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Phungula A, Waddad AY, Fernandez Leyes MD, Di Gianvincenzo P, Espuche B, Zuffi S, Moya SE, Albericio F, de la Torre BG. Self-assembly of NrTP6 cell-penetrating lipo-peptide with variable number of lipid chains: Impact of phosphate ions on lipid association. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 654:124-133. [PMID: 37837849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Lipopeptides synthesized from the Nucleolar Targeting Peptide (NrTP6) with one, two or four dodecanoic fatty acid (FA) chains, display large head to tail volumes, which together with the number of lipid chains per molecule, impacts their self-assembly behavior. In phosphate buffer (PB), peptide to peptide interactions are triggered by the presence of phosphate ions that act as ionic crosslinkers, affecting the organization of the lipid assemblies. EXPERIMENTAL The NrTP6 lipopeptides were synthesized by the solid phase peptide synthesis technique. The critical micellar concentration (CMC) of the lipopeptides was determined in water and PB by pyrene fluorescence. The size and morphology of lipopeptide assemblies were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Circular dichroism (CD) was used to study the secondary structures of the lipopeptide assemblies. RESULTS For NrTP6 lipopeptides with two and four lipid chains, CMCs in water are larger than in PB. TEM images of the lipopeptide assemblies show different morphologies including fibers, rods, and spheres depending on the number of lipid chains, concentration and whether they are assembled in water or PB. CD spectroscopy shows that the peptide conformation, either random or beta, correlates with the morphology of the assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Phungula
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; Soft Matter Nanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, San-Sebastian 20010, Spain
| | - Ayman Y Waddad
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Marcos Daniel Fernandez Leyes
- Soft Matter Nanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, San-Sebastian 20010, Spain; Instituto de Fisica del Sur (IFISUR-CONICET), Av. Alem 1253, Bahia Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | | | - Bruno Espuche
- Soft Matter Nanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, San-Sebastian 20010, Spain; POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - Sofia Zuffi
- Soft Matter Nanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, San-Sebastian 20010, Spain
| | - Sergio Enrique Moya
- Soft Matter Nanotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, San-Sebastian 20010, Spain.
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; CIBER-BBN and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08001, Spain
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; KRISP, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa.
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Mhlongo JT, Waddad AY, Albericio F, de la Torre BG. Antimicrobial Peptide Synergies for Fighting Infectious Diseases. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2300472. [PMID: 37407512 PMCID: PMC10502873 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential elements of thehost defense system. Characterized by heterogenous structures and broad-spectrumaction, they are promising candidates for combating multidrug resistance. Thecombined use of AMPs with other antimicrobial agents provides a new arsenal ofdrugs with synergistic action, thereby overcoming the drawback of monotherapiesduring infections. AMPs kill microbes via pore formation, thus inhibitingintracellular functions. This mechanism of action by AMPs is an advantage overantibiotics as it hinders the development of drug resistance. The synergisticeffect of AMPs will allow the repurposing of conventional antimicrobials andenhance their clinical outcomes, reduce toxicity, and, most significantly,prevent the development of resistance. In this review, various synergies ofAMPs with antimicrobials and miscellaneous agents are discussed. The effect ofstructural diversity and chemical modification on AMP properties is firstaddressed and then different combinations that can lead to synergistic action,whether this combination is between AMPs and antimicrobials, or AMPs andmiscellaneous compounds, are attended. This review can serve as guidance whenredesigning and repurposing the use of AMPs in combination with other antimicrobialagents for enhanced clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica T. Mhlongo
- KwaZulu‐Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP)School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalDurban4041South Africa
- Peptide Science LaboratorySchool of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalWestvilleDurban4000South Africa
| | - Ayman Y. Waddad
- Peptide Science LaboratorySchool of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalWestvilleDurban4000South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science LaboratorySchool of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalWestvilleDurban4000South Africa
- CIBER‐BBNNetworking Centre on BioengineeringBiomaterials and Nanomedicineand Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelona08028Spain
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- KwaZulu‐Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP)School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalDurban4041South Africa
