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Darcho SD, Ayele BH, Demena M, Firdisa D, Shawel S, Berhanu A. Organizational Communication Skills and Its Associated Factors Among Healthcare Providers Working at Wolaita Sodo Health Facilities, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2024; 17:79-88. [PMID: 38222794 PMCID: PMC10785682 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s445682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Communication in healthcare organizations is an important factor in quality care, patient safety, and financial function. However, there was a dearth of evidence on the organizational communication skills of healthcare providers in Ethiopia, including the current study area, Wolaita Sodo. This study is aimed at assessing the level of organizational communication skills and their associated factors among healthcare providers working at Wolaita Sodo health facilities, SNNPRS, Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A pretested and structured questionnaire was utilized using the self-administration method. The data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and analyzed using STATA version 17.0. Pearson correlation, a binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with outcome variables. Accordingly, variables that fulfilled p-values <0.25 on the bivariate logistic regression were considered candidates for multivariate logistic regression to control for possible confounders. The odds ratios along with the 95% confidence interval were used to present the finding, and statistical significance was reported at a p-value of 0.05. Results In the current study, about 45.8% (95% CI: 40.9-50.7) of the health professionals experienced good organizational communication skills. Males [AOR = 2.29; 95% CI = 1.38, 3.82], who had training in communication skills [AOR = 2.30; 95% CI = 1.46, 3.63], and those working at laboratories [AOR = 3.22; 95% CI = 1.07, 9.65] were significantly associated with organizational communication skills. Conclusion Less than half of the participants practiced good organizational communication skills. Sex, training on communication skills, and working units were important factors affecting the communication skills of healthcare providers. Interventions to improve the communication skills of healthcare providers should be instituted targeting females, those who have never taken training on communication skills, and those who are working at the ward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Demissie Darcho
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Melake Demena
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Firdisa
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Samrawit Shawel
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Ashenafi Berhanu
- School of Environmental Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Shawel S, Hawulte Ayele B, Dessie Y, Tura AK, Dinsa G, Tekola A, Mandefro M, Masrie A, Tamire A, Tefasa OK. The Cost of Maternal Complications and Its Associated Factors Among Mothers Attending Public Hospitals in Harari Region and Dire Dawa City Administration, Eastern Ethiopia: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Clinicoecon Outcomes Res 2023; 15:645-658. [PMID: 37701860 PMCID: PMC10494998 DOI: 10.2147/ceor.s416562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnant women face high costs for health-care services despite being advertised as free. These costs include non-medical expenses, lost productivity, difficulties caring for family members, and long-term financial impact from complications. Limited research has been done on the cost burden of maternal services and complications, despite numerous studies on maternal health service provision. This is notable considering the government's claim of providing free maternal health-care services. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in July (1-30) 2022 among 425 randomly selected mothers in Harari and Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and medical record reviews. The collected data was entered into Epi-Data version 3.02 and analyzed using STATA version 14.0 after data cleaning. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis were used to examine the data, ensuring assumptions of linearity, independence, homoscedasticity, and normality were met. The correlation coefficient was used to assess the strength of the association. Results The median cost of maternal complications was around 4250 ETB (81.3 USD; IQR = 2900-5833.3), factors that predicted cost were monthly family income of ≥3001 birr (β=1.13; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.26), distance from hospital (β=0.73; 95% CI = 0.64-0.83), being admitted for less than 4 days (β=0.60; 95% CI = 0.53-0.69), accompanied by relatives besides their husbands (β=1.93; 95% CI = 1.52-2.46), caesarian sections delivery (β=1.17; 95% CI = 1.04-1.31), and giving birth to a normal baby (β=0.86; 95% CI = 0.77-0.97). Conclusion Maternal complications incur significant costs, with factors such as family income, travel time, hospital stay, caregiver presence, mode of delivery, and neonatal outcome predicting these costs. The Ethiopian health system should address the additional expenses faced by mothers with complications and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrawit Shawel
- School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Yadeta Dessie
- School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Abera Kenay Tura
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Gimaye Dinsa
- School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Abainash Tekola
- School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Awoke Masrie
- School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Aklilu Tamire
