1
|
Ishihara T, Tanaka KI, Takafuji A, Miura K, Mizushima T. Attenuation of LPS-Induced Lung Injury by Benziodarone via Reactive Oxygen Species Reduction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10035. [PMID: 37373184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes various diseases, antioxidants that scavenge ROS, or inhibitors that suppress excessive ROS generation, can be used as therapeutic agents. From a library of approved drugs, we screened compounds that reduced superoxide anions produced by pyocyanin-stimulated leukemia cells and identified benzbromarone. Further investigation of several of its analogues showed that benziodarone possessed the highest activity in reducing superoxide anions without causing cytotoxicity. In contrast, in a cell-free assay, benziodarone induced only a minimal decrease in superoxide anion levels generated by xanthine oxidase. These results suggest that benziodarone is an inhibitor of NADPH oxidases in the plasma membrane but is not a superoxide anion scavenger. We investigated the preventive effect of benziodarone on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine lung injury as a model of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Intratracheal administration of benziodarone attenuated tissue damage and inflammation via its ROS-reducing activity. These results indicate the potential application of benziodarone as a therapeutic agent against diseases caused by ROS overproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Ishihara
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Fukushima 9638642, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishitokyo 2028585, Japan
| | - Ayaka Takafuji
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishitokyo 2028585, Japan
| | - Keita Miura
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Fukushima 9638642, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tanaka KI, Shimoda M, Sugizaki T, Ikeda M, Takafuji A, Kawahara M, Yamakawa N, Mizushima T. Therapeutic effects of eperisone on pulmonary fibrosis via preferential suppression of fibroblast activity. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:52. [PMID: 35136056 PMCID: PMC8824291 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although the exact pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is still unknown, the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and the production of extracellular matrix components such as collagen, triggered by alveolar epithelial cell injury, are important mechanisms of IPF development. In the lungs of IPF patients, apoptosis is less likely to be induced in fibroblasts than in alveolar epithelial cells, and this process is involved in the pathogenesis of IPF. We used a library containing approved drugs to screen for drugs that preferentially reduce cell viability in LL29 cells (lung fibroblasts from an IPF patient) compared with A549 cells (human alveolar epithelial cell line). After screening, we selected eperisone, a central muscle relaxant used in clinical practice. Eperisone showed little toxicity in A549 cells and preferentially reduced the percentage of viable LL29 cells, while pirfenidone and nintedanib did not have this effect. Eperisone also significantly inhibited transforming growth factor-β1-dependent transdifferentiation of LL29 cells into myofibroblasts. In an in vivo study using ICR mice, eperisone inhibited bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis, respiratory dysfunction, and fibroblast activation. In contrast, pirfenidone and nintedanib were less effective than eperisone in inhibiting BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis under this experimental condition. Finally, we showed that eperisone did not induce adverse effects in the liver and gastrointestinal tract in the BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis model. Considering these results, we propose that eperisone may be safer and more therapeutically beneficial for IPF patients than current therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan.