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Chetty T, Mhlongo JT, Waddad AY, Albericio F, de la Torre BG. Novel CA(1-7)M(2-9) Analogs: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Evaluation. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1370-1377. [PMID: 35978681 PMCID: PMC9377004 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid peptides from cecropin A and melittin have attracted the interest of the research community for decades. Here we synthesized several new analogs of the pentadecapeptide CA(1-7)M(2-9) and studied their antibacterial and hemolytic activity and tryptic stability. Single substitution of the Lys residues by Arg did not have a significant impact on the antibacterial activity of these analogs, but the substitution of the five Lys residues by Arg resulted in an increment in hemolytic activity. In contrast, the substitution of Lys residues by Orn conserved the antibacterial activity, with even lower hemolysis, and improved the enzymatic stability. The disulfide cyclic version of CA(1-7)M(2-9) was obtained by adding a Cys residue to each end of the peptide and carrying out a chemoselective thiol-disulfide interchange using sec-isoamylmecaptan as protecting group of one of these residues. This cyclic peptide showed good antibacterial activity with low hemolysis and improved enzymatic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Chetty
- Peptide
Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South
Africa
| | - Jessica T. Mhlongo
- Peptide
Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South
Africa
- KwaZulu-Natal
Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory
Medicine & Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South
Africa
| | - Ayman Y. Waddad
- Peptide
Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South
Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide
Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South
Africa
- Institute
for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN,
Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine,
and Department of Organic Chemistry, University
of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- KwaZulu-Natal
Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory
Medicine & Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South
Africa
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Devnarain N, Waddad AY, de la Torre BG, Albericio F, Govender T. Novel Biomimetic Human TLR2-Derived Peptides for Potential Targeting of Lipoteichoic Acid: An In Silico Assessment. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9081063. [PMID: 34440267 PMCID: PMC8391229 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most significant threats to health and economy around the globe and has been compounded by the emergence of COVID-19, raising important consequences for antimicrobial resistance development. Contrary to conventional targeting approaches, the use of biomimetic application via nanoparticles for enhanced cellular targeting, cell penetration and localized antibiotic delivery has been highlighted as a superior approach to identify novel targeting ligands for combatting antimicrobial resistance. Gram-positive bacterial cell walls contain lipoteichoic acid (LTA), which binds specifically to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) on human macrophages. This phenomenon has the potential to be exploited for the design of biomimetic peptides for antibacterial application. In this study, we have derived peptides from sequences present in human TLR2 that bind to LTA with high affinity. In silico approaches including molecular modelling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and thermodynamics have enabled the identification of these crucial binding amino acids, the design of four novel biomimetic TLR2-derived peptides and their LTA binding potential. The outcomes of this study have revealed that one of these novel peptides binds to LTA more strongly and stably than the other three peptides and has the potential to enhance LTA targeting and bacterial cell penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Devnarain
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
| | - Ayman Y. Waddad
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
- Correspondence: (A.Y.W.); (T.G.); Tel.: +27-31-260-7367 (A.Y.W.); +27-31-260-7357 (T.G.)
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- KRISP, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
- Correspondence: (A.Y.W.); (T.G.); Tel.: +27-31-260-7367 (A.Y.W.); +27-31-260-7357 (T.G.)
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Salih M, Walvekar P, Omolo CA, Elrashedy AA, Devnarain N, Fasiku V, Waddad AY, Mocktar C, Govender T. A self-assembled polymer therapeutic for simultaneously enhancing solubility and antimicrobial activity and lowering serum albumin binding of fusidic acid. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:6567-6584. [PMID: 32772814 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1803140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The global antimicrobial resistance crisis has prompted worldwide efforts to develop new and more efficient antimicrobial compounds, as well as to develop new drug delivery strategies and targeting mechanisms. This study aimed to synthesize a novel polyethylene glycol-fusidic acid (PEG-FA) conjugate for self-assembly into nano-sized structures and explore its potential for simultaneously enhancing aqueous solubility and antibacterial activity of FA. In addition, the ability of PEG-FA to bind to HSA with lower affinity than FA is also investigated. Haemolysis and in vitro cytotoxicity studies confirmed superior biosafety of the novel PEG-FA compared to FA. The water solubility of FA after PEG conjugation was increased by 25-fold compared to the bare drug. PEG-FA nanoparticles displayed particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 149.3 ± 0.21 nm, 0.267 ± 0.01 and 5.97 ± 1.03 mV, respectively. Morphology studies using high-resolution transmission electron microscope revealed a homogenous spherical shape of the PEG-FA nanoparticles. In silico studies showed that Van der Waals forces facilitated PEG-FA self-assembly. HSA binding studies showed that PEG-FA had very weak or no interaction with HSA using in silico molecular docking (-2.93 kcal/mol) and microscale thermophoresis (Kd=14999 ± 1.36 µM), which may prevent bilirubin displacement. Conjugation with PEG did not inhibit the antibacterial activity of FA but rather enhanced it by 2.5-fold against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, compared to the bare FA. These results show that PEG-FA can simultaneously enhance solubility and antibacterial activity of FA, whilst also reducing binding of HSA to decrease its side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Salih