- School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Wondimu M, Siyoum A, Ketema I, Goshu AT, Habte S, Mehadi A, Ayele BH. Undernutrition and associated factors among adult prisoners in Fiche town, central Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1144654. [PMID: 37469545 PMCID: PMC10353482 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1144654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Undernutrition is a major public health problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. However, nutritional problems are frequently overlooked in low-income countries, especially among vulnerable populations such as imprisoned people. The scientific data on the rate of undernutrition among imprisoned people in Ethiopia is limited. Hence, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of undernutrition among adult prisoners in Fiche town, central Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 15 to September 15, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select participants. All prisoners whose age was 18 years and above who have been in prison for at least 6 months were included. Data were collected using interviewer-administered pretested semi-structured questionnaires and standard anthropometric measurements. A cut-off point of body mass index <18.5 kg/m2 was used to measure undernutrition. Data were coded, entered into Epi-data version 3.1, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with undernutrition. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to measure the strength of the association and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The overall magnitude of undernutrition among adult prisoners was 20% (95% CI: 16.5-23.6). Duration of imprisonment, incarcerated for 25 to 59 months (AOR = 3.07; 95% CI: 1.33, 7.04) and for greater than 59 months (AOR = 4.56; 95% CI: 2.0, 10.45), mild and moderate depression (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.05, 3.45), and moderately severe and severe depression (AOR = 2.78; 95% CI: 1.17, 6.60) were significantly associated with increased odds of undernutrition. However, being female (AOR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.98), having financial support (AOR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.87), engaging in income-generating work within the prison (AOR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.47), having medium dietary diversity (AOR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.80), and having good dietary diversity (AOR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.61) significantly decreased the odds of undernutrition. Conclusion The magnitude of undernutrition among adult prisoners was high, with one in five prisoners in Fiche town prison having undernutrition. Sex, financial support, duration of imprisonment, income-generating work in the prison, dietary diversity, and depression were predictors of undernutrition. Hence, access to healthy food and diversified diets should be ensured for prisoners, and implementing early screening and treatment of depression, as well as encouraging prisoners to engage in income-generating work within the prison is recommended to reduce the burden of undernutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengistu Wondimu
- Ejere Health Center, Hidebu Abote Woreda, North Shoa Zone, Fiche, Ethiopia
| | - Ayichew Siyoum
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Indeshaw Ketema
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Abel Tibebu Goshu
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Sisay Habte
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Ame Mehadi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Yusuf A, Oljira L, Mehadi A, Ayele BH. Integrated Disease Surveillance Response Practice and Associated Factors Among Health Professionals Working in Public Hospitals in West Hararghe Zone, Eastern Oromia, Ethiopia: Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:1111-1126. [PMID: 37131935 PMCID: PMC10149072 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s411191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Health workforces across all levels of the healthcare system are the main modulators in the effective implementation of disease surveillance system. However, their level of integrated disease surveillance response (IDSR) practice and determinant factors was hardly investigated in Ethiopia. This study determined the level of IDSR practice and associated factors among health professionals in the west Hararghe zone, eastern Oromia, Ethiopia. Methodology A multicenter facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted between December 20, 2021, and January 10, 2022, among 297 systematically selected health professionals. Trained data collectors collected data using structured pretested self-administered questionnaires. The level of IDSR practice was assessed using six questions where each acceptable practice was given "1" and unacceptable "0", with a total score of 0 to 6. Hence, a score above or equal to the median was categorized as good practice. Epi-data and STATA were used for data entry and analysis. A binary logistic regression analysis model with an adjusted odds ratio was used to determine the effects of independent variables on the outcome variable. Results The magnitude of good practice of IDSR was 50.17% (95% CI: 45.17, 55.17). Being married (AOR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.01, 3.06), perceived organizational support (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.16, 3.94), good knowledge (AOR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.61, 4.78), positive attitude (AOR = 3.30, 95% CI: 1.82, 5.98) and working in an emergency (AOR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.98) were significantly associated with the level of practice. Conclusion Only half of the health professionals had a good level of practice in integrated disease surveillance response. Marital status, working department, perceived organizational support, knowledge level, and attitude toward integrated disease surveillance were significantly associated with health professionals' practice of disease surveillance. Thus, organizational and provider-targeted interventions should be considered to improve the knowledge and attitude of health professionals that improve integrated disease surveillance response practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmednajash Yusuf
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Lemessa Oljira
