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Russo A, Colina JA, Moy J, Baligod S, Czarnecki AA, Varughese P, Lantvit DD, Dean MJ, Burdette JE. Silencing PTEN in the fallopian tube promotes enrichment of cancer stem cell-like function through loss of PAX2. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:375. [PMID: 33828085 PMCID: PMC8027874 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy that is primarily detected at the metastatic stage. Most HGSOC originates from the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) and metastasizes to the ovary before invading the peritoneum; therefore, it is crucial to study disease initiation and progression using FTE-derived models. We previously demonstrated that loss of PTEN from the FTE leads to ovarian cancer. In the present study, loss of PTEN in FTE led to the enrichment of cancer stem cell markers such as LGR5, WNT4, ALDH1, CD44. Interestingly, loss of the transcription factor PAX2, which is a common and early alteration in HGSOC, played a pivotal role in the expression of cancer stem-like cells (CSC) markers and cell function. In addition, loss of PTEN led to the generation of two distinct subpopulations of cells with different CSC marker expression, tumorigenicity, and chemoresistance profiles. Taken together, these data suggest that loss of PTEN induces reprogramming of the FTE cells into a more stem-like phenotype due to loss of PAX2 and provides a model to study early events during the FTE-driven ovarian cancer tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Russo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
| | - Jose A Colina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Junlone Moy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Seth Baligod
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Austin A Czarnecki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Peter Varughese
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Daniel D Lantvit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Matthew J Dean
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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Russo A, Czarnecki AA, Dean M, Lantvit D, Wei JJ, Burdette JE. Abstract DP-012: STUDYING THE SIGNALING PATHWAYS OF DISTINCT SUBPOPULATIONS OF CELLS GENERATED UPON PTEN DELETION FROM FTE AND IDENTIFICATION OF MARKERS OF EARLY TUMORIGENESIS. Clin Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.ovcasymp18-dp-012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE: High Grade Serous Cancer (HGSOC) Requires Novel Biomarkers for early detection.
Survival rates for HGSOC patients have not substantially improved, over the past decades, mainly because the disease is only detected at the metastatic stage. The findings of early pre-malignant lesions in the fallopian tube, but not in the ovary, suggested that HGSOCs may originate from the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) and metastasize to the ovary. Studying the mechanisms of HGSOC genesis from the correct cell of origin is critical to the early detection of the disease. Our main goal is to determine how genetic and molecular alterations contribute to the early events of HGSOC genesis from FTE. Recent transgenic animal models of FTE-derived HGSOC have pointed out the critical role of loss of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) from FTE in generating HGSOC when in combination with p53 mutation and alteration of BRCA1/2, but not by itself. Our lab was the first to show that deletion of PTEN alone in FTE is sufficient to lead to tumor formation and peritoneal dissemination suggesting that the importance of PTEN in the early events of the tumorigenic cascade may have been underestimated.
Loss of PTEN from FTE is sufficient to drive ovarian cancer, however, the key signaling driving tumorigenesis when PTEN expression is low remain poorly defined and yet pivotal to new treatment options given its common occurrence. Studying the progression of HGSOC genesis from FTE is essential to refining the strategy for targeted therapies and to discovering novel biomarkers for early detection of the disease.
PURPOSE: to identify signaling pathways and drug response of different subpopulations of tumorigenic cells generated upon PTEN deletion.
RESULTS: Loss of PTEN in the FTE upregulates markers of cancer stem cells (CSC) such as WNT4, LGR5, ALDH1, c-Kit, CD44, and Dll4. We also discovered that the CSC markers are confined in a specific subpopulation of cells with increased diameter that we call CSCHigh as compared to a smaller population that we call CSCLow. In fact, when these two populations are separated by flow cytometry based sorting, the CSCHigh retains all the CSC markers. In addition, using a limiting dilution assay, we found that the CSCHigh subpopulation forms tumor at a faster rate in vivo. In addition, CSCHigh forms bigger spheroids and are more resistant to chemotherapeutic agents, suggesting that more targeted therapy may be developed for these stem-like, tumorigenic subpopulations. We also show that loss of PAX2 is mediating the CSCHigh phenotype suggesting that therapies to re-express PAX2 may prevent development of HGSOC.
CONCLUSIONS: Together, these findings provide a novel model to study the mechanism of fallopian tube tumor initiation and invasion to the ovary mediated by loss of PTEN, which may help to define early events of human ovarian carcinogenesis.
