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Rasouli B, Ahlqvist E, Alfredsson L, Andersson T, Carlsson PO, Groop L, Löfvenborg J, Martinell M, Rosengren A, Tuomi T, Wolk A, Carlsson S. Coffee consumption, genetic susceptibility and risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: A population-based case-control study. Diabetes & Metabolism 2018; 44:354-360. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Rasouli B, Andersson T, Carlsson PO, Hjort R, Löfvenborg JE, Martinell M, Groop L, Tuomi T, Carlsson S. Serious life events and the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2017. [PMID: 28632336 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM It has been suggested that experiencing serious life events may promote Type 1 diabetes in children. Studies in adults are lacking, as are studies on the interaction of life events with genetic factors. We aimed to investigate life events and the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and Type 2 diabetes while taking into account HLA genotype. METHODS Analysis was based on 425 incident cases of LADA, 1417 incident cases of Type 2 diabetes and 1702 population-based controls recruited in Sweden between 2010 and 2016. Self-reported information on life events including conflicts, divorce, illness/accidents, death and financial problems experienced during the 5 years preceding diagnosis/index year was used. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by logistic regression and adjusted for age, sex, BMI, family history of diabetes, smoking, physical activity and education. RESULTS Overall there was no association between experience of any life event and either LADA (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.68-1.08) or Type 2 diabetes (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.83-1.21). The results were similar for individual events as well as in separate analysis of men and women. Similar results were seen in more autoimmune LADA (glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies > median) [OR (any life event) 0.88, 95% CI 0.64-1.21] and in LADA carriers of the high-risk HLADR4-DQ8 genotype (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.61-1.29). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that experience of a serious life event, including the death of a family member, divorce or financial problems, is not associated with an increased risk of LADA, overall or in genetically susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rasouli
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Andersson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P-O Carlsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R Hjort
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J E Löfvenborg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Martinell
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Clinical Research Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Tuomi
- Division of Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Research Program for Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Carlsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Hjort R, Alfredsson L, Andersson T, Carlsson PO, Grill V, Groop L, Martinell M, Rasouli B, Storm P, Tuomi T, Carlsson S. Family history of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). Diabetes Metab 2017; 43:536-542. [PMID: 28669512 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A family history of diabetes (FHD) is a strong predictor of diabetes risk, yet has rarely been investigated in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). This study therefore investigated the risk of LADA and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in relation to FHD, taking into account the type of diabetes in relatives. METHODS Data from a population-based study were used, including incident cases of LADA [glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA)-positive, n=378] and T2D (GADA-negative, n=1199), and their matched controls (n=1484). First-degree relatives with disease onset at age<40 years and taking insulin treatment were classified as type 1 diabetes (T1D) or, if otherwise, as T2D. Odds ratios (ORs) were adjusted for age, gender, BMI, education and smoking. Cases were genotyped for high- and low-risk HLA genotypes. RESULTS Both FHD-T1D (OR: 5.8; 95% CI: 3.2-10.3) and FHD-T2D (OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.5-2.5) were associated with an increased risk of LADA, whereas the risk of T2D was associated with FHD-T2D (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 2.2-3.3), but not FHD-T1D. In LADA patients, FHD-T1D vs FHD-T2D was associated with higher GADA but lower C-peptide levels, lower prevalence of low-risk HLA genotypes (5.0% vs 28.6%, respectively; P=0.038) and a tendency for higher prevalence of high-risk genotypes (90.0% vs 69.1%, respectively; P=0.0576). CONCLUSION The risk of LADA is substantially increased with FHD-T1D but also, albeit significantly less so, with FHD-T2D. This supports the idea of LADA as a mix of both T1D and T2D, but suggests that the genes related to T1D have greater impact. LADA patients with FHD-T1D had more T1D-like features, emphasizing the heterogeneity of LADA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hjort
- Unit of epidemiology, institute of environmental medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - L Alfredsson
- Unit of cardiovascular epidemiology, institute of environmental medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Andersson
- Unit of epidemiology, institute of environmental medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for occupational and environmental medicine, Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - P-O Carlsson
- Department of medical sciences, Uppsala university, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - V Grill
- NTNU institute of cancer research and molecular medicine, Norwegian university of science and technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of endocrinology, Trondheim university hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - L Groop
- Department of clinical sciences in Malmö, clinical research centre, Lund university, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M Martinell
- Department of public health and caring sciences, Uppsala university, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - B Rasouli
- Unit of epidemiology, institute of environmental medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Storm
- Department of clinical sciences in Malmö, clinical research centre, Lund university, Malmö, Sweden
| | - T Tuomi
- Division of endocrinology, abdominal centre, Finnish institute for molecular medicine and research program for diabetes and obesity, university of Helsinki and Folkhälsan research centre, Helsinki university hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Carlsson
- Unit of epidemiology, institute of environmental medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rasouli B, Andersson T, Carlsson PO, Grill V, Groop L, Martinell M, Midthjell K, Storm P, Tuomi T, Carlsson S. Use of Swedish smokeless tobacco (snus) and the risk of Type 2 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood (LADA). Diabet Med 2017; 34:514-521. [PMID: 27353226 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS It has been suggested that moist snuff (snus), a smokeless tobacco product that is high in nicotine and widespread in Scandinavia, increases the risk of Type 2 diabetes. Previous studies are however few, contradictory and, with regard to autoimmune diabetes, lacking. Our aim was to study the association between snus use and the risk of Type 2 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood (LADA). METHOD Analyses were based on incident cases (Type 2 diabetes, n = 724; LADA, n = 200) and population-based controls (n = 699) from a Swedish case-control study. Additional analyses were performed on cross-sectional data from the Norwegian HUNT study (n = 21 473) with 829 prevalent cases of Type 2 diabetes. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated adjusted for age, BMI family history of diabetes and smoking. Only men were included. RESULTS No association between snus use and Type 2 diabetes or LADA was seen in the Swedish data. For Type 2 diabetes, the OR for > 10 box-years was 1.00 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.47 to 2.11] and for LADA 1.01 (95% CI, 0.45 to 2.29). Similarly, in HUNT, the OR for Type 2 diabetes in ever-users was estimated at 0.91 (95% CI, 0.75 to 1.10) and in heavy users at 0.92 (95% CI, 0.46 to 1.83). CONCLUSION The risk of Type 2 diabetes and LADA is unrelated to the use of snus, despite its high nicotine content. This opens the possibility of the increased risk of Type 2 diabetes seen in smokers may not be attributed to nicotine, but to other substances in tobacco smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rasouli
- Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Andersson
- Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P-O Carlsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - V Grill
- NTNU Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - L Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M Martinell
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - K Midthjell
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Community Medicine and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - P Storm
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - T Tuomi
- Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital and Research Program for Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Carlsson
- Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kamali Y, Gholami S, Ahrari-Khafi MS, Rasouli B, Shayegh H. The architecture of the middle ear in the small Indian mongoose (Herpestes Javanicus). Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2015; 74:340-5. [DOI: 10.5603/fm.2015.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Löfvenborg JE, Andersson T, Carlsson PO, Dorkhan M, Groop L, Martinell M, Rasouli B, Storm P, Tuomi T, Carlsson S. Coffee consumption and the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults--results from a Swedish case-control study. Diabet Med 2014; 31:799-805. [PMID: 24750356 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes. Our aim was to investigate if coffee intake may also reduce the risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, an autoimmune form of diabetes with features of Type 2 diabetes. METHODS We used data from a population-based case-control study with incident cases of adult onset (≥ 35 years) diabetes, including 245 cases of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positive), 759 cases of Type 2 diabetes (glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody negative), together with 990 control subjects without diabetes, randomly selected from the population. Using questionnaire information on coffee consumption, we estimated the odds ratio of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults and Type 2 diabetes adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, physical activity, alcohol, education and family history of diabetes. RESULTS Coffee intake was inversely associated with Type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 0.92, 95% CI 0.87-0.98 per cup/day). With regard to latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, the general trend was weak (odds ratio 1.04, 95% CI 0.96-1.13), but stratification by degree of autoimmunity (median glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody levels) suggested that coffee intake may be associated with an increased risk of high glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (odds ratio 1.11, 95% CI 1.00-1.23 per cup/day). Furthermore, for every additional cup of coffee consumed per day, there was a 15.2% (P = 0.0268) increase in glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody levels. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm that coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, the findings suggest that coffee may be associated with development of autoimmunity and possibly an increased risk of more Type 1-like latent autoimmune diabetes in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Löfvenborg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kamali Y, Khaksar Z, Sharaki A, Rasouli B, Kajbafi M. A detailed systematic anatomical study of monocephalic conjoined symmetric twin lambs. Open Vet J 2014; 4:124-7. [PMID: 26623352 PMCID: PMC4629606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of conjoined twins with monocephalus, thoracopagus, partial abdominopagus, tetrabrachius and tetrascelus in lambs complicated with several defects of skeletal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and urogenital systems is reported. The twins were dead and delivered by cesarean section. This case report highlights the detailed anatomical study of defects in different systems due to an abnormal birth defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Kamali
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz, Iran,Corresponding Author: Younes Kamali. Comparative Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz, Iran. Tel.: +989157878617.
| | - Z. Khaksar
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A.R. Sharaki
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - B. Rasouli
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M. Kajbafi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
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Rasouli B, Ahlbom A, Andersson T, Grill V, Midthjell K, Olsson L, Carlsson S. Alcohol consumption is associated with reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes and autoimmune diabetes in adults: results from the Nord-Trøndelag health study. Diabet Med 2013; 30:56-64. [PMID: 22612671 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03713.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the influence of different aspects of alcohol consumption on the risk of Type 2 diabetes and autoimmune diabetes in adults. METHODS We used data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Survey (HUNT) study, in which all adults aged ≥ 20 years from Nord-Trondelag County were invited to participate in three surveys in 1984-1986, 1995-1997 and 2006-2008. Patients with diabetes were identified using self-reports, and participants with onset age ≥ 35 years were classified as having Type 2 diabetes if they were negative for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (n = 1841) and as having autoimmune diabetes if they were positive for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (n = 140). Hazard ratios of amount and frequency of alcohol use, alcoholic beverage choice, and binge drinking and alcohol use disorders were estimated. RESULTS Moderate alcohol consumption (adjusted for confounders) was associated with a reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes in men, but not in women (hazard ratio for men 10-15 g/day 0.48, 95% CI 0.28-0.77; hazard ratio for women ≥ 10 g/day 0.81, 95% CI 0.33-1.96). The reduced risk was primarily linked to consumption of wine [hazard ratio 0.93, 95% CI 0.87-0.99 (per g/day)]. No increased risk was seen in participants reporting binge drinking or in problem drinkers. The results were also compatible with a reduced risk of autoimmune diabetes associated with alcohol consumption [hazard ratio 0.70, 95% CI 0.45-1.08 (frequent consumption) and hazard ratio 0.36, 95% CI 0.13-0.97 (2-7 g/day)]. CONCLUSIONS Moderate alcohol consumption associates with reduced risk of both Type 2 diabetes and autoimmune diabetes. A protective effect of alcohol intake may be limited to men. High alcohol consumption does not seem to carry an increased risk of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rasouli
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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