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Ame Mehadi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Alyi M, Roba KT, Ketema I, Habte S, Goshu AT, Mehadi A, Baye Y, Ayele BH. Relapse of acute malnutrition and associated factors after discharge from nutrition stabilization centers among children in Eastern Ethiopia. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1095523. [PMID: 36866054 PMCID: PMC9974149 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1095523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute malnutrition is a major global health problem primarily affecting under-five children. In sub-Saharan Africa, children treated for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) at an inpatient have high case fatality rate and is associated with relapse of acute malnutrition after discharge from inpatient treatment programs. However, there is limited data on the rate of relapse of acute malnutrition in children after discharge from stabilization centers in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and predictors of relapse of acute malnutrition among children aged 6-59 months discharged from stabilization centers in Habro Woreda, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among under-five children to determine the rate and predictors of relapse of acute malnutrition. A simple random sampling method was used to select participants. All randomly selected children aged 6-59 months discharged from stabilization centers between June 2019 and May 2020 were included. Data were collected using pretested semi-structured questionnaires and standard anthropometric measurements. The anthropometric measurements were used to determine relapse of acute malnutrition. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with relapse of acute malnutrition. An odds ratio with 95% CI was used to estimate the strength of the association and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 213 children with mothers/caregivers were included in the study. The mean age in months of children was 33.9 ± 11.4. More than half (50.7%) of the children were male. The mean duration of children after discharge was 10.9 (± 3.0 SD) months. The magnitude of relapse of acute malnutrition after discharge from stabilization centers was 36.2% (95% CI: 29.6,42.6). Several determinant factors were identified for relapse of acute malnutrition. Mid-upper arm circumference less than 110 mm at admission (AOR = 2.80; 95% CI: 1.05,7.92), absence of latrine (AOR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.09,5.65), absence of follow-up visits after discharge (AOR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.15,7.22), not received vitamin A supplementation in the past 6 months (AOR = 3.40, 95% CI: 1.40,8.09), household food insecurity (AOR = 4.51, 95% CI: 1.40,15.06), poor dietary diversity (AOR = 3.10, 95% CI: 1.31,7.33), and poor wealth index (AOR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.23,12.43) were significant predictors of relapse of acute malnutrition. Conclusion The study revealed very high magnitude of relapse of acute malnutrition after discharge from nutrition stabilization centers. One in three children developed relapse after discharge in Habro Woreda. Programmers working on nutrition should design interventions that focus on improving household food insecurity through strengthened public Safety Net programs and emphasis should be given to nutrition counseling and education, as well as to continuous follow-up and periodic monitoring, especially during the first 6 months of discharge, to reduce relapse of acute malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kedir Teji Roba
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Indeshaw Ketema
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia,*Correspondence: Indeshaw Ketema,
| | - Sisay Habte
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Abel Tibebu Goshu
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Ame Mehadi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Baye
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Mekuria S, Adem HA, Ayele BH, Musa I, Enyew DB. Routine health information system utilization and associated factors among health professionals in public health facilities in Dire Dawa, eastern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231203914. [PMID: 37808236 PMCID: PMC10552451 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231203914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Using reliable evidence from routine health information system (RHIS) over time is a vital aid to improve health outcome, tackling disparities, enhancing efficiency, and encouraging innovation. In Ethiopia, utilization of routine health data for improving the performance and quality of care was not well-studied in grassroot health facilities. Objective This study was conducted to determine the level of RHIS utilization and associated factors among health professionals in public health facilities of Dire Dawa, eastern Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 378 health professionals from June 10 to July 20, 2020. Self-administered pretested-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants. Data were entered using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using Stata 16.0. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the basic characteristics of the participants, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with RHIS utilization. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) (95% CI) was used to report association and significance declared at a P-value <0.05. Results Good RHIS utilization among health professionals was 57.7% (95% CI: 52.6%, 62.6%). Good organizational support (AOR = 3.91, 95% CI: 2.01, 7.61), low perceived complexity of RHIS formats (AOR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.23, 3.97), good self-efficacy (AOR = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.25, 5.10), and good decision-making autonomy (AOR = 3.97, 95% CI: 2.12, 7.43) were important factors associated with good RHIS utilization. Conclusions The level of good RHIS utilization among health professionals was low. Lack of self-confidence and empowerment, complexity of RHIS formats, and poor organizational support were significantly reducing RHIS utilization. Therefore, improving self-efficacy and decision-making capacity of health professionals through comprehensive training, empowerment, and organizational support would be essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mekuria
- Dire Dawa Administration Health Bureau, Ministry of Health, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Hassen Abdi Adem
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Ibsa Musa
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Berhanie Enyew
