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Geduk A, Oztas B, Eryılmaz BH, Demirsoy ET, Menguc MU, Unal S, Mersin S, Polat MG, Aygun K, Yenihayat EM, Albayrak H, Erol HA, Balcı S, Mehtap O, Tarkun P, Hacihanefioglu A. Correction to: Efects of AGEs, sRAGE and HMGB1 on Clinical Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2023; 39:518. [PMID: 37304480 PMCID: PMC10247911 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-023-01626-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12288-022-01574-6.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayfer Geduk
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 11.km, 41380 UmuttepeKocaeli, Turkey
| | - Berrin Oztas
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Baldan Huri Eryılmaz
- Department of İnternal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Esra Terzi Demirsoy
- Department of Hematology, Derince Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Meral U. Menguc
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Serkan Unal
- Department of Hematology, Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Sinan Mersin
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 11.km, 41380 UmuttepeKocaeli, Turkey
| | - Merve Gokcen Polat
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 11.km, 41380 UmuttepeKocaeli, Turkey
| | - Kemal Aygun
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 11.km, 41380 UmuttepeKocaeli, Turkey
| | - Emel Merve Yenihayat
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 11.km, 41380 UmuttepeKocaeli, Turkey
| | - Hayrunnisa Albayrak
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 11.km, 41380 UmuttepeKocaeli, Turkey
| | - Hasim Atakan Erol
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 11.km, 41380 UmuttepeKocaeli, Turkey
| | - Sibel Balcı
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Mehtap
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 11.km, 41380 UmuttepeKocaeli, Turkey
| | - Pinar Tarkun
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 11.km, 41380 UmuttepeKocaeli, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Hacihanefioglu
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, 11.km, 41380 UmuttepeKocaeli, Turkey
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Mehta Ö, Geduk A. Spontaneous Remission in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria: an Extremely Rare Case. Turk J Haematol 2022; 39:148-149. [PMID: 35176840 PMCID: PMC9160701 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2022.2021.0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Mehta
- Kocaeli University, Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ayfer Geduk
- Kocaeli University, Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Geduk A, Atesoglu EB, Mehtap O, Demirsoy ET, Menguc MU, Tarkun P, Hacihanefioglu A, Balcı S. Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Expression Level and Prognostic Significance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2021; 38:464-472. [DOI: 10.1007/s12288-021-01473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Ak MA, Sahip B, Geduk A, Ucar MA, Kale H, Hacibekiroglu T, Polat MG, Kalpakci Y, Bolaman AZ, Guvenc B, Ertop S. The Clinical Efficacy of Epoetin Alfa and Darbepoetin Alfa in Patients with Low-Risk or Intermediate-1-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Retrospective Multi-center Real-Life Study. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2021; 38:299-308. [PMID: 35496974 PMCID: PMC9001769 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-021-01458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of epoetin alfa and darbepoetin alfa in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) in the real-life setting. A total of 204 patients with low-risk or intermediate-1-risk MDS who received epoetin alfa or darbepoetin alfa were included. Hemoglobin levels and transfusion need were recorded before and during 12-month treatment. Hemoglobin levels were significantly higher at each follow up visit when compared to baseline levels in both epoetin alfa (mean ± SD 8.68 ± 1.0 g/dL at baseline vs. 9.83 ± 1.45, 9.99 ± 1.55, 10.24 ± 1.77 and 10.2 ± 1.5 g/dL, respectively) and darbepoetin alfa (8.83 ± 1.09 g/dL at baseline vs. 9.62 ± 1.37, 9.78 ± 1.49, 9.9 ± 1.39 and 10.1 ± 1.5 g/dL, respectively) groups (p < 0.001 for each). Transfusion need significantly decreased from baseline at each study visit in the epoetin alfa group (p < 0.001) and only at the 12th month visit (p < 0.001) in the darbepoetin alfa group. Hemoglobin levels or transfusion need was similar between treatment groups. Overall, 12-month response rate was 58.1% for epoetin alfa and 41.9% for darbepoetin alfa, with no significant difference between treatment groups, whereas higher response rate was noted within the first three months (62.7%) compared to next 9 months (ranged 44.4-60%) of treatment in the epoetin alfa group (p ranged 0.002 to < 0.001). This real-life retrospective study revealed similar efficacy of epoetin alfa and darbepoetin alfa among low risk or intermediate-1 risk MDS patients with no difference in treatment response between treatment groups, whereas a likelihood of earlier treatment response in the epoetin alfa group. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12288-021-01458-1.