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Pavan Walvekar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Elrashedy
- School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nikita Devnarain
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Victoria Fasiku
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ayman Y Waddad
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Osman N, Omolo CA, Gannimani R, Waddad AY, Rambharose S, Mocktar C, Singh S, Parboosing R, Govender T. Novel fatty acid-based pH-responsive nanostructured lipid carriers for enhancing antibacterial delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Makhathini SS, Kalhapure RS, Jadhav M, Waddad AY, Gannimani R, Omolo CA, Rambharose S, Mocktar C, Govender T. Novel two-chain fatty acid-based lipids for development of vancomycin pH-responsive liposomes against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). J Drug Target 2019; 27:1094-1107. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2019.1599380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sifiso S. Makhathini
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Rahul S. Kalhapure
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Mahantesh Jadhav
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ayman Y. Waddad
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ramesh Gannimani
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Calvin A. Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sanjeev Rambharose
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Hassan D, Omolo CA, Gannimani R, Waddad AY, Mocktar C, Rambharose S, Agrawal N, Govender T. Delivery of novel vancomycin nanoplexes for combating methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Int J Pharm 2019; 558:143-156. [PMID: 30641177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel antibiotic systems is needed to address the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. The aim of the study was to explore the novel nanoplex delivery method for vancomycin (VCM) against MRSA using dextran sulfate sodium salt (DXT) as a polyelectrolyte complexing agent. Nanoplexes were formulated by the self-assembling amphiphile polyelectrolyte complexation method and characterized. The size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) of the optimized VCM nanoplexes were 84.6 ± 4.248 nm, 0.449 ± 0.024 and -33.0 ± 4.87 mV respectively, with 90.4 ± 0.77% complexation efficiency (CE %) and 62.3 ± 0.23% drug loading. The in vitro (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)tetrazolium (MTT) studies of the nanoplexes were found to be non-toxic against different mammalian cell lines tested and may confirm its biosafety. While the in vitro drug release studies demonstrated sustained slower release. The in silico study confirmed the spontaneous interaction of VCM with DXT in the presence of sodium chloride. A 6.24-fold enhancement was observed for VCM nanoplexes via in vitro antibacterial studies. Flow-cytometric analysis showed effective cell killing of 67% from VCM nanoplexes compared to 32.98% from the bare vancomycin at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.25 μg/mL. The in vivo studies using BALB/c mouse skin infection model revealed that nanoplexes reduced MRSA burden by 2.3-folds compared to bare VCM. The novel nanoplexes have potential to be a promising delivery system to combat MRSA infections for improved treatment of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hassan
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ramesh Gannimani
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ayman Y Waddad
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Chunderika Mocktar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sanjeev Rambharose
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa; Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nikhil Agrawal
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
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Abbad S, Zhang Z, Waddad AY, Munyendo WLL, Lv H, Zhou J. Chitosan-Modified Cationic Amino Acid Nanoparticles as a Novel Oral Delivery System for Insulin. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2015; 11:486-99. [PMID: 26307831 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2015.1924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, chitosan-modified basic amino acid derivatives were explored as novel absorption enhancers and nanocarriers for oral insulin delivery. N-Arginine-chitosan (ACS) and N-histidine-chitosan (HCS) were successfully synthesized, and their polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) with insulin were formed by the ordinary self-assembly method. The obtained PECs exhibited a spherical morphology with a narrow size of 205-303 nm, positive surface charge (ζ potential + 14- + 27 mV) and encapsulation efficiency of approximately 80%. The electrostatic interactions between chitosan derivatives and insulin were confirmed by molecular modeling simulation. In vitro studies demonstrated that PECs could partially protect insulin from proteolysis and degradation at 50 degrees C for at least 6 h. Compared with the insulin solution, internalization of PECs into Caco-2 cells was increased by up to 20.7-fold. Moreover, permeability was enhanced as the degrees of substitution of arginine and histidine increased. The PECs had in vivo pharmacological activities of 2.29%-5.39%, with a significant reduction of blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. These results suggested that ACS and HCS PECs hold promising potential for the oral delivery of insulin, peptides and proteins.