Citation Format: Angela Russo, Austin A. Czarnecki, Matthew Dean, Dan Lantvit, Jian-Jun Wei Joanna E. Burdette. STUDYING THE SIGNALING PATHWAYS OF DISTINCT SUBPOPULATIONS OF CELLS GENERATED UPON PTEN DELETION FROM FTE AND IDENTIFICATION OF MARKERS OF EARLY TUMORIGENESIS [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 12th Biennial Ovarian Cancer Research Symposium; Sep 13-15, 2018; Seattle, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2019;25(22 Suppl):Abstract nr DP-012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Russo
- 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL 60607,
| | - Austin A. Czarnecki
- 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL 60607,
| | - Matthew Dean
- 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL 60607,
| | - Dan Lantvit
- 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL 60607,
| | - Jian-Jun Wei
- 2Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago IL 60611
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL 60607,
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Benatrehina PA, Chen WL, Czarnecki AA, Kurina S, Chai HB, Lantvit DD, Ninh TN, Zhang X, Soejarto DD, Burdette JE, Kinghorn AD, Rakotondraibe LH. Bioactivity-Guided Isolation of Totarane-Derived Diterpenes from Podocarpus neriifolius and Structure Revision of 3-Deoxy-2α-hydroxynagilactone E. Nat Prod Bioprospect 2019; 9:157-163. [PMID: 30783922 PMCID: PMC6426912 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-019-0198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Bioactivity-guided phytochemical investigation of Podocarpus neriifolius D. Don. (Podocarpaceae) has led to the isolation of one new (2) and three known (1, 3, and 4) B-type podolactones, along with three totarane-type diterpenes (5-7). Their structures were determined by interpretation of High Resolution ElectroSpray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (HRESIMS) and 1D and 2D NMR data, and comparison with the values reported in the literature. The structure of compound 1, previously identified as 3-deoxy-2α-hydroxynagilactone E (8), was revised as its 2β-epimer, which has been reported recently as a new compound. All of the isolates were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of four human cancer cell lines, namely, ovarian (OVCAR3), breast (MDA-MB-231), colon (HT-29), and melanoma (MDA-MB-435), and compounds 1 and 3 were found to be cytotoxic with IC50 values in the low micromolar range for most of the cell lines used. The major compound, inumakilactone A (3), was further tested in vivo using the HT-29, MDA-MB-435, and OVCAR3 cells in a murine hollow fiber model, for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Annécie Benatrehina
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Wei-Lun Chen
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Austin A Czarnecki
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven Kurina
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hee-Byung Chai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniel D Lantvit
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tran N Ninh
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Djaja D Soejarto
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- John G. Searle Herbarium of the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH, USA
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Ren Y, Anaya-Eugenio GD, Czarnecki AA, Ninh TN, Yuan C, Chai HB, Soejarto DD, Burdette JE, de Blanco EJC, Kinghorn AD. Cytotoxic and NF-κB and mitochondrial transmembrane potential inhibitory pentacyclic triterpenoids from Syzygium corticosum and their semi-synthetic derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4452-4460. [PMID: 30057155 PMCID: PMC6177235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Syzygium is a large genus of flowering plants, with several species, including the clove tree, used as important resources in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In our continuing search for anticancer agents from higher plants, a chloroform extract of the leaves and twigs of Syzygium corticosum collected in Vietnam was found to be active toward the HT-29 human colon cancer cell line. Separation of this extract guided by HT-29 cells and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inhibition yielded 19 known natural products, including seven triterpenoids, three ellagic acid derivatives, two methylated flavonoids, a cyclohexanone, four megastigmanes, a small lactone, and an aromatic aldehyde. The full stereochemistry of (+)-fouquierol (2) was defined for the first time. Biological investigations showed that (+)-ursolic acid (1) is the major cytotoxic component of S. corticosum, which exhibited also potent activities in the NF-κB and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP) inhibition assays conducted, with IC50 values of 31 nM and 3.5 µM, respectively. Several analogues of (+)-ursolic acid (1) were synthesized, and a preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) study indicated that the C-3 hydroxy and C-28 carboxylic acid groups and 19,20-dimethyl substitution are all essential in the mediation of the bioactivities observed for this triterpenoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ren
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Gerardo D Anaya-Eugenio
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Austin A Czarnecki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Tran Ngoc Ninh
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Chunhua Yuan
- Campus Chemical Instrument Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Hee-Byung Chai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Djaja D Soejarto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States; Science and Education, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, United States
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Esperanza J Carcache de Blanco
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - A Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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Russo A, Czarnecki AA, Dean M, Modi DA, Lantvit DD, Hardy L, Baligod S, Davis DA, Wei JJ, Burdette JE. PTEN loss in the fallopian tube induces hyperplasia and ovarian tumor formation. Oncogene 2018; 37:1976-1990. [PMID: 29367766 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The signaling events involved in the onset of ovarian cancer from the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) are crucial for early detection and treatment of the disease, but they remain poorly defined. Conditional homozygous knockout of PTEN mediated by PAX8-cre recombinase was sufficient to drive endometrioid and serous borderline ovarian carcinoma, providing the first model of FTE-derived borderline tumors. In addition, heterozygous PTEN deletion in the FTE resulted in hyperplasia, providing a model to study early events of human ovarian pathogenesis. To uncover the mechanism underlying the invasion of cancerous oviductal cells to the ovary, PTEN-deficient murine oviductal cells were developed and tagged with green fluorescent protein. Loss of PTEN increased cell migration, invasion, and upregulated WNT4, a key regulator of Müllerian duct development during embryogenesis. Further investigation revealed that WNT4 was required for increased migration and colonization of the ovary by PTEN-deficient oviductal cells in a β-catenin independent manner. Human tumor microarrays and ovarian cancer cells lines confirmed WNT4 expression in cancer and its role in migration. Together, these findings provide a novel model to study the mechanism of fallopian tube tumor initiation and invasion to the ovary mediated by loss of PTEN, which may help to define early events of human ovarian carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Russo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Austin A Czarnecki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew Dean
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dimple A Modi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel D Lantvit
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laura Hardy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Seth Baligod
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David A Davis
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Pathology, Reference Histology Laboratory,, J. Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jian-Jun Wei
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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