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Běhal J, Pirone D, Sirico D, Bianco V, Mugnano M, Del Giudice D, Cavina B, Kurelac I, Memmolo P, Miccio L, Ferraro P. On monocytes and lymphocytes biolens clustering by in flow holographic microscopy. Cytometry A 2023; 103:251-259. [PMID: 36028475 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Live cells act as biological lenses and can be employed as real-world optical components in bio-hybrid systems. Imaging at nanoscale, optical tweezers, lithography and also photonic waveguiding are some of the already proven functionalities, boosted by the advantage that cells are fully biocompatible for intra-body applications. So far, various cell types have been studied for this purpose, such as red blood cells, bacterial cells, stem cells and yeast cells. White Blood Cells (WBCs) play a very important role in the regulation of the human body activities and are usually monitored for assessing its health. WBCs can be considered bio-lenses but, to the best of our knowledge, characterization of their optical properties have not been investigated yet. Here, we report for the first time an accurate study of two model classes of WBCs (i.e., monocytes and lymphocytes) by means of a digital holographic microscope coupled with a microfluidic system, assuming WBCs bio-lens characteristics. Thus, quantitative phase maps for many WBCs have been retrieved in flow-cytometry (FC) by achieving a significant statistical analysis to prove the enhancement in differentiation among sphere-like bio-lenses according to their sizes (i.e., diameter d) exploiting intensity parameters of the modulated light in proximity of the cell optical axis. We show that the measure of the low intensity area (S: I z < I th z ) in a fixed plane, is a feasible parameter for cell clustering, while achieving robustness against experimental misalignments and allowing to adjust the measurement sensitivity in post-processing. 2D scatterplots of the identified parameters (d-S) show better differentiation respect to the 1D case. The results show that the optical focusing properties of WBCs allow the clustering of the two populations by means of a mere morphological analysis, thus leading to the new concept of cell-optical-fingerprint avoiding fluorescent dyes. This perspective can open new routes in biomedical sciences, such as the chance to find optical-biomarkers at single cell level for label-free diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromír Běhal
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Naples, Italy
- Department of Optics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Daniele Pirone
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Naples, Italy
- DIETI, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Sirico
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering of the University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vittorio Bianco
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Mugnano
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Naples, Italy
| | - Danila Del Giudice
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Naples, Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Beatrice Cavina
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Centro di Studio e Ricerca sulle Neoplasie (CSR) Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ivana Kurelac
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Centro di Studio e Ricerca sulle Neoplasie (CSR) Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pasquale Memmolo
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Naples, Italy
| | - Lisa Miccio
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Ferraro
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Naples, Italy
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Kurelac I, Cavina B, Sollazzo M, Miglietta S, Fornasa A, De Luise M, Iorio M, Lama E, Traversa D, Nasiri HR, Ghelli A, Musiani F, Porcelli AM, Iommarini L, Gasparre G. NDUFS3 knockout cancer cells and molecular docking reveal specificity and mode of action of anti-cancer respiratory complex I inhibitors. Open Biol 2022; 12:220198. [PMID: 36349549 PMCID: PMC9653258 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of respiratory complex I (CI) is becoming a promising anti-cancer strategy, encouraging the design and the use of inhibitors, whose mechanism of action, efficacy and specificity remain elusive. As CI is a central player of cellular bioenergetics, a finely tuned dosing of targeting drugs is required to avoid side effects. We compared the specificity and mode of action of CI inhibitors metformin, BAY 87-2243 and EVP 4593 using cancer cell models devoid of CI. Here we show that both BAY 87-2243 and EVP 4593 were selective, while the antiproliferative effects of metformin were considerably independent from CI inhibition. Molecular docking predictions indicated that the high efficiency of BAY 87-2243 and EVP 4593 may derive from the tight network of bonds in the quinone binding pocket, although in different sites. Most of the amino acids involved in such interactions are conserved across species and only rarely found mutated in human. Our data make a case for caution when referring to metformin as a CI-targeting compound, and highlight the need for dosage optimization and careful evaluation of molecular interactions between inhibitors and the holoenzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Kurelac
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Cavina
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Sollazzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Miglietta
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Agnese Fornasa
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica De Luise
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Iorio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lama
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Traversa
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Hamid Razi Nasiri
- Department of Cellular Microbiology, University Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Anna Ghelli
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Musiani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Porcelli
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research ‘Scienze della Vita e Tecnologie per la Salute’, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Iommarini
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gasparre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Pirone D, Sirico DG, Mugnano M, Del Giudice D, Kurelac I, Cavina B, Memmolo P, Miccio L, Ferraro P. Finding intracellular lipid droplets from the single-cell biolens' signature in a holographic flow-cytometry assay. Biomed Opt Express 2022; 13:5585-5598. [PMID: 36733743 PMCID: PMC9872869 DOI: 10.1364/boe.460204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, intracellular LDs have been discovered to play an important role in several pathologies. Therefore, detection of LDs would provide an in-demand diagnostic tool if coupled with flow-cytometry to give significant statistical analysis and especially if the diagnosis is made in full non-invasive mode. Here we combine the experimental results of in-flow tomographic phase microscopy with a suited numerical simulation to demonstrate that intracellular LDs can be easily detected through a label-free approach based on the direct analysis of the 2D quantitative phase maps recorded by a holographic flow cytometer. In fact, we demonstrate that the presence of LDs affects the optical focusing lensing features of the embracing cell, which can be considered a biological lens. The research was conducted on white blood cells (i.e., lymphocytes and monocytes) and ovarian cancer cells. Results show that the biolens properties of cells can be a rapid biomarker that aids in boosting the diagnosis of LDs-related pathologies by means of the holographic flow-cytometry assay for fast, non-destructive, and high-throughput screening of statistically significant number of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Pirone
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University of Naples "Federico II", via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
- contributed equally
| | - Daniele G Sirico
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
- DICMaPI, Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- contributed equally
| | - Martina Mugnano
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Danila Del Giudice
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Ivana Kurelac
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Centro di Studio e Ricerca (CSR) sulle Neoplasie Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Cavina
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Centro di Studio e Ricerca (CSR) sulle Neoplasie Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pasquale Memmolo
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lisa Miccio
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Pietro Ferraro
- CNR-ISASI, Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
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De Luise M, Sollazzo M, Lama E, Coadă CA, Bressi L, Iorio M, Cavina B, D’Angelo L, Milioni S, Marchio L, Miglietta S, Coluccelli S, Tedesco G, Ghelli A, Lemma S, Perrone AM, Kurelac I, Iommarini L, Porcelli AM, Gasparre G. Inducing respiratory complex I impairment elicits an increase in PGC1α in ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8020. [PMID: 35577908 PMCID: PMC9110394 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAnticancer strategies aimed at inhibiting Complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain are increasingly being attempted in solid tumors, as functional oxidative phosphorylation is vital for cancer cells. Using ovarian cancer as a model, we show that a compensatory response to an energy crisis induced by Complex I genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition is an increase in the mitochondrial biogenesis master regulator PGC1α, a pleiotropic coactivator of transcription regulating diverse biological processes within the cell. We associate this compensatory response to the increase in PGC1α target gene expression, setting the basis for the comprehension of the molecular pathways triggered by Complex I inhibition that may need attention as drawbacks before these approaches are implemented in ovarian cancer care.
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