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Manohar B, Meena V, Metgud R, Bhuvaneshwari S, Humagain M. Capillary Haemangioma of Gingiva - A Rare Lesion. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2023; 21:94-97. [PMID: 37800434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Capillary Haemangioma is a benign vascular tumour characterized by proliferation of blood vessels with a very striking similarity to pyogenic granuloma with a predilection to occur on the gingiva. Though the head and neck are the most common region of occurrence, but is considered to be rare occurring on the gingiva, intra-orally. The lesion clinically mimicked pyogenic granuloma but was histopathologically diagnosed as capillary haemangioma. It was surgically excised and followed up for 6 months without any recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Manohar
- Department of Periodontology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - V Meena
- Periodontist Dental Speciality Centre, Trauma and Gum Care Clinic, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - R Metgud
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Pathology, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Debari, Udaipur 313024, India
| | - S Bhuvaneshwari
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - M Humagain
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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Manohar B, Ranjitha RS, Bhuvaneshwari S, Awasthi R, Humagain M. Dental Negligence: Accidental Administration of Formalin Instead of Local Anesthetic. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2021; 19:155-157. [PMID: 34812178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A solution like formalin used as a fixative has to be handled with lot of care and needs to be stored with utmost care. Negligence on part of the dental professional by accidentally injecting formalin instead of the local anesthetic can lead to permanent tissue damage and also may induce a life threatening situation. The operating dentist injected formalin accidentally instead of the local anesthetic and the patient experienced severe pain and burning sensation. The general practice of formalin being stored in the local anesthetic bottles and being assisted by untrained assistant is the most common reason for mishaps to happen. The dentist operating should be careful and aware of the drugs and chemicals being available in the operatory and re-check the solution being injected in the patient as to not land up in complications because of the negligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Manohar
- Department of Periodontology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - R S Ranjitha
- Oral and Maxillo-facial Surgeon, Smileinn Dental Centre, Kuwait
| | - S Bhuvaneshwari
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences (KIDS), KIIT Deemed to be University, Campus-5, Patia, Bhubaneswar 751024
| | - R Awasthi
- Department of Periodontology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - M Humagain
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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Praharaj I, Benny B, Soumya R, Hemavathi G, Giri S, Reddy S, Zondervenni Z, Manohar B, Lopman B, Kang G. Enteric virus detection from acute gastroenteritis cases in a tertiary care hospital before and after rotavirus vaccine introduction, India: 2012–2019. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Devani VR, Manohar B, Humagain M, Shetty N. Tooth -A Potential Graft Material for Periodontal Regeneration ? Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2020; 18:93-95. [PMID: 33582696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Use of tooth as a promising replacement substitute has been validated by various animal as well as human studies. Though widely used in GBR and Sinus grafting techniques, its use in periodontal intrabony defect is not documented. In the present case report, the tooth graft has been placed in periodontal intrabony defect. Postoperative CBCT after 26 weeks revealed homogeneous incorporation of tooth graft. Clinical parameters show bone fill. However; results with larger sample size could further validate the use of tooth graft in periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Devani
- Department of Periodontology, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Debari, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313024, India
| | - B Manohar
- Department of Periodontology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences KIIT Deemed to be University Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - M Humagain
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - N Shetty
- Department of Periodontology, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Debari, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313024, India
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Devani VR, Manohar B. Cervical Enamel Projection - A Rare Case Report with its Management. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2019; 17:145-147. [PMID: 32632064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A developmental anomaly like cervical enamel projection is a rare finding in the maxillary anterior region. Its ectopic presence attracts attention in literature. This type of anomaly is typically found in the furcation region of molars. The case report presented here deals with the ectopic presence of combined anomalous lesion and its management. A 18 year old male presented with pronounced bilobed cingulum extending as a cervical enamel projection on the maxillary right lateral incisor associated with pain, exudation and difficulty in mastication. Enameloplasty and regenerative procedure was performed. The possible etiology, its management and healing evaluated by CBCT are presented in this report. One year follow up showed satisfactory healing with no recurrence of abscess.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Devani
