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Akomeah E, Morales-Marın LA, Carr M, Sadeghian A, Lindenschmidt KE. The impacts of changing climate and streamflow on nutrient speciation in a large Prairie reservoir. J Environ Manage 2021; 288:112262. [PMID: 33756384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate mediated warming water temperature, drought and extreme flooding are projected to shift the phenology of nutrients in receiving lakes and reservoirs further intensifying eutrophication and algal blooms, especially in temperate reservoirs. An emerging issue in reservoir management is the prediction of climate change impacts, a necessity for sound decision making and sustainable management. Lake Diefenbaker is a large multipurpose reservoir in the Canadian Prairies. In this study, the impact of climate change on nutrient speciation in Lake Diefenbaker is examined using loosely linked SpAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) and CE-QUAL-W2 models. Two climate mediated scenarios, RCP 8.5 representing the most extreme climate change, and climate induced streamflow were modelled. Nutrient levels are anticipated to double under the climate change and streamflow scenarios. Winter and spring were identified as hot moments for nitrogen pollution with a plausible saturation of nitrous oxides in the future. Of concern is a plausible recycling of nitrate through dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium. Summer and fall on the other hand represent the period for phosphorus enrichment and internal loading with a probable succession of cyanobacteria in the summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Akomeah
- University of Saskatchewan, 11 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3H5, Canada.
| | - L A Morales-Marın
- Canadian Centre for Meteorological and Environmental Prediction, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 2121 TransCanada Highway, Dorval, QC, H9P 1J3, Canada
| | - M Carr
- Minnow Environmental Inc., 2750 Faithfull Ave # 110, Saskatoon, SK, S7K 6M6, Canada
| | - A Sadeghian
- Golder Associates, 700 2 St SW #2800, Calgary, AB, T2P 2W2, Canada
| | - K E Lindenschmidt
- University of Saskatchewan, 11 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3H5, Canada
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Sadeghian A, Salari Z, Azizi H, Raoufy MR, Shojaei A, Kosarmadar N, Zare M, Rezaei M, Barkley V, Javan M, Fathollahi Y, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. The role of dopamine D 2-like receptors in a "depotentiation-like effect" of deep brain stimulation in kindled rats. Brain Res 2020; 1738:146820. [PMID: 32251663 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms involved in the anti-seizure effects of low-frequency stimulation (LFS) have not been completely determined. However, Gi-protein-coupled receptors, including D2-like receptors, may have a role in mediating these effects. In the present study, the role of D2-like receptors in LFS' anti-seizure action was investigated. Rats were kindled with semi-rapid (6 stimulations per day), electrical stimulation of the hippocampal CA1 area. In LFS-treated groups, subjects received four trials of LFS at 5 min, 6 h, 24 h, and 30 h following the last kindling stimulation. Each LFS set occurred at 5 min intervals, and consisted of 4 trains. Each train contained 200, 0/1 ms long, monophasic square wave pulses at 1 Hz. Haloperidol (D2-like receptors antagonist, 2 µm) and/or bromocriptine (D2-like receptors agonist 2 µg/µlit) were microinjected into the lateral ventricle immediately after the last kindling, before applying LFS. Obtained results showed that applying LFS in fully-kindled subjects led to a depotentiation-like decrease in kindling-induced potentiation and reduced the amplitude and rise slope of excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic currents in whole-cell recordings from CA1 pyramidal neurons. In addition, LFS restored the kindling-induced, spatial learning and memory impairments in the Barnes maze test. A D2-like receptor antagonist inhibited these effects of LFS, while a D2-like receptor agonist mimicked these effects. In conclusion, a depotentiation-like mechanism may be involved in restoring LFS' effects on learning and memory, and synaptic plasticity. These effects depend on D2-like receptors activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Sadeghian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Salari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Raoufy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Kosarmadar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Zare
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Brain Sciences and Cognition, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Sadeghian A, Fathollahi Y, Javan M, Shojaei A, Kosarmadar N, Rezaei M, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. Spatial Learning and Memory in Barnes Maze Test and Synaptic Potentiation in Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Synapses of Dorsal Hippocampus in Freely Moving Rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 2019; 10:461-468. [PMID: 32284835 PMCID: PMC7149949 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.9.10.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Synaptic plasticity has been suggested as the primary physiological mechanism underlying memory formation. Many experimental approaches have been used to investigate whether the mechanisms underlying Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) are activated during learning. Nevertheless, little evidence states that hippocampal-dependent learning triggers synaptic plasticity. In this study, we investigated if learning and memory in the Barnes maze test are accompanied by the occurrence of LTP in Schaffer collateral to CA1 synapses in freely moving rats. Methods The rats were implanted with a recording electrode in stratum radiatum and stimulating electrodes in Schaffer collaterals of the CA1 region in the dorsal hippocampus of the right hemisphere. Following the recovery period of at least 10 days, field potentials were recorded in freely moving animals before and after training them in Barnes maze as a hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory test. The slope of extracellular field Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials (fEPSPs) was measured before and after the Barnes maze test. Results The results showed that the fEPSP slope did not change after learning and memory in the Barnes maze test, and this spatial learning did not result in a change in synaptic potentiation in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Conclusion Spatial learning and memory in the Barnes maze test are not accompanied by LTP induction in Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Sadeghian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Kosarmadar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rezaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Sadeghian F, Sadeghian A, Raei M, Kasaeian A. Musculoskeletal Disorders among Oil Field Workers: Influences of Health Beliefs, Mental Health and Somatisation Tendency. J of Medical Sciences 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2012.114.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kiasalari Z, Khalili M, Roghani M, Sadeghian A. Antiepileptic and Antioxidant Effect of Brassica nigra on Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Kindling in Mice. Iran J Pharm Res 2012; 11:1209-17. [PMID: 24250555 PMCID: PMC3813178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Considering the high rate of epilepsy today, with respect to the insufficiency of the available therapies, new strategies and methods are recommended for medical treatment of epileptic patients. Therefore, the present study experimentally investigated the anticonvulsant effect of a herbal medicine candidate brassica nigra, by using kindling method. Sixty male mice were randomly selected and divided into six experimental groups (n = 10) including: 1-control, 2-pentylentetrazole (PTZ)-kindled mice, 3-positive control group received valproate (100 mg/Kg) as anti-convulsant drug, 4-5 and 6 received brassica nigra seed extract in three doses (75, 150 and 300 mg/Kg; IP). All groups except for the control ones were kindled by 11 period injections of PTZ (35 mg/Kg; IP). In the 12th injection, all groups except for the control group were tested for PTZ challenge dose (75 mg/Kg). However, the exhibited phases of seizure (0-6) were observed and noted till 30 min after the PTZ injection. At last, the brains of all the mice were removed and then malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) levels of the brain tissues were determined. Statistical analysis of the data shows that the seed extract could reduce the intensity, improvement and duration of seizure. In addition, the brassica nigra extract increased the SOD and NO levels and decreased the MDA level in the brain tissues. Attained results show that the extract of Brassica nigra seed can be used in grand mal seizure treatment. Moreover, the antiepileptic effect of this extract is probably caused by its antioxidant properties and acts via enzyme activity mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kiasalari
- Department of Physiology and Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran .,Herbal Medicine Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Khalili
- Department of Physiology and Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran .,Herbal Medicine Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. ,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Department of Physiology and Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran .,Herbal Medicine Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azam Sadeghian
- Department of Physiology and Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran .
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Sadeghian A, Lavers J. Dynamic reconstruction of nonlinear characteristic in electric arc furnaces using adaptive neuro-fuzzy rule-based networks. Appl Soft Comput 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2010.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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