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Er-Lukowiak M, Hänzelmann S, Rothe M, Moamenpour DT, Hausmann F, Khatri R, Hansen C, Boldt J, Bärreiter VA, Honecker B, Bea A, Groneberg M, Fehling H, Marggraff C, Cadar D, Bonn S, Sellau J, Lotter H. Testosterone affects type I/type II interferon response of neutrophils during hepatic amebiasis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1279245. [PMID: 38179044 PMCID: PMC10764495 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1279245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Differences in immune response between men and women may influence the outcome of infectious diseases. Intestinal infection with Entamoeba histolytica leads to hepatic amebiasis, which is more common in males. Previously, we reported that innate immune cells contribute to liver damage in males in the murine model for hepatic amebiasis. Here, we focused on the influences of sex and androgens on neutrophils in particular. Infection associated with neutrophil accumulation in the liver was higher in male than in female mice and further increased after testosterone treatment in both sexes. Compared with female neutrophils, male neutrophils exhibit a more immature and less activated status, as evidenced by a lower proinflammatory N1-like phenotype and deconvolution, decreased gene expression of type I and type II interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) as well as downregulation of signaling pathways related to neutrophil activation. Neutrophils from females showed higher protein expression of the type I ISG viperin/RSAD2 during infection, which decreased by testosterone substitution. Moreover, ex vivo stimulation of human neutrophils revealed lower production of RSAD2 in neutrophils from men compared with women. These findings indicate that sex-specific effects on neutrophil physiology associated with maturation and type I IFN responsiveness might be important in the outcome of hepatic amebiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Er-Lukowiak
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Hänzelmann
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Biomedical Artificial Intelligenc, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Rothe
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David T. Moamenpour
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Hausmann
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Biomedical Artificial Intelligenc, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robin Khatri
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Biomedical Artificial Intelligenc, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Hansen
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Boldt
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Valentin A. Bärreiter
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Honecker
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annika Bea
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marie Groneberg
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helena Fehling
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Marggraff
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dániel Cadar
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Bonn
- Center for Biomedical Artificial Intelligenc, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julie Sellau
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Lotter
- Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
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Anders J, König C, Lender C, Hellhund A, Nehls S, Shalabi I, Honecker B, Lorenzen S, Meyer M, Matthiesen J, Cadar D, Roeder T, Galal Metwally N, Lotter H, Bruchhaus I. Genes differentially expressed between pathogenic and non-pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica clones influence pathogenicity-associated phenotypes by multiple mechanisms. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011745. [PMID: 38134215 PMCID: PMC10773965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, two genes involved in amoebic liver abscess formation in a mouse model were identified by their differential expression of non-pathogenic (A1np) and pathogenic (B2p) clones of the Entamoeba histolytica isolate HM:1-IMSS. While overexpression of a gene encoding the metallopeptidase EhMP8-2 reduces the virulence of the pathogenic clone B2p, overexpression of the gene ehi_127670 (ehhp127), encoding a hypothetical protein, increases the virulence of the non-pathogenic clone A1np, while silencing this gene in the pathogenic B2p reduces virulence. To understand the role of both molecules in determining the pathogenicity of E. histolytica, silencing, and overexpression transfectants were characterized in detail. Silencing of ehmp8-2, of the homologous gene ehmp8-1, or both in non-pathogenic A1np trophozoites significantly altered the transcript levels of 347, 216, and 58 genes, respectively. This strong change in the expression profiles caused by the silencing of ehmp8-1 and ehmp8-2 implies that these peptidases regulate the expression of numerous genes. Consequently, numerous phenotypic characteristics, including cytopathic, hemolytic, and cysteine peptidase activity, were altered in response to their silencing. Silencing of ehhp127 in pathogenic B2p trophozoites did not affect the expression of other genes, whereas its overexpression in non-pathogenic A1np trophozoites results in an altered expression of approximately 140 genes. EhHP127 is important for trophozoite motility, as its silencing reduces, while its overexpression enhances movement activity. Interestingly, the specific silencing of ehhp127 also significantly affects cytopathic, cysteine peptidase, and hemolytic activities. All three molecules characterized in this study, namely EhMP8-1, EhMP8-2, and EhHP127, are present in amoeba vesicles. The results show that ehmp8-2 and ehhp127 are not only differentially expressed between pathogenic and non-pathogenic amoebae, but that they also significantly affect amoeba pathogenicity-associated phenotypes by completely different mechanisms. This observation suggests that the regulation of amoeba pathogenicity is achieved by a complex network of molecular mechanisms rather than by single factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliett Anders
