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Prasad M, Rajarajeswari D, Ramlingam K, Viswakumar R, Suneel B, Conjeevaram J, Aruna P, Fathima N, Vishwakarma SK, Khan AA. Association of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor (AT1R) Gene Polymorphism with Angiotensin II Serum Levels in Patients with Essential Hypertension. Indian J Clin Biochem 2023; 38:110-119. [PMID: 36684488 PMCID: PMC9852369 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-022-01041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Essential hypertension (EH) is a multifactorial, polygenic condition, and is one of the most important comorbidities that contributes to stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiac failure, and renal failure. The continuous increasing rate of morbidity and mortality associated with EH presents an unmet need of population-based studies to explore pathophysiology as well as newer strategies for better diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. This study aimed to determine genotype and allele frequencies of A1166C polymorphism of AT1R gene in Indian patients with EH and correlated with serum levels of Angiotensin II. A total of 200 patients with EH and 200 age- and gender-matched control individuals were included in this study from the General Medicine Department Outpatient at Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. Patients with systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg were considered as hypertensive. The findings of this study revealed significantly increased risk of C/A heterozygote and allele C in both men and women. Moreover, both men and women patients with EH showed higher serum levels of Angiotensin II with C/A as well as AA genotypes. These findings indicate a significant association of 1166 C/A polymorphism of the AT1R gene with increased risk of hypertension in Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Chinthareddy Palem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh 524003 India
| | - D. Rajarajeswari
- Department of Biochemistry, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Chinthareddy Palem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh 524003 India
| | - K. Ramlingam
- Department of Biochemistry, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Chinthareddy Palem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh 524003 India
| | - R. Viswakumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Chinthareddy Palem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh 524003 India
| | - B. Suneel
- Department of Biochemistry, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Chinthareddy Palem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh 524003 India
| | - Jyothi Conjeevaram
- Department of Community Medicine, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh 524003 India
| | - P. Aruna
- Department of Biochemistry, ACSR Government Medical College, Dargamitta, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh 524002 India
| | - Nusrath Fathima
- Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research & Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Kanchanbagh, Hyderabad, Telangana 500058 India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Vishwakarma
- Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research & Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Kanchanbagh, Hyderabad, Telangana 500058 India
| | - Aleem Ahmed Khan
- Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research & Translational Medicine, Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Kanchanbagh, Hyderabad, Telangana 500058 India
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Devi SJSR, Singh K, Umakanth B, Vishalakshi B, Rao KVS, Suneel B, Sharma SK, Kadambari GKM, Prasad MS, Senguttvel P, Syamaladevi DP, Madhav MS. Identification and Characterization of a Large Effect QTL from Oryza glumaepatula Revealed Pi68(t) as Putative Candidate Gene for Rice Blast Resistance. Rice (N Y) 2020; 13:17. [PMID: 32166467 PMCID: PMC7067966 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00378-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Field resistance is often effective and durable as compared to vertical resistance. The introgression line (INGR15002) derived from O. glumaepatula has proven broad spectrum field resistance for both leaf and neck blast. RESULTS Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) analysis of INGR15002, led to the identification of two major QTL - qBL3 contributing about 34% and 32% phenotypic variance towards leaf and neck blast resistance, respectively and qBL7 contributing about 25% of phenotypic variance for leaf blast. Further, qBL3 was fine mapped, narrowed down to 300 kb region and a linked SNP maker was identified. By combining mapping with microarray analysis, a candidate gene, Os03g0281466 (malectin-serine threonine kinase), was identified in the fine mapped region and named as Pi68(t). The nucleotide variations in the coding as well as upstream region of the gene was identified through cloning and sequence analysis of Pi68(t) alleles. These significant variations led to the non-synonymous changes in the protein as well as variations (presence/absence) in four important motifs (W-box element; MYC element; TCP element; BIHD1OS) at promoter region those are associated with resistance and susceptible reactions. The effect of qBL3 was validated by its introgression into BPT5204 (susceptible variety) through marker-assisted selection and progeny exhibiting resistance to both leaf and neck blast was identified. Further, the utility of linked markers of Pi68(t) in the blast breeding programs was demonstrated in elite germplasm lines. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report on the identification and characterization of major effect QTL from O. glumaepatula, which led to the identification of a putative candidate gene, Pi68(t), which confers field resistance to leaf as well as neck blast in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. J. S. Rama Devi
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad-30, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, P.A.U, Ludhiana, Punjab India
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, P.A.U, Ludhiana, Punjab India
| | - B. Umakanth
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad-30, India
| | - B. Vishalakshi
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad-30, India
| | | | - B. Suneel
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad-30, India
| | - S. K. Sharma
- Plant Pathology Division, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal, India
- Plant Pathology Division, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad-30, India
| | | | - M. S. Prasad
- Plant Pathology Division, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal, India
| | - P. Senguttvel
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad-30, India
| | - Divya P. Syamaladevi
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad-30, India
| | - M. S. Madhav
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad-30, India
- Crop Improvement Section, IIRR, Hyderabad, 500 030 India
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