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Munyendo WLL, Zhang Z, Abbad S, Waddad AY, Lv H, Baraza LD, Zhou J. Micelles of TPGS Modified Apigenin Phospholipid Complex for Oral Administration: Preparation, In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2013; 9:2034-47. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2013.1704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Waddad AY, Abbad S, Yu F, Munyendo WL, Wang J, Lv H, Zhou J. Formulation, characterization and pharmacokinetics of Morin hydrate niosomes prepared from various non-ionic surfactants. Int J Pharm 2013; 456:446-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yu F, He C, Waddad AY, Munyendo WLL, Lv H, Zhou J, Zhang Q. N-octyl-N-arginine-chitosan (OACS) micelles for gambogic acid oral delivery: preparation, characterization and its study on in situ intestinal perfusion. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:774-82. [PMID: 23679668 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.786723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gambogic acid (GA) can inhibit the growth of various cancer cells. However, the low bioavailability caused by insolubility, limits its clinical application. L-arginine is always used with GA to form a complex to obtain the higher solubility. Moreover, guanidyl group from arginine, which can facilitate the cellular uptake, was identified. OBJECTIVE In this study, L-arginine and chitosan (CS) were used for the first time to prepare N-octyl-N-arginine CS (OACS), a novel amphiphilic carrier for GA with solubility- and absorption-enhancing functions; the characterization of the GA loaded OACS micelles (GA-OACS) and its absorption-enhancing effect were also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS GA-OACS were prepared by the dialysis method. The formed micelles were characterized and evaluated by atomic force microscope (AFM), dynamic light scattering, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), solubility test, in vitro release and in situ intestinal perfusion. RESULTS The GA-OACS micelles were successfully prepared attaining a 35.3% drug loading and 82.2% entrapment efficiency. GA-OACS had a homogeneous particle size of 160.3 nm; +21.8 mv zeta potential with smooth continuous surface was observed by using AFM. DSC diagram suggested that GA was encapsulated in the micelles. Meanwhile, GA encapsulated in micelles exhibited a desirable slow release in vitro experiment. The solubility of GA in OACS micelles was increased up to 3.16 ± 0.13 mg/mL, 2320 times than that of free GA. The single pass perfusion showed that the absorption of GA-OACS micelles was enhanced 3.6-fold, 2.1-fold and 2.2-fold for jejunum, ileum and colon, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION OACS provided excellent ability of drug loading, increasing solubility and enhanced absorption for GA, which indicated that OACS micelles as an oral drug delivery carrier may have potential research and application values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
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13
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Zhang ZH, Abbad S, Pan RR, Waddad AY, Hou LL, Lv HX, Zhou JP. N-octyl-N-Arginine chitosan micelles as an oral delivery system of insulin. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2013; 9:601-9. [PMID: 23621018 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2013.1572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
N-octyl-N-Arginine chitosan (OACS) was synthesized in an attempt to combine the permeation enhancing effects of arginine-rich peptides and the drug loading capacity of the amphipathic polymers for insulin oral delivery. OACS self-assembled micelles of insulin were prepared by the conventional stirring technique, which were characterized by Dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Molecular docking by Discovery studio software confirmed that the interactions between OACS and insulin were mostly electrostatic in nature. In vitro, the result of the degradation experiment by enzyme showed that the OACS has a relative protective effect for insulin from proteolyses. Compared to the insulin solution, OACS micelles increased the Caco-2 cell's internalization by up to 22.3 folds. In vivo, the pharmacological activity PA% of series OACS-insulin micelles ranged from 7.7%-16.8%. Meanwhile by increasing arginine degree of the substitution both the uptake in Caco-2 cells and the hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats were enhanced. Therefore, it is concluded that using arginine polymeric micelles for the enhancement of oral insulin delivery is a promising approach for the oral peptide delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, No. 100 Shizi Road, Nanjing, 210028, China
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Wang X, Lv H, Waddad AY, Yu F, Zhou J. [Study on intestinal absorption kinetics of gambogic acid in rats]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2012; 37:2079-2083. [PMID: 23126188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the intestinal absorption kinetics of gambogic acid (GA) in rats. METHOD In situ single-way intestinal perfusion model was established to study the intestinal absorption kinetics of GA in different absorption segments, and the concentration of GA in the perfusate was determined by HPLC. The effect of drug concentrations on intestinal absorption was also detected. RESULT GA showed a higher absorption rate than other intestinal segments (P < 0.05) and kept unchanged in duodenum after addition in drug concentration. CONCLUSION GA can be absorbed in all intestinal segments in rats with the higher absorption rate in duodenum. Its mechanism is passive diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics of China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Lv HX, Zhang ZH, Waddad AY, Zhou JP. Preparation, physicochemical characteristics and bioavailability studies of an atorvastatin hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin complex. Pharmazie 2012; 67:46-53. [PMID: 22393830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the solubility, stability and bioavailability of amorphous atorvastatin calcium (AT) by complexing it with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. The formation of the inclusion complexation was identified by molecular modeling, phase solubility diagrams, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray powder diffractometry. Orally Disintegrating Tablets (ODT) were then manufactured by direct compression. Apart from improved stability compared to pure AT, disintegration time of 27s, hardness of 5 kg and favorable mouth feel were achieved. In vitro dissolution tests of the ODT of AT inclusion complex exhibited higher dissolution rates than those with pure drug and the commercial tablet Lipitor. In vivo bioavailability studies in rats also showed shorter T(max), higher C(max) and increased AUC of 4.42 and 1.86 fold compared to the plain drug ODT and Lipitor. These results strongly suggest to use HP-beta-CD to improve the physicochemical characteristics and bioavailability of AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu-Xia Lv
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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