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Minas S, Ayele BH, Sisay M, Tusa BS, Roba KT. Food insecurity and its associated factors among lactating mothers in the Chiro district, Eastern Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:922774. [PMID: 36267908 PMCID: PMC9577095 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.922774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lactating mothers are extremely vulnerable to both macro and micronutrient deficiencies due to the increased nutritional requirements and high magnitude of food insecurity in low-income countries. However, there are a dearth of studies conducted in sub-Saharan African countries regarding this study area. Thus, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of food insecurity and its associated factors among lactating mothers in the Chiro district, eastern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 446 randomly selected lactating mothers from 1-30 June, 2020. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire. Data were entered using EpiData version 3.1 and exported to STATA version 14.2 for cleaning and analysis. Bi-variable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were fitted to check the association between independent variables and food insecurity. The level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05. Results The magnitude of food insecurity among lactating mothers was 68.8 % (95 % CI: 64.4, 72.9) and 12.1% (95 % CI: 9.4, 15.5) were severely food insecure. Residing in the rural (AOR =2.36, 95% CI:1.21, 4.62), poor wealth indices (AOR =4.68, 95% CI:2.02, 10.8), owning farmland of less than a hectare (AOR =2.35, 95% CI:1.06, 5.19), mothers who had less than three meals a day (AOR =2.70, 95% CI:1.33, 5.46), and who did not have their own income (AOR =2.32, 95% CI:1.36, 3.96) were significantly associated factors with food insecurity among lactating mothers. Conclusion Food insecurity is highly prevalent in lactating mothers' households. Therefore, the government and other stakeholders need to take action that addresses factors affecting mothers' food security status through strengthening nutrition-sensitive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selamu Minas
- West Hararghe Zonal Health Department, Chiro, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Mekonnen Sisay
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Shalmeno Tusa
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia,*Correspondence: Biruk Shalmeno Tusa
| | - Kedir Teji Roba
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Zelalem W, Weldegebreal F, Ayele BH, Deressa A, Debella A, Eyeberu A, Hassen FA, Dessie Y. Precancerous Cervical Lesion Among Adult Women With Human Immune Deficiency Virus on Anti Retroviral Therapy At Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Front Oncol 2022; 12:910915. [PMID: 35957869 PMCID: PMC9361014 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.910915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women representing 6.6% of all female cancers occurring in low and middle-income countries, where resources for cancer prevention programs are often scarce. So this study aimed to assess the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and associated factors among adult women with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) on Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART) at Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 06 to July 20, 2020 among 267 adult women with HIV on Anti Retroviral Therapy At Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. Data were collected using face-to-face interview, patient chart review, and the examination of the squamo-columnar junction by the visual inspection with the acetic acid method. The collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with the precancerous cervical lesion. Statistical significance was considered at a P-valve less than 0.05. Result A total of 267 women who were on ART were included in the study and the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion was 7.5% with 95% CI =4.10%-10.50%. Modern family planning (AOR = 4.14, 95% CI = 1.23-13.87), history of sexual transmission infection (STI) (AOR=5.39, 95% CI= 1.56-18.70) and viral load (AOR=20.85, 95% CI = 6.19-70.25) had significant association with precancerous cervical lesion Conclusion In this study, the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion is relatively low compared to studies in low and middle-income countries. Modern family planning, history of sexual transmitted infection, and viral load had a significant association with a precancerous cervical lesion. Hence, encouraging modern family planning, and routine screening of women for pre-cancerous cervical lesions for those with high viral load have enormous contributions to decreasing cervical cancer disease among Women with Human Immune Deficiency Virus through Anti Retroviral Therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wondimu Zelalem
- School of Public Health, Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Fitsum Weldegebreal
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Fitsum Weldegebreal, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-78671483-a
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Alemayehu Deressa
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Adera Debella
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Addis Eyeberu
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Fila Ahmed Hassen
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Yadeta Dessie
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Minas S, Ayele BH, Sisay M, Fage SG. Undernutrition among khat-chewer and non-chewer lactating women in Chiro district, eastern Ethiopia: Comparative cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221100143. [PMID: 35646352 PMCID: PMC9136449 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221100143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and factors
associated with it among khat-chewer and non-chewer lactating women at Chiro
district, west Hararghe zone, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 446
(223 khat chewers and 223 non-chewers) randomly selected lactating women who
have children aged 6 and 23 months. Data were collected through face-to-face
interviews using structured questionnaires followed by weight and height
measurements to calculate and categorize nutritional status based on body
mass index (kg/m2). Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1
and analyzed using STATA version 14.2. A binary logistic regression model
was fitted to check the association between independent variables and
undernutrition. The level of statistical significance was declared at a
p-value less than 0.05. Results: The overall prevalence of undernutrition among lactating women was 30.7% (95%
confidence interval = 26.6, 35.2). Undernutrition was significantly higher
among khat chewers, 39.0% (95% confidence interval = 32.8, 45.6) than
non-chewers, 22.4% (95% confidence interval = 17.4, 28.4), (χ2
(degree of freedom) = 14.4231, p < 0.0001). Chewing daily (adjusted odds
ratio = 3.14, 95% confidence interval = 1.08, 9.15), reducing number of
meals after chewing (adjusted odds ratio = 3.45, 95% confidence
interval = 1.29, 9.20), and unavailability of latrine (adjusted odds
ratio = 2.98, 95% confidence interval = 1.02, 8.75) were significantly
associated with undernutrition among khat-chewer lactating women.