- Department of Periodontology, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Debari, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313024, India
| | - B Manohar
- Department of Periodontology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
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Giri S, Nair NP, Mathew A, Manohar B, Simon A, Singh T, Suresh Kumar S, Mathew MA, Babji S, Arora R, Girish Kumar CP, Venkatasubramanian S, Mehendale S, Gupte MD, Kang G. Rotavirus gastroenteritis in Indian children < 5 years hospitalized for diarrhoea, 2012 to 2016. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:69. [PMID: 30646867 PMCID: PMC6334384 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In 2016, the Government of India introduced the oral rotavirus vaccine (ROTAVAC, Bharat Biotech, India) in 4 states of India as part of the Universal Immunization Programme, and expanded to 5 more states in 2017. We report four years of data on rotavirus gastroenteritis in hospitalized children < 5 years of age prior to vaccine introduction. Methods Children from 7 sites in southern and northern India hospitalized for diarrhoea were recruited between July 2012 and June 2016. Stool samples were screened for rotavirus using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The EIA positive samples were genotyped by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results Of the 5834 samples from the 7 sites, 2069 (35.5%) were positive for rotavirus by EIA. Genotyping was performed for 2010 (97.1%) samples. G1P[8](56.3%), G2P[4](9.1%), G9P[4](7.6%), G9P[8](4.2%), and G12P[6](3.7%) were the common genotypes in southern India and G1P[8](36%), G9P[4](11.4%), G2P[4](11.2%), G12P[6](8.4%), and G3P[8](5.9%) in northern India. Conclusions The study highlights the high prevalence of rotavirus gastroenteritis in India and the diversity of rotavirus genotypes across different geographical regions. Pre- vaccine surveillance data is necessary to evaluate the potential change in admission rates for gastroenteritis and circulating rotavirus genotypes after vaccine introduction, thus assessing impact. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-6406-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhartha Giri
- Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nayana P Nair
- Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ann Mathew
- Department of Paediatrics, St. Stephen's Hospital, Tis Hazari, New Delhi, India
| | - B Manohar
- Department of Paediatrics, SV Medical College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Anna Simon
- Department of Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tejinder Singh
- Department of Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - S Suresh Kumar
- Punjagutta, Pragna Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - M A Mathew
- Department of Paediatrics, Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church Medical College, Kolenchery, Kerala, India
| | - Sudhir Babji
- Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rashmi Arora
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.,Present address: Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, India
| | | | | | | | - Mohan D Gupte
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Gagandeep Kang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. .,Present address: Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, India.
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Manohar B, Humagain M. Periodontal Disease - Is Prevention Possible ? Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2018; 16:275-276. [PMID: 31729337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Manohar
- Dept of Periodontology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, India
| | - M Humagain
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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Shashidhar GM, Kumar SS, Giridhar P, Manohar B. Antioxidant and Cholesterol Esterase Inhibitory Properties of Supplementation with Coconut Water in Submerged Cultivation of the Medicinal Chinese Caterpillar Mushroom, Ophiocordyceps sinensis CS1197 (Ascomycetes). Int J Med Mushrooms 2018; 19:337-345. [PMID: 28605322 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.v19.i4.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the potential use of coconut water to supplement potato dextrose broth (PDB) in the production of Ophiocordyceps sinensis CS1197 by submerged cultivation. The basal PDB medium was modified by supplementation with tender coconut water (TCW) and mature coconut water (MCW) at 10% and 5% (v/v), respectively; these mixtures were cultured at 28°C for 14 days, with a pH of 7 and an inoculum volume of 10%. The addition of optimized levels of TCW and MCW improved the biomass yield by 2.2- and 2.5-fold, respectively, and adenosine, cordycepin, and polysaccharide content by 58% and 69%, 50% and 55%, and 19% and 27%, respectively. Antioxidant and cholesterol esterase (CE) inhibitory activities of the aqueous extract from O. sinensis CS1197 mycelia supplemented with TCW and MCW were high compared with those of the control, indicating that coconut water has a positive correlation with the enhanced antioxidant and CE inhibitory activities. These antioxidant and CE inhibitory responses were dependent on concentration, and the larger amounts of bioactives in O. sinensis CS1197 are beneficial in pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Shashidhar
- Food Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
| | - S Sravan Kumar
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
| | - P Giridhar
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
| | - B Manohar
- Food Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
