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Genel ME, Adacan K, Selvi S, Kutucu DE, Uvez A, Armutak EI, Sengul A, Ulukaya E, Gurevin EG. Apoptosis-inducing, anti-angiogenic and anti-migratory effects of a dinuclear Pd(II) complex on breast cancer: A promising novel compound. Microvasc Res 2024; 151:104619. [PMID: 37898331 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Because of the high mortality and morbidity rate of breast cancer, successful management of the disease requires synthesis of novel compounds. To this end, ongoing attempts to create new candidates include synthesis of multinuclear metal complexes. The high DNA binding affinity and cytotoxic activity of these complexes makes them promising as breast cancer treatments. This study investigated anti-growth/cytotoxic effect of the dinuclear Pd(II) complex on breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) using various methods of staining, flow cytometry, and immunoblotting. The study conducted colony formation, invasion, and migration assays were to assess the effect of the complex on metastasis. Increased caspase-3/7 levels and positive annexin V staining were observed in both cell lines, proving apoptosis. Altered TNFR1 and TRADD expression with caspase-8 cleavage followed by BCL-2 inactivation with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential confirmed the presence of apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, regardless of p53 expression status. The results implied anti-migration properties. Finally, the study used the CAM assay to assess antiangiogenic properties and showed that the complex inhibited angiogenesis. The study concluded the dinuclear Pd(II) complex warrants further in vivo experiments to show its potential in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Erkisa Genel
- Istinye University, Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Health and Technology University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kaan Adacan
- Istinye University, Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istanbul, Turkey; Istinye University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selin Selvi
- Istinye University, Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Erol Kutucu
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayca Uvez
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Ilkay Armutak
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Sengul
- Bulent Ecevit University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Chemistry, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Engin Ulukaya
- Istinye University, Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istanbul, Turkey; Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ebru Gurel Gurevin
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Koutsougianni F, Alexopoulou D, Uvez A, Lamprianidou A, Sereti E, Tsimplouli C, Ilkay Armutak E, Dimas K. P90 ribosomal S6 kinases: A bona fide target for novel targeted anticancer therapies? Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 210:115488. [PMID: 36889445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) family of proteins is a group of highly conserved Ser/Thr kinases. They are downstream effectors of the Ras/ERK/MAPK signaling cascade. ERK1/2 activation directly results in the phosphorylation of RSKs, which further, through interaction with a variety of different downstream substrates, activate various signaling events. In this context, they have been shown to mediate diverse cellular processes like cell survival, growth, proliferation, EMT, invasion, and metastasis. Interestingly, increased expression of RSKs has also been demonstrated in various cancers, such as breast, prostate, and lung cancer. This review aims to present the most recent advances in the field of RSK signaling that have occurred, such as biological insights, function, and mechanisms associated with carcinogenesis. We additionally present and discuss the recent advances but also the limitations in the development of pharmacological inhibitors of RSKs, in the context of the use of these kinases as putative, more efficient targets for novel anticancer therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Koutsougianni
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitra Alexopoulou
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ayca Uvez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Andromachi Lamprianidou
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Evangelia Sereti
- Dept of Translational Medicine, Medical Faculty, Lund University and Center for Molecular Pathology, Skäne University Hospital, Jan Waldenströms gata 59, SE 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Chrisiida Tsimplouli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Elif Ilkay Armutak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Konstantinos Dimas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
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Utkusavas A, Gurel Gurevin E, Yilmazer N, Uvez A, Oztay F, Bulut H, Ustunova S, Esener OBB, Sonmez K, Erol Kutucu D, Meral I, Dimas K, Armutak EI. Effects of combined administration of doxorubicin and chloroquine on lung pathology in mice with solid Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Biotech Histochem 2022; 97:555-566. [PMID: 35240890 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2022.2036369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined use of a chemotherapeutic agent and an autophagy inhibitor is a novel cancer treatment strategy. We investigated the effects of chloroquine (CQ) on lung pathology caused by both solid Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and doxorubicin (DXR). A control group and eight experimental groups of adult female mice were inoculated subcutaneously with 2.5 × 106 EAC cells. DXR (1.5 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg) and CQ (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) alone or in combination were injected intraperitoneally on days 2, 7 and 12 following inoculation with EAC cells. Lung tissue samples were examined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for endothelial (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Serum catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured using ELISA. We found decreased levels of iNOS and eNOS in the groups that received 1.5 mg/kg DXR alone and in combination with 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg CQ. Combined administration of DXR and CQ partially prevented disruption of alveolar structure. Levels of antioxidant enzymes and MDA were lower in all treated groups; the greatest reduction was observed in mice that received the combination of 25 mg/kg CQ + 1.5 mg/kg DXR. Levels of NGAL were elevated in all treated groups. We found that CQ ameliorated both EAC and DOX induced lung pathology in female mice with solid EAC by reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayfer Utkusavas