Furthermore, age at first pregnancy (<18 years) (adjusted odds
ratio = 3.17, 95% confidence interval = 1.17, 8.60), not taking any
additional meals (adjusted odds ratio = 3.41, 95% confidence
interval = 1.08, 10.7), and hand washing after toilet use (adjusted odds
ratio = 6.10, 95% confidence interval = 2.51, 14.8) were significantly
associated with undernutrition among non-chewer lactating women. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of undernutrition is higher than previous studies and
is alarming among khat-chewer lactating mothers. Thus, nutritional and
public health interventions should target khat-chewer lactating mothers
particularly focusing on daily chewer either to improve their dietary
practice during and after chewing or to stop khat chewing if possible, in
order to reduce the effect of khat on food absorption. Besides, improving
latrine coverage and use, and prevention of early pregnancy are of paramount
importance in reducing undernutrition among lactating mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selamu Minas
- West Hararghe Zonal Health Department, Chiro, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Mekonnen Sisay
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Sagni Girma Fage
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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10
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Demisse A, Demena M, Ayele BH, Mengistu A. Food insecurity and associated factors among adult HIV patients on anti-retroviral therapy in Dessie referral hospital, South Wollo Zone, North central Ethiopia. PLOS Glob Public Health 2022; 2:e0000445. [PMID: 36962524 PMCID: PMC10021340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Food insecurity has a paramount negative impact on the overall nutritional and health status of people living with the human immune deficiency virus, hence leading to opportunistic infections, rapid disease progression, hospitalizations, poor treatment outcomes, and mortality, both are intertwined and worsen one another through a mixture of nutritional, mental health, and behavioral pathways that heighten vulnerability to, and worsen the severity of, each condition. Nevertheless, little is known about the magnitude of food insecurity and associated factors among adults on antiretroviral therapy in the current study area. This study aims to assess the magnitude of food insecurity and associated factors among Adults on Antiretroviral Treatment in Dessie referral hospital South Wollo Zone, Northcentral Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 407 selected adults living with Human Immune Virus receiving Anti-Retroviral treatment in Dessie referral hospital. Data was entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to STATA version 16.0 for cleaning and analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval was estimated to measure the strength of the association and the level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05. This study revealed that the magnitude of food insecurity was 62.4% (95% CI: 57.6, 44 66.8]. CD4 count <350 [AOR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.88, 6.52], average monthly household income ≤ 40 USD [AOR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.42, 3.84], World Health Organization clinical stage III&IV [AOR = 2.85, 95% CI: 1.61, 5.04], not getting any support [AOR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.45, 6.38] were factors significantly associated with food insecurity. Social protection interventions targeting patients with CD4 <350, monthly income less than 40 USD/month, World Health Organization clinical stage III &IV, and those patients with no support are crucial interventions for food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanuel Demisse
- Public Health Expert at South Wollo Zone Guguftu Woreda Health Office, Guguftu, Ethiopia
| | - Melake Demena
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Abrham Mengistu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wechemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia
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11
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Weldesenbet AB, Kebede SA, Ayele BH, Tusa BS. Health Insurance Coverage and Its Associated Factors Among Reproductive-Age Women in East Africa: A Multilevel Mixed-Effects Generalized Linear Model. Clinicoecon Outcomes Res 2021; 13:693-701. [PMID: 34349533 PMCID: PMC8326783 DOI: 10.2147/ceor.s322087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite improvement in access to modern healthcare services in East African countries, health-service delivery and health status of the population remained poor mainly due to the weak health-sector financing system. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the health insurance coverage and its associated factors among reproductive-age group (RAG) women in East Africa. Methods The most recent (between 2010 and 2018) Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data of the ten East African countries (Burundi, Comoros, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe) were included. STATA version 16.0 statistical software was used for data processing and analysis. In the multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear model, variables with a p-value ≤0.05 were declared as significant associated factors of health insurance coverage. Results The overall health insurance coverage in East Africa was 7.56% (95% CI: 7.42%, 7.77%). The odds of health insurance coverage were high among educated, currently working, and rich RAG women whereas it was low among rural residents. Besides, RAG women who have media exposure, visited by field workers, and visited health facilities have a higher chance of health insurance coverage. Conclusion Health insurance coverage in East Africa among RAG women was below ten percent. Educational status, working status, place of residence, wealth index, media exposure, visiting health facility within 12 months and being visited by field worker were significantly associated with health insurance coverage among RAG women in East Africa. Improving women’s access to health facilities, promoting field workers’ visit, and media exposure targeting uneducated, unemployed, and rural resident women of RAG will be a gateway to promote health insurance coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adisu Birhanu Weldesenbet
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Sewnet Adem Kebede
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Shalmeno Tusa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
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12