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Shashidhar G, Manohar B. Nanocharacterization of liposomes for the encapsulation of water soluble compounds from Cordyceps sinensis CS1197 by a supercritical gas anti-solvent technique. RSC Adv 2018; 8:34634-34649. [PMID: 35548621 PMCID: PMC9086942 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07601d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-liposomes were designed for the sustained release of water soluble compounds from C. sinensis CS1197 using a supercritical gas anti-solvent (SC-GAS) method at various pressures, temperatures and Tween 80 concentrations. The SC-GAS method was compared to the Bangham method of liposome production in terms of mean diameter, coefficient of uniformity (Cu), encapsulation efficiency, morphology, viscosity and actual energy required for liposome formation. Liposome production via the SC-GAS method under optimized formulation conditions, i.e., 180 bar; 50 °C; 0.75% Tween 80; and a depressurization rate of 25 bar min−1, yielded nano-liposomes exhibiting the lowest Cu value (1.10 ± 0.012) with a mean diameter of 0.072 ± 0.002 μm and better encapsulation efficiencies of 75.48 ± 2.5, 74.9 ± 2.1 and 70.23 ± 2.9% for adenosine, cordycepin and polysaccharides, respectively. Nano-liposomes were characterized using FTIR, XRD, DSC and TGA techniques. The stability indices and viscosities of the prepared liposome suspensions indicated good stability of up to 2 months and near-Newtonian behavior. The in vitro release of CS1197 water soluble compounds exhibited biphasic and sustained release patterns. Nano-liposomes were designed for the sustained release of water soluble compounds from C. sinensis CS1197 using a supercritical gas anti-solvent (SC-GAS) method at various pressures, temperatures and Tween 80 concentrations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B. Manohar
- Department of Food Engineering
- CSIR-CFTRI
- Mysore
- India
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Shashidhar MG, Manohar B. Acidified Hot Water Extraction of Adenosine, Cordycepin, and Polysaccharides from the Chinese Caterpillar Mushroom, Ophiocordyceps sinensis CS1197 (Ascomycetes): Application of an Artificial Neural Network and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities. Int J Med Mushrooms 2016; 18:915-926. [PMID: 27910759 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.v18.i10.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The effects of process variables (temperature, time, and pH) on the extraction of adenosine, cordycepin, and polysaccharides from Ophiocordyceps sinensis CS1197 were studied using response surface methodology (RSM) and an artificial neural network (ANN). The ANN model resulted in low root mean square errors (0.022, 0.079, 0.018) and high R2 values (0.995, 0.934, 0.997) for adenosine, cordycepin, and polysaccharide yields, respectively, which implied good agreement between the predicted and actual data. An overall desirability of 0.86 suggested optimal extraction conditions (temperature, 70°C; time, 1 hour; and pH ~4) for adenosine (0.205%) and cordycepin (0.246%) yields. For polysaccharide yield (6.34%), an overall desirability of 0.93 suggested extraction conditions: temperature, 87°C; time, 3.4 hours, and pH ~4. The water extract exhibited better antioxidant activity. The antibacterial activity of the water extract was assayed against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, and larger amounts of the extract (30 and 50 mg) exhibited antibacterial activity (<35%). The predictive ability of an ANN is superior to RSM and resulted in the best agreement between experimental and predicted values.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Shashidhar
- Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
| | - B Manohar
- Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
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Manohar B, Baidya D, Bhuvaneswari S, Rai AB. Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumour Mimicking Lateral Periodontal Cyst: A Diagnostic Dilemma. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2016; 14:370-372. [PMID: 29336428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor is a developmental cyst derived from the enamel organ or from the dental lamina. It is a benign, multicystic, intraosseous tumor of odontogenic origin, with a characteristic lining of parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium and has a potential for aggressive, infiltrative behavior and recurrence. Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumors have a predilection for males and occurs mainly in the second and third decade of life, most commonly in the mandible, mostly in the posterior body, the angle and the ascending ramus. It extends in the intramedullary space making it difficult to diagnose at an early stage. It is regarded as a distinctive entity because of its characteristic histology, proliferation kinetics and behavior. Main in 1970 described, collateral variant of Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor, which presents adjacent to the roots of the teeth usually in the mandibular premolar region and radiologically is indistinguishable from the lateral periodontal cyst and gingival cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Manohar
- Department of Periodontics, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Debari. Udaipur, Rajasthan, Pin. - 313024
| | - D Baidya
- Department of Periodontics, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Debari. Udaipur, Rajasthan, Pin. - 313024
| | - S Bhuvaneswari
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Debari. Udaipur, Rajasthan, Pin. - 313024
| | - A B Rai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Debari. Udaipur, Rajasthan, Pin. - 313024
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Abstract
Nano-liposomes were designed using a supercritical (SC) gas anti-solvent (GAS) method.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. M. Shashidhar
- Department of Food Engineering
- Central Food Technological Research Institute
- Mysore–570020
- India
| | - G. V. Pravin
- Department of Food Engineering
- Central Food Technological Research Institute
- Mysore–570020
- India
| | - B. Manohar
- Department of Food Engineering
- Central Food Technological Research Institute
- Mysore–570020
- India