- RG-Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Constantin König
- RG-Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Lender
- RG-Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne Hellhund
- RG-Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Nehls
- RG-Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Shalabi
- RG-Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Honecker
- RG-Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Lorenzen
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Meyer
- RG-Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Matthiesen
- RG-Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dániel Cadar
- Department of Arbovirology and Entomology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Roeder
- Kiel University, Department Molecular Physiology, Zoology, Kiel, Germany
- DZL, German Center for Lung Research, ARCN, Airway Research Center North, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nahla Galal Metwally
- RG-Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannelore Lotter
- RG Molecular Infection Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Iris Bruchhaus
- RG-Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- Biology Department, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Wu Y, Leyk S, Torabi H, Höhn K, Honecker B, Tauler MDPM, Cadar D, Jacobs T, Bruchhaus I, Metwally NG. Plasmodium falciparum infection reshapes the human microRNA profiles of red blood cells and their extracellular vesicles. iScience 2023; 26:107119. [PMID: 37534175 PMCID: PMC10391920 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum, a human malaria parasite, develops in red blood cells (RBCs), which represent approximately 70% of all human blood cells. Additionally, RBC-derived extracellular vesicles (RBC-EVs) represent 7.3% of the total EV population. The roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the consequences of P. falciparum infection are unclear. Here, we analyzed the miRNA profiles of non-infected human RBCs (niRBCs), ring-infected RBCs (riRBCs), and trophozoite-infected RBCs (trRBCs), as well as those of EVs secreted from these cells. Hsa-miR-451a was the most abundant miRNA in all RBC and RBC-EV populations, but its expression level was not affected by P. falciparum infection. Overall, the miRNA profiles of RBCs and their EVs were altered significantly after infection. Most of the differentially expressed miRNAs were shared between RBCs and their EVs. A target prediction analysis of the miRNAs revealed the possible identity of the genes targeted by these miRNAs (CXCL10, OAS1, IL7, and CCL5) involved in immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- Research Group Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Leyk
- Research Group Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanifeh Torabi
- Research Group Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Höhn
- Cellular Parasitology Department, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Honecker
- Research Group Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Dániel Cadar
- Arbovirology Department, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Jacobs
- Research Group Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Iris Bruchhaus
- Research Group Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- Biology Department University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nahla Galal Metwally
- Research Group Host Parasite Interaction, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
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König C, Honecker B, Wilson IW, Weedall GD, Hall N, Roeder T, Metwally NG, Bruchhaus I. Taxon-Specific Proteins of the Pathogenic Entamoeba Species E. histolytica and E. nuttalli. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:641472. [PMID: 33816346 PMCID: PMC8017271 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.641472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The human protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica can live in the human intestine for months or years without generating any symptoms in the host. For unknown reasons, amoebae can suddenly destroy the intestinal mucosa and become invasive. This can lead to amoebic colitis or extraintestinal amoebiasis whereby the amoebae spread to other organs via the blood vessels, most commonly the liver where abscesses develop. Entamoeba nuttalli is the closest genetic relative of E. histolytica and is found in wild macaques. Another close relative is E. dispar, which asyptomatically infects the human intestine. Although all three species are closely related, only E. histolytica and E. nuttalli are able to penetrate their host’s intestinal epithelium. Lineage-specific genes and gene families may hold the key to understanding differences in virulence among species. Here we discuss those genes found in E. histolytica that have relatives in only one or neither of its sister species, with particular focus on the peptidase, AIG, Ariel, and BspA families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin König
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Honecker
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ian W Wilson
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth D Weedall
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Hall
- Earlham Institute, Norwich, United Kingdom.,School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Roeder
- Zoology, Department of Molecular Physiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Iris Bruchhaus
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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