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Mengiste DA, Dirbsa AT, Ayele BH, Hailegiyorgis TT. Hepatitis B virus infection and its associated factors among medical waste collectors at public health facilities in eastern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:233. [PMID: 33639871 PMCID: PMC7912495 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05918-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of hepatitis B virus infection among medical waste handlers who undergo collection, transportation, and disposal of medical wastes in the health institutions is higher due to frequent exposure to contaminated blood and other body fluids. There is limited evidence on the seroprevalence of hepatitis B among medical waste handlers in eastern Ethiopia. The study was aimed at studying the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and associated risk factors among medical waste collectors at health facilities of eastern Ethiopia. METHODS A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected medical waste collectors from public health facilities in eastern Ethiopia from March to June 2018. A pre-tested and well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics and hepatitis B infection risk factors. A2.5ml venous blood was also collected, centrifuged and the serum was analyzed for hepatitis B surface antigen using the instant hepatitis B surface antigen kit. Descriptive summary measures were done. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to assess the risk of association. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted with 95% CI and all value at P-value < 0.05 was declared statistically significant. RESULTS From a total of 260 (97.38%) medical waste collectors participated, HBV was detected in 53 (20.4%) of the participants [95%CI; 15.8, 25.6]. No significant differences were observed in the detection rates of HBV with respect to socio-demographic characteristics. In both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis, being unvaccinated (AOR = 6.35; 95%CI = [2.53-15.96], P = 0.001), history of blood transfusion (receiving) (AOR; 3.54; 95%CI; [1.02-12.24], P = 0.046), history of tattooing (AOR = 2.86; 95%CI = [1.12-7.27], p = 0.03), and history of multiple sexual partner (AOR = 10.28; 95%CI = [4.16-25.38], P = 0.001) remained statistically significantly associated with HBsAg positivity. CONCLUSION This cross-sectional study identified that HBV infection is high among medical waste collectors in eastern Ethiopia. Immunization and on job health promotion and disease prevention measures should be considered in order to control the risk of HBV infection among medical waste collectors in eastern Ethiopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degu Abate Mengiste
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box, 235, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Tolera Dirbsa
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, P.O. Box, 235, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- Public Health and Policy Unit, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, P.O. Box, 235, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Tewodros Tesfa Hailegiyorgis
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box, 235, Harar, Ethiopia
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13
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Tujuba T, Ayele BH, Fage SG, Weldegebreal F. Anemia among Adult Diabetic Patients Attending a General Hospital in Eastern Ethiopia: a Cross-sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:467-476. [PMID: 33564253 PMCID: PMC7866907 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s289298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although anemia is a common condition among patients with diabetes mellitus, there is little evidence on anemia among this segment of population in Ethiopia at large and in the study setting in particular. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the magnitude of anemia and its associated factors among adult diabetic patients attending a general hospital in Eastern Ethiopia. METHODS A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 325 randomly selected adult diabetes mellitus patients attending a follow-up clinic at Gelemso General Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia. Data were collected through an interview using a pre-tested and structured questionnaire followed by physical and laboratory measurements. Data were then entered into EpiData Version.3.1 and analyzed by using STATA version 16.0. Binary logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with anemia. All statistical tests were declared significant at p-value < 0.05. RESULTS The magnitude of anemia among adult diabetic patients was 30.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 25.4%-35.4%). Anemia was higher in males (36%) than females (20.5%). Male gender (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.2, 3.8), DM duration of ≥5 years (AOR= 1.9, 95% CI: 1.0, 3.7), presence of comorbidity (AOR= 1.9, 95% CI: 1.0, 3.7), and having diabetic complications (AOR= 2.3, 95% CI: 1.3, 4.2) were significantly associated with anemia. CONCLUSION Anemia was a moderate public health problem among adult DM patients in the study setting. Being male in gender, duration of DM, presence of DM complications, and DM co-morbidities were factors associated with anemia. Therefore, routine screening and appropriate management of anemia targeting males, DM patients with longer duration of DM, and those with complications and co-morbidities should be devised to improve patients' quality of life. Early diagnosis and regular monitoring of DM could also help to minimize further complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teshome Tujuba
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Gelemso General Hospital, Gelemso, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Sagni Girma Fage
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Sagni Girma Fage College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O.Box 235, Harar, Ethiopia Email
| | - Fitsum Weldegebreal
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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14
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Ayele BH, Roba HS, Beyene AS, Mengesha MM. Prevalent, uncontrolled, and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus among urban adults in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia: A population-based cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2020; 8:2050312120975235. [PMID: 33282310 PMCID: PMC7686592 DOI: 10.1177/2050312120975235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Globally, 8.8% of adults were estimated to have diabetes mellitus, with the low-and middle-income countries sharing the largest burden. However, the research evidence for targeted interventions is lacking in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, disaggregated by the epidemiology of diabetes mellitus morbidity and associated factors among adults in Dire Dawa town, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: Data from a total of 872 randomly sampled adults aged 25–64 years were obtained for analysis using the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to non-communicable disease risk factors surveillance instruments. We estimated the prevalence of diabetes mellitus disaggregated by the previous diabetes mellitus diagnosis status and by the current blood sugar level control status. The bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to identify correlates of diabetes mellitus, along with STATA version 14.2 for data management and analysis. All statistical tests were declared significant at p-value < 0.05. Results: 14.9% (95% confidence interval: 12.1, 17.4) of adults aged 25–64 years had diabetes mellitus in the study sample with 58.5% (95% confidence interval: 49.7, 66.7) on diabetes mellitus medication. Among adults currently taking diabetes mellitus medications, 30.3% (95% confidence interval: 19.8, 45.6) had uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The magnitude of previously undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was 6.2% (95% confidence interval: 4.8, 8.0) in the study sample and 41.5% (95% confidence interval: 33.3, 50.3) among the diabetics. The odds of diabetes mellitus were higher among adults over the age of 55 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.2, 3.6), currently married adults (adjusted odds ratio = 2.