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Abstract
Background Propolis is a natural resinous mixture produced by honeybees, which exhibits anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, cytostatic and cariostatic properties. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-bacterial efficacy of a propolis based dentifrice on Mutans Streptococci colonizing the oral cavity of young patients using Dentocult® SM strip mutans test. Methods Screening of 367 male subjects within the age group of 7–12 years was carried out. A total of 30 children were included in the study. They were instructed to use a Propolis dentifrice (Probee,™ Quasi-Medical Products, Seoul Propolis) daily for three minutes over a period of four weeks. Plaque and salivary samples were collected at baseline, 1st week, 3rd week and 4th week and were analyzed for Mutans Streptococci count using Dentocult® SM strip Mutans kit (Orion Diagnostica Oy, Finland). Student paired t-test and Friedman test were used for statistical analysis. Results It was unveiled that mean Mutans streptococci count at 1st week and 4th week, showed significant reduction (p≤0.0001), compared to baseline scores. Using Friedman's test, statistically significant difference was found between baseline and 1st week, 3rd week and 4th week follow up (P < 0.001). Conclusion Propolis dentifrice reduces in-vivo microbial load in microenvironments especially against Mutans streptococci in the oral cavity of young patients. Thus, it's potential to be inculcated and used as an alternative measure to prevent dental caries can be considered and further investigation involving greater number of participants is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohsin
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - B Manohar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - S Rajesh
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Y Asif
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Shashidhar GM, Giridhar P, Manohar B. Functional polysaccharides from medicinal mushroom Cordyceps sinensis as a potent food supplement: extraction, characterization and therapeutic potentials – a systematic review. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13539c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As a rich source of novel polysaccharides, Cordyceps sinensis (CS), one of the valued traditional Chinese medicinal fungi, is a major focus of many natural products research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. M. Shashidhar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
- New Delhi
- India
- Department of Food Engineering
- CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute
| | - P. Giridhar
- Department of Plant Cell Biotechnology
- CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute
- Mysore
- India
| | - B. Manohar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
- New Delhi
- India
- Department of Food Engineering
- CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute
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Shashidhar MG, Murthy TPK, Girish KG, Manohar B. Grinding of Coriander Seeds: Modeling of Particle Size Distribution and Energy Studies. Particulate Science and Technology 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2013.772546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Shashidhar M, Giridhar P, Udaya Sankar K, Manohar B. Bioactive principles from Cordyceps sinensis: A potent food supplement - A review. J Funct Foods 2013; 5:1013-1030. [PMID: 32288795 PMCID: PMC7104994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducing the importance of Cordyceps sinensis (CS) and its economics. Alternative artificial cultivation methods for large scale production to meet the world demand for CS. Chemical characterization of compounds in different extracts of CS. Potential health benefits and mechanism of action of compounds in CS. Possible application of whole fungus or its extracts in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Cordyceps sinensis (CS) is a well-known entamophagus fungus, naturally distributed in the Tibetan Plateau of Asia and Himalayas. Recently this synonym is transferred to Ophiocordyceps by both scientific and non-scientific communities. It is widely used as a tonic and medicinal food in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as it possess wonderful health benefits. To support its functional attributes, various investigations have been carried out to find out its adaptogenic, aphrodisiac, anti-oxidant, anti-aging, neuroprotective, nootropic, immunomodulatory, anti-cancer and hepatoprotective role. Its fruiting portion as well as the larvae possesses potent bio-active fractions and their composition almost found to be similar in both. The bioactive principles are nucleosides, exo-polysaccharides, sterols and, proteins, among others. Among nucleosides, adenosine and cordycepin are the major biochemical markers. Further, different types of solvent extracts and their mixtures exhibit wide range of pharmacological activities, while the water and methanol extracts with the richest sources of nucleosides and polysaccharides also show wide range of pharmacological activities. This review gives a panoramic view of potential health benefits of various classes of bio-active fractions along with the need for sustainable management of CS for human wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.G. Shashidhar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial research, New Delhi, India
- Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India
| | - P. Giridhar
- Department of Plant Cell Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India
| | - K. Udaya Sankar
- Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India
| | - B. Manohar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial research, New Delhi, India
- Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India
- Corresponding author at: Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India. Fax: +91 821 2517233.