- Department of Pulmonology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Gurel Gurevin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nadim Yilmazer
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Ayca Uvez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fusun Oztay
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huri Bulut
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Savas Ustunova
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman B Burak Esener
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kivilcim Sonmez
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Erol Kutucu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Biology, Institute of Graduate Studies in Science and Engineering, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Meral
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Konstantinos Dimas
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Thessaly University, Larissa, Greece
| | - Elif Ilkay Armutak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Uvez A, Aydinlik S, Esener OBB, Erkisa M, Karakus D, Armutak EI. Synergistic interactions between resveratrol and doxorubicin inhibit angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Pol J Vet Sci 2021; 23:571-580. [PMID: 33480492 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.135803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound which is found in many nutrients including grapes, peanuts, raspberries, and apples. Anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and apoptotic effects of resveratrol have been shown on various cancer cells. Doxorubicin is considered as one of the most effective anticancer agents and reveals its antitumor activity by induction of apoptosis and inhibition of angiogenesis. Our study reports for the first time the potent ability of resveratrol in combination with doxorubicin to inhibit angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. The cytotoxic effect of resveratrol (1.56-100 μM), doxorubicin (0.01-0.92 µM) and their combination were analyzed in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by ATP assay. In vitro angiogenesis was evaluated using tube formation assay in HUVECs. In vivo anti-angiogenic activity was assessed in a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model using fertilized chicken eggs. All test groups were compared to thalidomide as a positive control, three concentrations of resveratrol (10-5-2.5 µg/pellet) and a 2 µg/pellet concentration of doxorubicin was examined. All data were evaluated statistically. Resveratrol and doxorubicin alone displayed inhibitory effects on angiogenesis and cell viability at higher doses. However, the combination of resveratrol and doxorubicin exhibited a significant dose-dependent inhibition of CAM angiogenesis in vivo as well as proliferation and tube formation in HUVECs compared to the positive control (±)-thalidomide. Our results suggest that resveratrol in combination with doxorubicin is a novel strategy in the prevention and treatment of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Uvez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Buyukcekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Aydinlik
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Uludag University, 16059 Nilufer/Bursa, Turkey
| | - O B B Esener
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Buyukcekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Erkisa
- Moleculer Cancer Research Center, Istinye University, 34010 Zeytinburnu/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - D Karakus
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Buyukcekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E I Armutak
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Buyukcekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
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Aydinlik S, Uvez A, Kiyan HT, Gurel-Gurevin E, Yilmaz VT, Ulukaya E, Armutak EI. Palladium (II) complex and thalidomide intercept angiogenic signaling via targeting FAK/Src and Erk/Akt/PLCγ dependent autophagy pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Microvasc Res 2021; 138:104229. [PMID: 34339726 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The current study assessed the effects of the thalidomide and palladium (II) saccharinate complex of terpyridine on the suppression of angiogenesis-mediated cell proliferation. The viability was assessed after treatment with palladium (II) complex (1.56-100 μM) and thalidomide (0.1-400 μM) alone by using ATP assay for 48 h. Palladium (II) complex was found to inhibit growth statistically significant in a dose-dependent manner in HUVECs and promoted PARP-1 cleavage through the production of ROS. On the other hand, thalidomide did not cause any significant change in cell viability. Moreover, cell death was observed to be manifested as late apoptosis due to Annexin V/SYTOX staining after palladium (II) complex treatment however, thalidomide did not demonstrate similar results. Thalidomide and palladium (II) complex also suppressed HUVEC migration and capillary-like structure tube formation in vitro in a time-dependent manner. Palladium (II) complex (5 mg/ml) treatment showed a strong antiangiogenic effect similar to positive control thalidomide (5 mg/ml) and successfully disrupted the vasculature and reduced the thickness of the vessels compared to control (agar). Furthermore, suppression of autophagy enhanced the cell death and anti-angiogenic effect of thalidomide and palladium (II) complex. We also showed that being treated with thalidomide and palladium (II) complex inhibited phosphorylation of the signaling regulators downstream of the VEGFR2. These results provide evidence for the regulation of endothelial cell functions that are relevant to angiogenesis through the suppression of the FAK/Src/Akt/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Our results also indicate that PLC-γ1 phosphorylation leads to activation of p-Akt and p-Erk1/2 which cause stimulation on cell proliferation at lower doses. Hence, we demonstrated that palladium (II) and thalidomide can induce cell death via the Erk/Akt/PLCγ signaling pathway and that this pathway might be a novel mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Aydinlik
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ayca Uvez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Buyukcekmece/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Tuba Kiyan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Gurel-Gurevin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Veysel Turan Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Engin Ulukaya
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Ilkay Armutak
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Buyukcekmece/Istanbul, Turkey.