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Gemici A, Ozkalemkas F, Dogu MH, Tekinalp A, Alacacioglu I, Guney T, Ince I, Geduk A, Cagliyan GA, Maral S, Serin I, Gunduz E, Karakus V, Bekoz HS, Eren R, Pinar IE, Gunes AK, Sargın FD, Sevindik OG. A Real-life Turkish Experience of Venetoclax Treatment in High-risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2021; 21:e686-e692. [PMID: 34059487 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Venetoclax is a selective B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) inhibitor, which is approved to treat elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in combination with either low-dose cytarabine (ARA-C) or hypomethylating agents. We aimed to collect and share data among the efficacy and safety of venetoclax both as a monotherapy or in combination with other drugs used to treat high-risk MDS or AML. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 patients with a median age of 67 (30-83) years from 14 different centers were included in the final analysis. Thirty (50%) of the patients were women; 6 (10%) of the 60 patients were diagnosed with high-risk MDS and the remaining were diagnosed with AML. RESULTS The best objective response rate (complete remission [CR], complete remission with incomplete hematological recovery (CRi), morphological leukemia-free state [MLFS], partial response [PR]) was 35% in the entire cohort. Best responses achieved during venetoclax per patient number were as follows: 7 CR, 1 CRi, 8 MLFS, 5 PR, and stable disease. Median overall survival achieved with venetoclax was 5 months in patients who relapsed and not achieved in patients who were initially treated with venetoclax. Nearly all patients (86.7%) had experienced a grade 2 or more hematologic toxicity. Some 36.7% of these patients had received granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) support. Infection, mainly pneumonia (26.7%), was the leading nonhematologic toxicity, and fatigue, diarrhea, and skin reactions were the others reported. CONCLUSION Our real-life data support the use of venetoclax in patients with both newly diagnosed and relapsed high-risk MDS and AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliihsan Gemici
- Department of Hematology, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | | | - Atakan Tekinalp
- Department of Hematology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Tekin Guney
- Department of Hematology, University of Medical Sciences, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Idris Ince
- Division of Hematology, Dr. Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Ayfer Geduk
- Department of Hematology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | | | - Senem Maral
- Division of Hematology, Diskapi Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Istemi Serin
- Division of Hematology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eren Gunduz
- Department of Hematology, Osman Gazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Volkan Karakus
- Department of Hematology, Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya, Turkey
| | | | - Rafet Eren
- Division of Hematology, Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Kursad Gunes
- Department of Hematology, University of Medical Sciences, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Salim O, Toptas T, Avsar E, Yucel OK, Ozturk E, Ferhanoglu B, Geduk A, Mehtap O, Tombak A, Tiftik EN, Deveci B, Kurtoglu E, Kara O, Atagunduz IK, Tuglular TF, Undar L. Azacitidine versus decitabine in patients with refractory anemia with excess blast—Results of multicenter study. Leuk Res 2016; 45:82-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Geduk A, Atesoglu EB, Tarkun P, Mehtap O, Hacihanefioglu A, Demirsoy ET, Baydemir C. The Role of β-Catenin in Bcr/Abl Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: An Immunohistochemical Study. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2015; 15:785-9. [PMID: 26422250 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2015.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION β-Catenin is a multifunctional protein that acts as a central effector molecule in the Wnt signaling pathway. Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway causes various diseases including cancer. In this study we evaluated β-catenin expression in bcr/abl-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of β-catenin was evaluated in bone marrow using immunohistochemical methods in 66 patients with bcr/abl-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and in 30 healthy control subjects. Immunreactive score (IRS; staining intensity × percentage of positive stained cells) was used for the evaluation of the cell staining reaction. RESULTS IRS of megakaryocytes (IRSmega) was higher in essential thrombocytemia (ET) compared with the control group (P = .022) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF; P = .001). IRS of vascular endothelial cells (IRSvas) was higher in the bcr/abl negative MPN compared with the control group (P = .024). Also, IRSvas was higher in the PMF compared with the control group (P = .001), policythemia vera (PV; P = .005), and ET (P = .006). A positive correlation was detected between IRSmega and platelet counts (P = .019). CONCLUSION Results of this study suggest that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has a role in the angiogenesis of PMF and in the thrombopoiesis of PV and ET. Hence, targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway could open new avenues for novel therapeutic approaches in bcr/abl-negative MPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayfer Geduk
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Elif B Atesoglu
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Pinar Tarkun
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Mehtap
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | | | - Esra T Demirsoy
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Canan Baydemir
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Balkan II, Savas A, Geduk A, Yemisen M, Mete B, Ozaras R. Candida glabrata perinephric abscess. Eurasian J Med 2015; 43:63-5. [PMID: 25610164 DOI: 10.5152/eajm.2011.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinephric abscess is a rare complication of urinary tract infections, and the etiology is usually a gram negative bacillus. We report a case of Candida glabrata perinephric abscess in a patient with diabetes mellitus who had a recent episode of pyelonephritis that was treated with antibiotics. Percutaneous drainage and fluconazole treatment led to resolution of the infection. Yeast perinephric abscess should be considered when symptoms of acute or chronic urinary tract infection occur in elderly and diabetic patients, especially patients who are unresponsive to antibacterial therapy. The clinical course is sometimes insidious. Imaging (contrast-enhanced CT or MRI) is required for diagnosis, and drainage is indicated for successful therapy. Adjuvant antifungal treatment is recommended based on the results of antifungal susceptibility tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker Inanc Balkan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arif Savas
- Department of 1st Internal Medicine, Bezmi Alem Valide Sultan Vakif Gureba Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayfer Geduk
- Department of 1st Internal Medicine, Bezmi Alem Valide Sultan Vakif Gureba Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mucahit Yemisen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilgul Mete
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Resat Ozaras
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abstract
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is a fatal, idiosyncratic drug reaction that is caused by aromatic antiepileptic drugs. This cutaneous drug reaction is also called pseudolymphoma because of its clinical and histological similarities with malignant lymphoma. The primary clinical findings are fever, skin rashes, enlarged lymph nodes, single or multiple internal organ involvement and hematological abnormalities. Typically, anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome occurs 1-8 weeks after drug administration. We herein present the case of a patient who had been on anticonvulsant therapy for five years and died from late-onset anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayfer Geduk
- Department of Hematology, Kocaeli University Medical Faculty, Turkey
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Birtas Atesoglu E, Tarkun P, Demirsoy ET, Geduk A, Mehtap O, Batman A, Kaya F, Cekmen MB, Gulbas Z, Hacıhanefioglu A. Soluble Programmed Death 1 (PD-1) Is Decreased in Patients With Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP): Potential Involvement of PD-1 Pathway in ITP Immunopathogenesis. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2014; 22:248-51. [PMID: 25510412 DOI: 10.1177/1076029614562952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by dysregulation of T cells. Programmed death (PD) 1 and programmed death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) are cosignaling molecules, and the major role of the PD-1 pathway is the inhibition of self-reactive T cells and to protect against autoimmune diseases. We measured levels of serum soluble PD 1 (sPD-1) and serum soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) in 67 patients with ITP (24 newly diagnosed ITP [ndITP], 43 chronic ITP [cITP]) and 21 healthy controls (HCs). We determined decreased serum sPD-1 levels both in patients with ndITP and in patients with cITP when compared to HC. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between sPD-1 levels and platelet counts. The sPD-L1 levels were decreased in patients with ndITP when compared to patients with cITP. This is the first study investigating PD-1 signaling pathway in ITP. Decreased sPD-1 levels may have a role in ITP pathogenesis as without the inhibitory regulation of PD-1, sustained activation of T cells may cause inflammatory responses which is the case in ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pinar Tarkun
