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Geinitz H, Silberberger E, Spiegl K, Feichtinger J, Wagner H, Hermann P, Bräutigam E, Track C, Weis EM, Venhoda C, Huppert R, Spindelbalker-Renner B, Zauner-Babor G, Nyiri DV, Karasek N, Erdei M, Gheju R, Gruber G, Egger M, Dieplinger B. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination willingness and humoral vaccination response in radiation oncology patients. Vaccine 2024; 42:945-959. [PMID: 38246842 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 infection has been and, in some parts, still is a threat to oncologic patients, making it crucial to understand perception of vaccination and immunologic responses in this vulnerable patient segment. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in relation to malignant disease characteristics and therapies have so far not been studied consecutively in larger oncologic patient populations. This study captures SARS-CoV-2 vaccination willingness and humoral immune response in a large consecutive oncologic patient collective at the beginning of 2021. METHODS 1142 patients were consecutively recruited over 5.5 months at a tertiary department for radiation oncology and were assessed for vaccination willingness via a standardized interview. In already vaccinated patients total SARS-CoV-2 S antibody titres against the spike protein (Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S) and were evaluated 35 days or later after the first dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. RESULTS Vaccination willingness was high with a rate of 90 %. The most frequent reasons for rejection were: undecided/potential vaccination after therapy, distrust in the vaccine and fear of interaction with comorbidities. Factors associated with lower vaccination willingness were: worse general condition, lower age and female sex. 80 % of the participants had been previously vaccinated, 8 % reported previous infection and 16 % received vaccination during antineoplastic therapy. In 97.5 % of the vaccinated patients Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S was detected. In a univariable analysis parameters associated with non-conversion were: lower performance status, spread to the local lymphatics (N + ), hematologic disease and diffuse metastases. All patients with oligometastatic disease achieved positive Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S titres. For patients with two vaccinations several risk factors were identified, that were associated with low antibody concentrations. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 vaccination willingness among oncologic patients was high in the first months after its availability, and most patients had already received one or two doses. Over 97 % of vaccinated patients had measurable anti-SARS-CoV-2 S titres. Our data supports early identification of low humoral responders after vaccination and could facilitate the design of future oncologic vaccine trials (clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT04918888).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Geinitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria; Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Medizinische Fakultät, Krankenhausstraße 5, A-4020 Linz, Austria.
| | - Elisabeth Silberberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Kurt Spiegl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Johann Feichtinger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Helga Wagner
- Kompetenzzentrum für Klinische Studien (KKS Linz) am Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (ZKF), Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Medizinische Fakultät, Med Campus I, Gebäude ADM, 8.OG, Krankenhausstraße 5, A-4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Philipp Hermann
- Kompetenzzentrum für Klinische Studien (KKS Linz) am Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (ZKF), Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Medizinische Fakultät, Med Campus I, Gebäude ADM, 8.OG, Krankenhausstraße 5, A-4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Bräutigam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Christine Track
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Eva Maria Weis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Clemens Venhoda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Roswitha Huppert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Barbara Spindelbalker-Renner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Georgine Zauner-Babor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Dalma Viktoria Nyiri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Nicola Karasek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Mercedesz Erdei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Ruben Gheju
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Georg Gruber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz GmbH, Barmherzige Schwestern, Seilerstätte 4, 4010 Linz, Austria
| | - Margot Egger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz and Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Benjamin Dieplinger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz and Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
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