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Aydinlik S, Uvez A, Armutak Eİ, Dere E, Ulukaya E. Effects of novel targeted anticancer drugs on cytotoxicity, apoptosis, angiogenesis, EMT, drug resistance and autophagic mechanism. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz238.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Utkusavas A, Gurel Gurevin E, Esener OBB, Uvez A, Oztay F, Bulut H, Sonmez K, Yilmazer N, Ustunova S, Meral I, Erol Kutucu D, Armutak EI. Effects of Combined Doxorubicin and Chloroquine in the Lung of Mice with Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma. Turk Thorac J 2019. [DOI: 10.5152/turkthoracj.2019.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Gurel-Gurevin E, Kiyan HT, Esener OBB, Aydinlik S, Uvez A, Ulukaya E, Dimas K, Armutak EI. Chloroquine Used in Combination with Chemotherapy Synergistically Suppresses Growth and Angiogenesis In Vitro and In Vivo. Anticancer Res 2018; 38:4011-4020. [PMID: 29970525 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inhibition of autophagy using pharmacological inhibitors such as chloroquine may be an effective strategy to overcome chemotherapy or resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin (0.1-1 μM), chloroquine (0.25-32 μM) and their combination were investigated by employing ATP assay in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The effect of doxorubicin and chloroquine combination was also measured using tube formation assay on Matrigel. The anti-angiogenic activities of doxorubicin (2.5 μg/pellet) and chloroquine (15 μg/pellet), their combination, and standards (50 μg/pellet) were tested in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. RESULTS The combination of doxorubicin and chloroquine significantly had a stronger anti-angiogenic effect than the positive control (±)-thalidomide and doxorubicin alone in the CAM assay and in vitro tube-formation assay. CONCLUSION Chloroquine enhanced the anti-angiogenic effect of doxorubicin on CAM at the tested concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Gurel-Gurevin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Tuba Kiyan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Osman Behzat Burak Esener
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyma Aydinlik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ayca Uvez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Engin Ulukaya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Konstantinos Dimas
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Science, Thessaly University, Larissa, Greece
| | - Elif Ilkay Armutak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Esener O, Balkan BM, Armutak EI, Uvez A, Yildiz G, Hafizoglu M, Yilmazer N, Gurel-Gurevin E. Donkey milk kefir induces apoptosis and suppresses proliferation of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma by decreasing iNOS in mice. Biotech Histochem 2018; 93:424-431. [PMID: 29642726 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1448112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Donkey milk and donkey milk kefir exhibit antiproliferative, antimutagenic and antibacterial effects. We investigated the effects of donkey milk and donkey milk kefir on oxidative stress, apoptosis and proliferation in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in mice. Thirty-four adult male Swiss albino mice were divided into four groups as follows: group 1, administered 0.5 ml water; group 2, administered 0.5 ml water + EAC cells; group 3, administered 0.5 ml donkey milk + EAC cells; group 4, administered 0.5 ml donkey milk kefir + EAC cells. We introduced 2.5 x 106 EAC cells into each animal by subcutaneous injection. Tap water, donkey milk and donkey milk kefir were administered by gavage for 10 days. Animals were sacrificed on day 11. After measuring the short and long diameters of the tumors, tissues were processed for histology. To determine oxidative stress, cell death and proliferation iNOS and eNOS, active caspase-3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were assessed using immunohistochemistry. A TUNEL assay also was used to detect apoptosis. Tumor volume decreased in the donkey milk kefir group compared to the control and donkey milk groups. Tumor volume increased in the donkey milk group compared to the control group. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen levels were higher in the donkey milk kefir group compared to the control and donkey milk groups. The number of apoptotic cells was less in the donkey milk group, compared to the control, whereas it was highest in the donkey milk kefir group. Donkey milk administration increased eNOS levels and decreased iNOS levels, compared to the control group. In the donkey milk kefir group, iNOS levels were significantly lower than those of the control and donkey milk groups, while eNOS levels were similar to the control group. Donkey milk kefir induced apoptosis, suppressed proliferation and decreased co-expression of iNOS and eNOS. Donkey milk promoted development of the tumors. Therefore, donkey milk kefir appears to be more beneficial for treating breast cancer than donkey milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obb Esener