- Department of Hematology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | | | - Ayfer Geduk
- Department of Hematology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Mehtap
- Department of Hematology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Adnan Batman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Fatih Kaya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | | | - Zafer Gulbas
- Hematology Department, Anadolu Medical Center Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Tarkun P, Atalay F, Atesoglu EB, Mehtap O, Simsek M, Terzi E, Geduk A, Balli F, Batman A, Baydemir C, Hacihanefioglu A. Treatment of patients with multiple myeloma over 65 yr: more tolerability or better response? Eur J Haematol 2014; 94:424-30. [PMID: 25220635 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Two-thirds of newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are over 65 yr and/or physically unfit. Such patients are not eligible for high-dose chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation. The treatment aims in these patients should be to prolong survival by obtaining the best possible response, while maintaining good tolerability. The aim of our study was to evaluate the response to treatment and treatment-related toxicities in patients treated with conventional and novel protocols. METHODS The records of 138 elderly (≥65 yr) patients with MM were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS The median overall survival(OS) of the patients was 46 months. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 18 months. The OS and PFS of the patients treated with the conventional protocols did not differ significantly from those treated with the novel protocols. The statistical analysis of the quality of the response to the treatment with the conventional and novel therapies showed that complete remission (CR), combined with a very good partial response (VGPR), was significantly higher in the latter. However, the toxicities were higher in the novel treatment group. CONCLUSION The novel drug protocols significantly increased the quality of the responses of elderly patients with MM to therapy, but they did not increase the patients' tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Tarkun
- Department of Hematology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Tarkun P, Mehtap O, Atesoğlu EB, Geduk A, Musul MM, Hacihanefioglu A. Serum hepcidin and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) levels in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia. Eur J Haematol 2013; 91:228-235. [PMID: 23731455 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepcidin plays a regulatory role in systemic iron homeostasis. GDF-15 has been found to be expressed from matured erythroblasts and very high levels of GDF-15 suppresses hepcidin secretion. In this study, we evaluated hepcidin and GDF-15 levels in polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET). METHODS The study included 29 patients and 21 healthy controls. The patient group included 13 patients with ET and 16 patients with PV. Serum hepcidin and GDF-15 levels were measured at the time of diagnosis, before the initiation of any therapy. RESULTS Hepcidin levels did not differ significantly in patients with chronic myeloproliferative disease (CMPD) and healthy controls. However, GDF-15 levels were significantly increased in patients with CMPD (P = 0.038). No difference could be found between patients with PV and ET in terms of hepcidin and GDF-15 levels. Patients with JAK2-V617F mutation had increased GDF-15 levels when compared with patients without this mutation (P: 0.006). CONCLUSIONS The levels of GDF-15 were higher in CMPD, which are characterized by increased erythropoiesis, and this effect was more pronounced particularly in individuals with JAK2-V617F mutation. Hepcidin levels were not suppressed despite the increased erythroid activity and GDF-15 levels may be protective against the clinical complications of the disease such as thrombosis. This study revealed that, hepcidin levels were not suppressed despite increased erythroid activity and high GDF-15 levels in CMPD. We hypothesized that, this may be an attempt to prevent further amplification of erythropoietic activity by reducing iron utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Tarkun
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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