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Manohar B, Udaya Sankar K. Prediction of solubility of Psoralea corylifolia L. Seed extract in supercritical carbon dioxide by equation of state models. Theor Found Chem Eng 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579511040087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kumar MV, Sambaia K, Ramesh BN, Manohar B, Lokesh BR. A comprehensive study on the serum lipid profile and risk factor analysis for cardiovascular diseases in a cross-sectional Indian population. J Indian Med Assoc 2010; 108:156-160. [PMID: 21043353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have established that Indians have a higher incidence of coronary heart disease. Because of vast differences in ethnicity, food habits and sociocultural background of Indians, it is essential that survey be conducted for profiling risk factor indicators in subjects from different parts of the country with adequate sample size. This study was carried out on CFTRI employees whose population is originally drawn from different parts of the country with diverse food habits. The population consisting of 624 subjects (514 men and 110 women) were subjected to general health check-up, blood and urine analysis under the supervision of a medical officer. Sixty-one individuals (9.77%) were found to be diabetic and 73 individuals (11.69%) were hypertensive of which 11.7% were also found to have diabetes. The mean serum cholesterol concentration in men was found to be 158 mg % and that in women was 165 mg %. Ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol was found to be greater than 6.5 in all the cases. Blood group analysis indicated that 41.5% of the subjects belonged to O(+) group (n = 259) followed by B(+) 25.6% (n = 160), A(+) 24.6% (n = 154) and AB(+) 4.48% (n = 28). Twenty-three individuals were Rh-negative. It was observed that serum cholesterol and triglycerides were lower in O(+) groups, compared to individuals in other groups. The incidence of diabetes and hypertension in O(+) was 5.79% and 10.4%, B(+)12.5% and 15.6%, A(+) 11.0% and 12.3% and AB(+) 21.4% and 7.1% respectively. Eight individuals were found to have myocardial infarction. Among them four belonged to A(+), two to B(+) and one each to AB(+)and O(+).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570013
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Nagesha G, Manohar B, Udaya Sankar K. Enzymatic esterification of free fatty acids of hydrolyzed soy deodorizer distillate in supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2004.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Nagesha GK, Manohar B, Udaya Sankar K. Enrichment of tocopherols in modified soy deodorizer distillate using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. Eur Food Res Technol 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-003-0781-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kiran K, Manohar B, Divakar S. A central composite rotatable design analysis of lipase catalyzed synthesis of lauroyl lactic acid at bench-scale level. Enzyme Microb Technol 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(01)00356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Manohar B, Divakar S, Prapulla SG, Karanth NG. Optimization of isoamyl acetate production by using immobilized lipase from Mucor miehei by response surface methodology. Enzyme Microb Technol 2000; 26:131-136. [PMID: 10689068 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Immobilized lipase from Mucor miehei was employed for the esterification of isoamyl alcohol with acetic acid in n-heptane solvent. The important process variables studied were enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio, alcohol (acid) concentration, and incubation period. Based on Box-Behnken design of experiments, a second order response function was developed. The percentage esterification increased with both E/S ratio and time and decreased with alcohol (acid) concentration. The model indicated optimum conditions for maximum esterification ranging from 20 to 99.6% in the alcohol (acid) concentration range of 0.031 to 0.3 M for a range of E/S ratios 8.33 to 50 g/mol, which were in good agreement with the experimental yields.
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Began G, Manohar B, Udaya Sankar K, Appu Rao A. Response surfaces for solubility of crude soylecithin lipid in super critical carbon dioxide. Eur Food Res Technol 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/pl00005513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Krishna SH, Manohar B, Divakar S, Karanth NG. Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of isoamyl butyrate: Optimization by response surface methodology. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-999-0189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Hari Krishna
- ; Fermentation Technology and Bioengineering Department; Central Food Technological Research Institute; 570 013 Mysore India
| | - B. Manohar
- ; Food Engineering Department; Central Food Technological Research Institute; 570 013 Mysore India
| | - S. Divakar
- ; Fermentation Technology and Bioengineering Department; Central Food Technological Research Institute; 570 013 Mysore India
| | - N. G. Karanth
- ; Fermentation Technology and Bioengineering Department; Central Food Technological Research Institute; 570 013 Mysore India
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Reddy BM, Manohar B. One-step synthesis of adiponitrile by catalytic ammoxidation over antimony–vanadium phosphorus oxide/γ-alumina catalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1039/c39930000330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Reddy BM, Manohar B. Solid–solid wetting: a simple and effective method for the preparation of molybdenum sulphide/alumina catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1039/c39910001435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ramakrishna P, Subramanian R, Manohar B, Venkatesh K. Moisture content, strength and extractability of rice bran pellets. J FOOD ENG 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0260-8774(88)90010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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