| | - Mikako Shimoda
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Sugizaki
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Maki Ikeda
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Ayaka Takafuji
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamakawa
- Shujitsu University School of Pharmacy, Okayama, 703-8516, Japan
| | - Tohru Mizushima
- LTT Bio-Pharma Co., Ltd, Shiodome Building 3F, 1-2-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0022, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tanaka KI, Shimoda M, Kubota M, Takafuji A, Kawahara M, Mizushima T. Novel pharmacological effects of lecithinized superoxide dismutase on ischemia/reperfusion injury in the kidneys of mice. Life Sci 2022; 288:120164. [PMID: 34822794 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major clinical problem because it can cause acute kidney injury (AKI) or lead to the transition from AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Oxidative stress, which involves the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an important role in the development and exacerbation of I/R-induced kidney injury. However, we have previously reported that lecithinized superoxide dismutase (PC-SOD), a SOD derivative with high tissue affinity and high stability in plasma, has beneficial effects in various disease models because of its inhibitory effect on ROS production. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of intravenous PC-SOD administration in a mouse model of renal injury induced by I/R. PC-SOD markedly ameliorated the I/R-induced increases in markers of renal damage (urea nitrogen, creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and interleukin-6) and tubular necrosis 48 h after the intervention. We also found that PC-SOD significantly ameliorated the I/R-induced increase in ROS production, using an ex vivo imaging system. Furthermore, PC-SOD inhibited the increases in expression of markers of fibrosis (α-smooth muscle actin and collagen 1A1) 96 h after, and renal fibrosis 25 days after I/R was induced. Finally, we found that PC-SOD ameliorated the I/R-induced AKI in mice with high-fat diet-induced prediabetes. These results suggest that PC-SOD inhibits AKI and the transition from AKI to CKD through the inhibition of ROS production. Therefore, we believe that PC-SOD may represent an effective therapeutic agent for I/R-induced renal injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
| | - Mikako Shimoda
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Maho Kubota
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Ayaka Takafuji
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Tohru Mizushima
- LTT Bio-Pharma Co., Ltd, Shiodome Building 3F, 1-2-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0022, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sugizaki T, Tanaka KI, Asano T, Kobayashi D, Hino Y, Takafuji A, Shimoda M, Mogushi K, Kawahara M, Mizushima T. Idebenone has preventative and therapeutic effects on pulmonary fibrosis via preferential suppression of fibroblast activity. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:146. [PMID: 31754474 PMCID: PMC6861265 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0226-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial injury induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and abnormal collagen production by activated fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) is involved in the onset and exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Compared with alveolar epithelial cells, lung fibroblasts, especially myofibroblasts, exhibit an apoptosis-resistance phenotype (apoptosis paradox) that appears to be involved in IPF pathogenesis. Thus, we screened for chemicals eliciting preferential cytotoxicity of LL29 cells (lung fibroblasts from an IPF patient) compared with A549 cells (human lung alveolar epithelial cell line) from medicines already in clinical use. We identified idebenone, a synthetic analogue of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10, an antioxidant) that has been used clinically as a brain metabolic stimulant. Idebenone induced cell growth inhibition and cell death in LL29 cells at a lower concentration than in A549 cells, a feature that was not observed for other antioxidant molecules (such as CoQ10) and two IPF drugs (pirfenidone and nintedanib). Administration of idebenone prevented bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and increased pulmonary ROS levels. Importantly, idebenone also improved pulmonary fibrosis and lung function when administered after the development of fibrosis, whereas administration of CoQ10 similarly prevented bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, but had no effect after its development. Administration of idebenone, but not CoQ10, suppressed bleomycin-induced increases in lung myofibroblasts. In vitro, treatment of LL29 cells with idebenone, but not CoQ10, suppressed TGF-β–induced collagen production. These results suggest that in addition to antioxidant activity, idebenone exerts inhibitory activity on the function of lung fibroblasts, with the former activity being preventative and the latter therapeutic for bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Thus, we propose that idebenone may be more therapeutically beneficial for IPF patients than current treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Sugizaki
- 1Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- 2Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585 Japan
| | - Teita Asano
- 3Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki 216-8512 Japan
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- 2Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585 Japan
| | - Yuuki Hino
- 2Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585 Japan
| | - Ayaka Takafuji
- 2Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585 Japan
| | - Mikako Shimoda
- 2Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585 Japan
| | - Kaoru Mogushi