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.2, 4.4), and overweight adults (adjusted odds ratio = 1.6, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 2.1). Adults with primary education (adjusted odds ratio = 0.4, 95% confidence interval: 0.2, 0.8) and no formal education (adjusted odds ratio = 0.5, 95% confidence interval: 0.2, 0.9) had lower odds of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adults was high in Dire Dawa, with a third of the diabetics having poor control of their blood sugar levels and, nearly four in ten were previously undiagnosed. Adults who were overweight, currently married, and those over 55 years need to be targeted for regular diabetes health checkups and community-based screening. Also, a mechanism should be instituted to track a patient’s adherence to medications and promote diabetes self-care management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Hirbo Shore Roba
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Addisu Shunu Beyene
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.,Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Melkamu Merid Mengesha
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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15
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Mengesha MM, Ayele BH, Beyene AS, Roba HS. Clustering of Elevated Blood Pressure, Elevated Blood Glucose, and Abdominal Obesity Among Adults in Dire Dawa: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2013-2024. [PMID: 32606860 PMCID: PMC7305819 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s250594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence shows that the presence of a single component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of developing the MetS later in life. This study estimated the prevalence and associated factors of abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated blood glucose, and the 3-factor MetS components among urban adults in Dire Dawa, East Ethiopia. METHODS Community-based cross-sectional data were collected from 872 adults aged 25-64 years. The joint interim statement (JIS) was used to define the MetS components. The dependent outcome variables were both the individual and the 3-factor MetS components. A robust variance Poisson regression model was used to directly estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) of risk factors. RESULTS The prevalence of the 3-factor MetS components (abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, and elevated blood glucose) was 9.5% (95% CI: 7.7, 11.7). Women had two times higher prevalence of the 3-factor MetS components compared with men, 11.6% (95% CI: 9.2, 14.5) vs 5.2% (95% CI: 3.2, 8.5). A higher prevalence of abdominal obesity, 46.4% (95% CI: 43.1, 49.8), followed by a raised blood pressure, 42.7% (95% CI: 39.4, 46.0), was observed among study subjects. The presence of a single MetS component had an associated cluster of other components: 33.7% of subjects with elevated blood glucose, 22.3% with elevated blood pressure, and 20.5% with abdominal obesity had also the 3-factor MetS components. Age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, and physical activity were significantly associated with the individual components or the 3-factor MetS components. CONCLUSION A higher prevalence of the individual components and the presence of clustering with a single factor identified call for the need of community screening. Interventions targeting both abdominal and general obesity through physical activity and lifestyle modification can contribute towards reducing cardiometabolic risk factors with due attention given to women and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melkamu Merid Mengesha
- Haramaya University, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harar, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Melkamu Merid Mengesha College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, EthiopiaTel +251912094941 Email
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- Haramaya University, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Addisu Shunu Beyene
- Haramaya University, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Hirbo Shore Roba
- Haramaya University, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harar, Ethiopia
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16
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Mengesha MM, Roba HS, Ayele BH, Beyene AS. Level of physical activity among urban adults and the socio-demographic correlates: a population-based cross-sectional study using the global physical activity questionnaire. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1160. [PMID: 31438909 PMCID: PMC6704679 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, in 2016, 23.3% of adult populations were physically inactive, and it accounts for 9% of the global premature mortality. However, evidence on the level of physical activity was limited in resource-poor settings. This study, therefore, assessed the adult's level of physical activity and its correlates among the urban population in Dire Dawa, eastern Ethiopia. METHODS A total of 872 randomly selected adults of age 25-64 years in Dire Dawa city, eastern Ethiopia, are included in this analysis. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) is used to measure physical activity. Individuals are considered physically active when they achieved metabolic equivalent tasks (MET) minutes of 600 or more per week, and otherwise inactive. A binary logistic regression is used to identify the correlates of physical activity. RESULTS 54.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 51.6 to 58.2) of adults were physically active, with a higher proportion of men being physically active than women, 63.9% (95% CI 58.1 to 69.3) versus 50.6% (95% CI 46.5 to 54.6). Among the adults who reported doing physical activity, the highest domain-specific contribution to the total physical activity was from activities at workplaces, and leisure-time activities contributed the least. The proportion of adults who engaged in a high-level physical activity was 37.0% (95% CI 33.9 to 40.3). Male adults were 1.45 times (aOR (adjusted odds ratio) =1.45; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.99) more likely to achieve the recommended level of physical activity. In contrary, unemployed adults (aOR = 0.51; 95% CI 0.35 to 0.75) were less likely to perform the recommended level of physical activity to accrue health benefits. CONCLUSION Interventions aimed at promoting physical activity should target unemployed and female adults. We recommend further study to explore the contextual factors that hinder physical activity in the study setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melkamu Merid Mengesha
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 235, Harar, Ethiopia.
