has been tested with success for heterologous protein expression in different expression systems at proteome scale. ViralORFeome should provide our community with a framework to establish a large collection of virus ORF clones, an instrumental resource to determine functions, activities and binding partners of viral proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pellet
- INSERM U851, Lyon, IFR128-BioSciences, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Perrin-Cocon L, Agaugué S, Diaz O, Vanbervliet B, Dollet S, Guironnet-Paquet A, André P, Lotteau V. Th1 disabled function in response to TLR4 stimulation of monocyte-derived DC from patients chronically-infected by hepatitis C virus. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2260. [PMID: 18509450 PMCID: PMC2377338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2007] [Accepted: 04/17/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lack of protective antibodies and inefficient cytotoxic responses are characteristics of chronic hepatitis C infection. A defect in dendritic cell (DC) function has thus been suspected, but this remains a controversial issue. Methods and Findings Here we show that monocyte-derived DC (MoDC) from chronically-infected patients can mature in response to TLR1/2, TLR2/6 or TLR3 ligands. In contrast, when stimulated with the TLR4 ligand LPS, MoDC from patients show a profound defect in inducing IFNγ secretion by allogeneic T cells. This defect is not due to defective phenotypic maturation or to the presence of HCV-RNA in DC or monocytes but is correlated to reduced IL-12 secretion by DC. Restoration of DC ability to stimulate IFNγ secretion can be obtained by blocking MEK activation in DC, indicating that MEK/ERK pathway is involved in the Th1 defect of MoDC. Monocytes from HCV patients present increased spontaneous secretion of cytokines and chemokines, especially MIP-1β. Addition of MIP-1β on healthy monocytes during differentiation results in DC that have Th1 defect characteristic of MoDC from HCV patients, suggesting that MIP-1β secretion by HCV monocytes participates in the Th1 defect of DC. Conclusions Our data indicate that monocytes from HCV patients are activated in vivo. This interferes with their differentiation into DC, leading to deficient TLR4 signaling in these cells that are enable to induce a Th1 response. This specific defect is linked to the activation of the MEK/ERK pathway.
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Perrin-Cocon L, Agaugué S, Coutant F, Saint-Mézard P, Guironnet-Paquet A, Nicolas JF, André P, Lotteau V. Lysophosphatidylcholine is a natural adjuvant that initiates cellular immune responses. Vaccine 2005; 24:1254-63. [PMID: 16229929 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2005] [Accepted: 09/19/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of new adjuvants that can stimulate the immune response to protein antigens is a major issue for the development of subunit vaccines. Lipoprotein oxidation occurring during the acute phase response (APR) to aggression of the organism, provides signals of danger that are detected by dendritic cells (DC). Among other instructive molecules generated during the APR, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) promotes mature DC generation from differentiating human monocytes in vitro. It is shown here that LPC also controls the initiation of an adaptive immune response in vivo. LPC displays adjuvant properties when injected to mice in mixture with various antigens. Immunizations with LPC induced the production of antigen-specific antibodies with an efficiency similar to Alum, the reference adjuvant for human vaccination. Importantly, LPC also induced cytotoxic T cell responses, opening perspectives for vaccine development. Therefore, LPC is a natural adjuvant for the immune system, inducing humoral and cellular immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Perrin-Cocon
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche 128, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U503, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
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