- 4Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- 2Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, 202-8585 Japan
| | - Tohru Mizushima
- 5LTT Bio-Pharma Co., Ltd, Shiodome Building 3F, 1-2-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0022 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yamashita Y, Tanaka KI, Yamakawa N, Asano T, Kanda Y, Takafuji A, Kawahara M, Takenaga M, Fukunishi Y, Mizushima T. Chemical modification-mediated optimisation of bronchodilatory activity of mepenzolate, a muscarinic receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3339-3346. [PMID: 31204225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The treatment for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) usually involves a combination of anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory drugs. We recently found that mepenzolate bromide (1) and its derivative, 3-(2-hydroxy-2, 2-diphenylacetoxy)-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bromide (5), have both anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory activities. We chemically modified 5 with a view to obtain derivatives with both anti-inflammatory and longer-lasting bronchodilatory activities. Among the synthesized compounds, (R)-(-)-12 ((R)-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetoxy)-1-(3-phenylpropyl)-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bromide) showed the highest affinity in vitro for the human muscarinic M3 receptor (hM3R). Compared to 1 and 5, (R)-(-)-12 exhibited longer-lasting bronchodilatory activity and equivalent anti-inflammatory effect in mice. The long-term intratracheal administration of (R)-(-)-12 suppressed porcine pancreatic elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in mice, whereas the same procedure with a long-acting muscarinic antagonist used clinically (tiotropium bromide) did not. These results suggest that (R)-(-)-12 might be therapeutically beneficial for use with COPD patients given the improved effects seen against both inflammatory pulmonary emphysema and airflow limitation in this animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunobu Yamashita
- Technology Research Association for Next-Generation Natural Products Chemistry, 2-3-26 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamakawa
- Shujitsu University School of Pharmacy, 1-6-1, Nishigawara, Naka-ku, Okayama 703-8516, Japan
| | - Teita Asano
- Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki 216-8512, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Ayaka Takafuji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Takenaga
- Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki 216-8512, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Fukunishi
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery (molprof), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-3-26, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Tohru Mizushima
- LTT Bio-Pharma Co., Ltd, Shiodome Building 3F, 1-2-20 Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0022, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tanaka K, Sugizaki T, Takafuji A, Yukari N, Masahiro K. THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF IDEBENONE ON PULMONARY FIBROSIS VIA PREFERENTIAL SUPPRESSION OF FIBROBLAST ACTIVITY. Chest 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.02.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
7
|
Tanaka KI, Yamakawa N, Yamashita Y, Asano T, Kanda Y, Takafuji A, Kawahara M, Takenaga M, Fukunishi Y, Mizushima T. Identification of Mepenzolate Derivatives With Long-Acting Bronchodilatory Activity. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:344. [PMID: 29692733 PMCID: PMC5902689 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The standard treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a combination of anti-inflammatory drugs and bronchodilators. We recently found that mepenzolate bromide (MP), an antagonist for human muscarinic M3 receptor (hM3R), has both anti-inflammatory and short-acting bronchodilatory activities. To obtain MP derivatives with longer-lasting bronchodilatory activity, we synthesized hybrid compounds based on MP and two other muscarinic antagonists with long-acting bronchodilatory activity glycopyrronium bromide (GC) and aclidinium bromide (AD). Of these three synthesized hybrid compounds (MP-GC, GC-MP, MP-AD) and MP, MP-AD showed the highest affinity for hM3R and had the longest lasting bronchodilatory activity, which was equivalent to that of GC and AD. Both MP-GC and MP-AD exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect equivalent to that of MP, whereas, in line with GC and AD, GC-MP did not show this effect. We also confirmed that administration of MP-AD suppressed elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in a mouse model. These findings provide important information about the structure-activity relationship of MP for both bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishi-Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yasunobu Yamashita
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teita Asano
- Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, St. Marianna University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanda
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishi-Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Takafuji
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishi-Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishi-Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Takenaga
- Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, St. Marianna University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Fukunishi