| | - Hirbo Shore Roba
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 235, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Addisu Shunu Beyene
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.,Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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17
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Ayele BH, Mengesha MM, Tesfa T. Predictors of self-care activities of outpatient diabetic residents in Harar and Dire Dawa: A hospital-based cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119865646. [PMID: 31384462 PMCID: PMC6647214 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119865646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of major public health importance due to its prevalence and potential health complication. The success of long-term maintenance therapy of diabetes patients depends largely on their ability to adherence to self-care practices. Africa's most populous country, Ethiopia, has the highest burden of diabetes mellitus. However, studies on self-care activities of diabetic patients are limited. Therefore, this study measures the level of self-care activities of diabetic patients in a follow-up clinic of public hospitals in Harar and Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. METHODS A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 randomly selected diabetic patients in Harar and Dire Dawa. A standard diabetic self-care activity interview tool was used to collect the data. Data were entered into Epi-data v 3.1 and STATA v 14.2 was used for analysis. Our outcome variable, self-care activities, has three ordered categories and a robust Ordinal logistic regression was used to identify predictors. All statistical tests with p-value <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. RESULTS The self-care activities of study participants were rated good for 38.1% (95% confidence interval: 32.94, 43.60). Being rural residents (adjusted odds ratio = 0.38, 95% confidence interval: 0.17, 0.82), attended secondary education (adjusted odds ratio = 2.96, 95% confidence interval: 1.51, 5.78), uncontrolled blood glucose (adjusted odds ratio = 1.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 2.79), and had diabetic complications (one, adjusted odds ratio = 1.91, 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 3.38; two or more, adjusted odds ratio = 4.71, 95% confidence interval: 1.81, 12.25) were significantly associated with the better diabetes mellitus self-care activities. CONCLUSION Significant number of diabetes mellitus patients living in rural areas did not adhere to diabetic self-care activities. This is more evident among participants who have limited or no formal education and patients with controlled blood glucose level. Therefore, individualized diabetic lifestyle education programs in follow-up clinics should target these population groups to improve self-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- Public Health and Policy Unit, School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Merid Mengesha
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Tewodros Tesfa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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18
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Ayele BH, Geleto A, Ayana DA, Redi M. Prevalence of feco-oral transmitted protozoan infections and associated factors among university students in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:499. [PMID: 31174474 PMCID: PMC6555915 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An estimated 60% of the world’s population is infected with one form of intestinal parasites. Amoebiasis and giardiasis are among the leading intestinal protozoan infections that affected mankind. However, literature that shows the magnitude of the problem among university students in Ethiopia is at scarce. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of feco-oral transmitted protozoan infections and associated factors among sport festival participant universities in Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study design was conducted among 483 randomly selected university sport festival participant students. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Stool specimens were examined using direct wet mount and formol-ether concentration techniques. The data were entered into Epi Info version 6.04 and were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 statistical software. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to control the possible confounders and an odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval at p < 0.05 was used to identify an association between variables. Result The overall prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections was 140(28.9%) with the predominantly higher prevalence of E. histolytica/E. dispar 95(19.7%). The female respondents were at lower risk of infections compared to their male counterparts (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.97]. Participants with educated father (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.86) and those who received pocket money of > 347 Ethiopian Birr (~ 14 USD) per month (AOR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.74) were at lower risk of infections. However, being married (AOR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.23), rural resident (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.21, 3.32) and university stay for two or more years (AOR = 2.21, 95%CI: 1.48, 3.87) were more likely to be infected with protozoan infections. Conclusion The prevalence of intestinal protozoan infection among students who attend higher educational institutions was very high. Infection prevention strategies should be undertaken at respective universities with special focus to senior students and students from the rural area. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-4095-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behailu Hawulte Ayele
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
| | - Ayele Geleto
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Desalegn Admassu Ayana
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Muhedin Redi
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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