- a Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Istanbul University , Istanbul
| | - B M Balkan
- b Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Mehmet Akif Ersoy University , Burdur
| | - E I Armutak
- a Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Istanbul University , Istanbul
| | - A Uvez
- a Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Istanbul University , Istanbul
| | - G Yildiz
- c Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Mehmet Akif Ersoy University , Burdur
| | - M Hafizoglu
- c Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Mehmet Akif Ersoy University , Burdur
| | - N Yilmazer
- d Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences , Namık Kemal University , Tekirdag
| | - E Gurel-Gurevin
- e Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
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Cevatemre B, Erkısa M, Aztopal N, Karakas D, Alper P, Tsimplouli C, Sereti E, Dimas K, Armutak EII, Gurevin EG, Uvez A, Mori M, Berardozzi S, Ingallina C, D'Acquarica I, Botta B, Ozpolat B, Ulukaya E. A promising natural product, pristimerin, results in cytotoxicity against breast cancer stem cells in vitro and xenografts in vivo through apoptosis and an incomplete autopaghy in breast cancer. Pharmacol Res 2017; 129:500-514. [PMID: 29197639 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Several natural products have been suggested as effective agents for the treatment of cancer. Given the important role of CSCs (Cancer Stem Cells) in cancer, which is a trendy hypothesis, it is worth investigating the effects of pristimerin on CSCs as well as on the other malignant cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) of breast cancer. The anti-growth activity of pristimerin against MCF-7 and MCF-7s (cancer stem cell enriched population) cells was investigated by real time viability monitorization (xCELLigence System®) and ATP assay, respectively. Mode of cell death was evaluated using electron and fluorescence microscopies, western blotting (autophagy, apoptosis and ER-stress related markers) and flow cytometry (annexin-V staining, caspase 3/7 activity, BCL-2 and PI3K expressions). Pristimerin showed an anti-growth effect on cancer cells and cancer stem cells with IC50 values ranging at 0.38-1.75μM. It inhibited sphere formation at relatively lower doses (<1.56μM). Apoptosis was induced in MCF-7 and MCF-7s cells. In addition, extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation was observed, implying an incompleted autophagy as evidenced by the increase of autophagy-related proteins (p62 and LC3-II) with an unfolded protein response (UPR). Pristimerin inhibited the growth of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231-originated xenografts in NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/J mice. In mice, apoptosis was further confirmed by cleavage of PARP, activation of caspase 3 and/or 7 and TUNEL staining. Taken together, pristimerin shows cytotoxic activity on breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. It seems to represent a robust promising agent for the treatment of breast cancer. Pristimerin's itself or synthetic novel derivatives should be taken into consideration for novel potent anticancer agent(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Buse Cevatemre
- Uludag University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Merve Erkısa
- Uludag University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Bursa, Turkey; Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazlihan Aztopal
- Uludag University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Bursa, Turkey; Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Karakas
- Uludag University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Bursa, Turkey; Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Alper
- Uludag University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Bursa, Turkey; Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Chrisiida Tsimplouli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Evangelia Sereti
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Dimas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Elif I Ikitimur Armutak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Gurel Gurevin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayca Uvez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mattia Mori
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Simone Berardozzi
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ingallina
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Ilaria D'Acquarica
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Bruno Botta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Engin Ulukaya
- Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Armutak-Ikitimur E, Gurel-Gurevin E, Kiyan H, Esener O, Aydinlik S, Uvez A, Dimas K, Ulukaya E. Chloroquine enhances the antiangiogenic effect of doxorubicin on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) in vivo. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61339-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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