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tanaka KI, Niino T, Ishihara T, Takafuji A, Takayama T, Kanda Y, Sugizaki T, Tamura F, Kurotsu S, Kawahara M, Mizushima T. Protective and therapeutic effect of felodipine against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3439. [PMID: 28611390 PMCID: PMC5469778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03676-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) involves alveolar epithelial injury and abnormal collagen production caused by activated fibroblasts; transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is implicated in this activation. In this study, we screened for chemicals capable of inhibiting TGF-β1-induced collagen production in cultured fibroblasts from medicines already in clinical use. We selected felodipine based on its extent of collagen production inhibition, clinical safety profile, and other pharmacological activity. Felodipine is a dihydropyridine Ca2+ channel blocker that has been used clinically to treat patients with high blood pressure. Felodipine suppressed collagen production within LL29 cells in the presence of TGF-β1, but not in its absence. Intratracheal administration of felodipine prevented bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, alteration of lung mechanics and respiratory dysfunction. Felodipine also improved pulmonary fibrosis, as well as lung and respiratory function when administered after fibrosis development. Furthermore, administration of felodipine suppressed a bleomycin-induced increase in activated fibroblasts in the lung. We also found other dihydropyridine Ca2+ channel blockers (nifedipine and benidipine) inhibited collagen production in vitro and partially prevented bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, alteration of lung mechanics and respiratory dysfunction in vivo. We propose that these Ca2+ channel blockers may be therapeutically beneficial for IPF patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Drug Discovery and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tomomi Niino
- Division of Drug Discovery and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ishihara
- Division of Drug Discovery and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Takafuji
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Takayama
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanda
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Sugizaki
- Division of Drug Discovery and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiya Tamura
- Division of Drug Discovery and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shota Kurotsu
- Division of Drug Discovery and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Laboratory of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Takahashi H, Takafuji A, Takabayashi J, Yano S, Shimoda T. Seasonal occurrence of specialist and generalist insect predators of spider mites and their response to volatiles from spider-mite-infested plants in Japanese pear orchards. Exp Appl Acarol 2001; 25:393-402. [PMID: 11603732 DOI: 10.1023/a:1017997110721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In two adjacent Japanese pear orchards (orchards I and 2), we studied the seasonal occurrence of the Kanzawa spider mite. Tetranychus kanzawai, and its predators. Also the response of these predators to the volatiles from kidney bean plants infested with T kanzawai was investigated using trap boxes in orchard 1. The mite density in orchard 1 was unimodal. with one peak at the end of August. In this orchard, population development of the specialist insect predators, Scolothrips takahashii, Oligota kashmiria benefica and Stethorus japonicus was almost synchronized with that of the spider mites. These predators disappeared when the density of their prey became very low in mid-September. Both S. takahashii and O. kashmirica benefica abruptly increased in number in orchard 2 when the spider mite population in orchard 1 decreased. These results suggested that some of the predators migrated from orchard 1 to orchard 2. In this period, predator-traps with T kanzawai-infested bean plants attracted significantly more S. takahashii than traps with uninfested plants. Very few individuals of S. japonicus and O. kashimirica benefica were found in the traps, despite their abundance in orchard 1. The generalist insect predator, Orius sp., was attracted to the traps throughout the experimental period irrespective of the density of spider mites, although this predator was never observed inside the orchards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Takahashi
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maeda T, Takabayashi J, Yano S, Takafuji A. Variation in the olfactory response of 13 populations of the predatory mite Amblyseius womersleyi to Tetranychus urticae-infested plant volatiles (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae). Exp Appl Acarol 2001; 25:55-64. [PMID: 11508529 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010667812788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We studied the response of the predatory mite Amblyseius womersleyi collected in 13 different sites in Japan toward Terranychus urticae-infested kidney bean leaf volatiles in a Y-tube olfactometer. The predatory mites were collected from eight plant species infested by one of three tetranychid mite species. The predators' responses to the infested-leaf volatiles varied from 33% to 97% among the populations. The predators collected at 10 sites showed a significant preference for infested-leaf volatiles, whereas those collected at three tea plantations did not distinguish between the infested- and uninfested-leaf volatiles. We discussed the possible factors that affected the olfactory response of A. womersleyi towards the infested leaf volatiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Maeda
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yano S, Takabayashi J, Takafuji A. Trade-offs in performance on different plants may not restrict the host plant range of the phytophagous mite, Tetranychus urticae. Exp Appl Acarol 2001; 25:371-381. [PMID: 11603730 DOI: 10.1023/a:1017926017081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We examined sib-mated lines of the phytophagous mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, for trade-offs in performance on different plants. We found no significant trade-offs among 10 potential host plants examined. Trade-offs in performance were not detected in most cases, even when the variations in general performance (mean performance on all potential host plants) among the sib-mated lines were statistically adjusted, denying the possibility that this may be due to the variations in general performance among the lines. No evidence for trade-offs was obtained in an artificial selection experiment; on all tested plants, a line adapted to one marginal host plant exhibited higher performance than the control line. However, the general performance seemed to be negatively correlated with other adaptive traits of the mite, such as competition ability of adult males for their mates and overcrowding response of adult females. Such correlations may contribute to the maintenance of genetic variation in the general performance of T. urticae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Yano
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Two types are known in the Kanzawa spider mite, Tetranychus kanzawai (K and T; see Gotoh et al., 1999), which differ in host range and have a unidirectional incompatibility. Prior to DNA analyzes, crossing between females of a known K type and males of each of 17 strains collected in Japan showed that six of the strains were of the K type, live were the T type and the rest consisted of a mixture of the two types. In order to elucidate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of T kanzawai in Japan, we analyzed the DNA sequences of two regions--the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COI) of mitochondrial DNA - using 11 strains (six K-type strains and five T-type strains). Base substitutions were detected on 25 sites of COI (375bp) and 19 sites of ITS1 (486bp), resulting in eight and 17 haplotypes, respectively. The phylogenetic trees constructed using the DNA sequences failed to clearly distinguish between the two types. The results suggested that the T type was derived from the K type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Hinomoto
- National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Tsmkuha, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Spider mite biology and control in Japan were reviewed. Seventy-eight spider mite species of 16 genera (Family Tetranychidae) have been recorded in Japan. Several of the species recently described were separated from a species complex comprising strains with different ecological performance such as host range. These separations were first supported by crossing experiments and then confirmed by molecular genetic studies. Spider mite control in Japan is still dependent on heavy acaricide spraying in order to attain products of extremely high quality. The commercial use of natural enemies in spider mite management has just started.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Takafuji
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Takabayashi J, Shimoda T, Dicke M, Ashihara W, Takafuji A. Induced response of tomato plants to injury by green and red strains of Tetranychus urticae. Exp Appl Acarol 2000; 24:377-383. [PMID: 11156163 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006497024175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We studied the induced response of tomato plants to the green strain and the red strain of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae. We focused on the olfactory response of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis to volatiles from T. urticae-infested tomato leaves in a Y-tube olfactometer. Tomato leaves attracted the predatory mites when slightly infested with the red strain, or moderately or heavily infested with the green strain. In contrast, neither leaves that were slightly infested with green-strain mites, nor leaves that were moderately or heavily infested with the red strain attracted the predators. We discuss the specific defensive responses of tomato plants to each of the two strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Takabayashi
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Maeda T, Takabayashi J, Yano S, Takafuji A. Effects of light on the tritrophic interaction between kidney bean plants, two-spotted spider mites and predatory mites, Amblyseius womersleyi (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Exp Appl Acarol 2000; 24:415-425. [PMID: 11156166 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006449108245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
By analyzing the volatiles from Tetranychus urticae-infested kidney bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris) at different times for two days, we found that they were mainly produced in the light. Tetranychus urticae showed a higher oviposition rate and spent more time feeding during the day (in the light) than at night (in the dark). Infested leaves placed in the light attracted the predatory mite Amblyseius womersleyi, whereas those that were placed in the dark for at least 2 h in daytime did not. This indicates that presence or absence of light affects the production of herbivore-induced plant volatiles. Amblyseius womersleyi dispersed more frequently and consumed more T. urticae eggs during the day (in the light) than at night (in the dark), whereas their oviposition rate did not differ between day and night. Presence or absence of herbivore-induced plant volatiles in the surroundings did not affect dispersal, predation or oviposition rates of A. womersleyi. These results show that A. womersleyi's behavior coincides with the production pattern of herbivore-induced plant volatiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Maeda
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kodama H, Gyobu Y, Okada I, Hata Y, Yamazaki S, Kubo Y, Takafuji A, Hashizume Y, Ozaki I. [Surveys on two successive epidemics of streptococcus infection among children in O town, Toyama Prefecture, with special reference to follow-up examinations]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 1983; 57:1060-6. [PMID: 6425427 DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.57.1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|