1
|
Najafi A, Tasharrofi B, Zandsalimi F, Rasulinezhad M, Ghahvechi Akbari M, Zamani G, Ashrafi MR, Heidari M. Spinal Muscular Atrophy with Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy (SMA-PME): three new cases and review of the mutational spectrum. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:64. [PMID: 37280710 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) could be classified as 5q and non-5q, based on the chromosomal location of causative genes. A rare form of non-5q SMA is an autosomal-recessive condition called spinal muscular atrophy with progressive myoclonic epilepsy (SMA-PME), phenotypically characterized by myoclonic and generalized seizures with progressive neurological deterioration. SMA-PME is a clinically heterogeneous disorder that arises from biallelic pathogenic variants in ASAH1 gene. METHODS Following clinical and primary laboratory assessments, whole-exome sequencing was performed to detect the disease-causing variants in three cases of SMA-PME from different families. Also, Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was employed for determining the copy numbers of SMN1 and SMN2 genes to rule out 5q SMA. RESULTS Exome sequencing revealed two different homozygous missense mutations (c.109 C > A [p.Pro37Thr] or c.125 C > T [p.Thr42Met]) in exon 2 of the ASAH1 gene in the affected members of the families. Sanger sequencing of the other family members showed the expected heterozygous carriers. In addition, no clinically relevant variant was identified in patients by MLPA. CONCLUSION This study describes two different ASAH1 mutations and the clinical picture of 3 SMA-PME patients. In addition, previously reported mutations have been reviewed. This study could help to fortify the database of this rare disease with more clinical and genomic data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Najafi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnoosh Tasharrofi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Zandsalimi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rasulinezhad
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masood Ghahvechi Akbari
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Zamani
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Ashrafi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Morteza Heidari
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tasharrofi B, Ghafouri-Fard S. Long Non-coding RNAs as Regulators of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Pathway in Cancer. Klin Onkol 2018; 31:95-102. [DOI: 10.14735/amko201895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
3
|
Sarrafzadeh S, Geranpayeh L, Tasharrofi B, Soudyab M, Nikpayam E, Iranpour M, Mirfakhraie R, Gharesouran J, Ghafouri-Fard S, Ghafouri-Fard S. Expression Study and Clinical Correlations of MYC and CCAT2 in Breast Cancer Patients. Iran Biomed J 2017; 21:303-11. [PMID: 28480695 PMCID: PMC5548962 DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.ibj.21.5.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) is a newly recognized lncRNA transcribed from the 8q24 genomic region. It functions as an oncogene in various types of cancers including breast cancer, in which it affects Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Previous studies have shown a putative interaction between this lncRNA and MYC proto-oncogene. Methods: In the current study, we evaluated the expression of CCAT2 in breast cancer tissues with regards to the expression of its target MYC. In addition, we assessed the relationship between CCAT2 and MYC expression levels in tumor tissues and the clinical prognostic characteristics of breast cancer patients. Results: MYC expression levels were significantly up-regulated in tumor tissues compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCTs), while such analysis showed no statistically significant difference between these two tissue types in CCAT2 expression. Starkly increased CCAT2 gene expression levels were found in 12/48 (25%) of cancer tissue samples compared with their corresponding ANCTs. Furthermore, significant inverse correlations were found between CCAT2 expression and stage, as well as lymph node involvement. Besides, a significant inverse correlation was found between the relative MYC expression in tumor tissues compared with their corresponding ANCTs and disease stage. Conclusions: These results highlight the significance of MYC and CCAT2 expressions in the early stages of breast cancer development and suggest a potentially significant role for CCAT2 in a subset of breast cancer patients, which could be applied as a potential therapeutic target in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Sarrafzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lobat Geranpayeh
- Department of Surgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnoosh Tasharrofi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soudyab
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Nikpayam
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Iranpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Gharesouran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
|
5
|
Nikpayam E, Soudyab M, Tasharrofi B, Sarrafzadeh S, Iranpour M, Geranpayeh L, Mirfakhraie R, Gharesouran J, Ghafouri-Fard S. Expression analysis of long non-coding ATB and its putative target in breast cancer. Breast Dis 2017; 37:11-20. [PMID: 28598827 DOI: 10.3233/bd-160264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) activated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β (lncRNA-ATB) has been recently shown to promote the invasion-metastasis cascade in various types of cancers via upregulation of some targets including ZEB1. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to elucidate the expression of lncRNA-ATB and ZEB in breast cancer patients. METHODS The expression of these genes was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in tumor samples form 50 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients as well as their corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCTs). Patients were divided into subsequent groups according to the median lncRNA-ATB expression. RESULTS LncRNA-ATB has been shown to be downregulated in about two third of tumor samples compared with their ANCTs.A significant association has been found between ZEB1 expression and Ki-67 status. In addition, we demonstrated a correlation between expression of lncRNA-ATB and ZEB1 in tumor samples and not in ANCTs. CONCLUSION Collectively, out data show downregulation of lncRNA-ATB in a significant number of breast tumor tissues compared with ANCTs and imply that lncRNA-ATB might have distinct roles in the pathogenesis of different cancers or even different subtypes of a certain cancer which should be evaluated in future studies.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Breast/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cadherins/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Young Adult
- Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Nikpayam
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soudyab
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnoosh Tasharrofi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Sarrafzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Iranpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lobat Geranpayeh
- Department of Surgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Gharesouran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most fatal tumor of female's reproductive system, and several genetics and environmental factors are involved in its development. Various studies have already identified some suitable biomarkers to facilitate the early detection, the prognosis evaluation, and the assessment of treatment response. However, the aim of this review is to investigate the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis process of ovarian cancer and their potential applications as ovarian cancer biomarkers. We performed an online literature search of the MEDLINE/PubMed databases using the keywords, including ovarian cancer, lncRNA, and biomarker. We found that several lncRNAs have been shown to be deregulated in ovarian cancer and the specific mechanism of their enrollment in ovarian cancer has been defined for a few of them. In addition, expression profiling has revealed an association between lncRNAs and patients' survival, metastasis potential, as well as treatment response. Expression profiling and methylation analysis of lncRNAs in ovarian cancer may lead to the identification of novel biomarkers that can help in the classification of patients based on prognosis and treatment response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Nikpayam
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnoosh Tasharrofi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Sarrafzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tasharrofi B, Soudyab M, Nikpayam E, Iranpour M, Mirfakhraie R, Sarrafzadeh S, Geranpayeh L, Azargashb E, Sayad A, Ghafouri-Fard S. Comparative expression analysis of hypoxia-inducible factor-alpha and its natural occurring antisense in breast cancer tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Cell Biochem Funct 2016; 34:572-578. [PMID: 27862063 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) have been shown to be upregulated in tumor tissues and linked with tumor progression and metastasis in breast cancer. Among regulatory mechanisms for HIF expression is a natural occurring antisense named aHIF, which has been shown to be overexpressed in breast cancer and influence the level of the HIF-1α transcript. In the present study, we analyzed the expression of HIF-1α and aHIF in breast cancer tissues versus adjacent noncancer tissues (ANCTs) in relation with the clinical and biological behavior of the tumors. aHIF has been shown to be expressed in 67.4% of invasive ductal carcinoma samples, while none of ANCTs showed its expression. HIF-1α has been expressed in all of tumors and 90% of ANCTs. Comparison of HIF-1α expression level between tumor and ANCT tissues showed a total upregulation in tumor samples. No statistically significant association has been found between the level of HIF-1α expression in tumor samples and clinicopathologic and demographic characteristics such as age, tumor size, estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, HER2/neu expression level, lymph node status, histological grade, and stage except for a weak correlation between HIF-1α expression and Ki-67 status. Besides, we could not detect any significant correlation between relative expression of HIF-1α and aHIF in tumor samples. Collectively, these data suggest that aHIF overexpression can be used as a potential biomarker in breast cancer. However, further studies are needed for the evaluation of its mechanism of action in regulation of HIF-1α expression in different pathological conditions. HIF-1α overexpression results in the upregulation of several genes that participated in cancer-associated pathways such as proliferation, angiogenesis, and glucose metabolism. We showed that HIF-1α is upregulated in breast tumor samples compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues. Its expression has been associated with Ki-67 status. Its natural occurring antisense is only expressed in tumor tissues. Thus, it can be used as a potential biomarker in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behnoosh Tasharrofi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soudyab
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Nikpayam
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Iranpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Sarrafzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lobat Geranpayeh
- Department of Surgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eznollah Azargashb
- Department of Social Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important candidates for MSC-based cellular therapy. Current paradigm states that MSCs support local progenitor cells in damaged tissue through paracrine signaling. Therefore, the study of paracrine effects and secretome of MSCs could lead to the appreciation of mechanisms and molecules associated with the therapeutic effects of these cells. This study analyzed anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects of MSC secretomes derived from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and bone marrow cells after hypoxia and normoxia preconditioning. Methods: ESCs differentiated into MSCs and characterized by flow cytometry as well as by differentiation into adipocytes and osteoblasts. The experimental groups were consisted of individual groups of ESC-MSCs and BM-MSCs (bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells), which were preconditioned with either hypoxia or normoxia for 24, 48 and 72 h. After collecting the cell-free medium from each treatment, secretomes were concentrated by centrifugal filters. Using a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) assay and ELISA, IL-10 concentration in PBMCs was evaluated after their incubation with different secretomes from preconditioned and non-preconditioned MSCs. Results: A significant difference was observed between ESC-MSC normoxia and ESC-MSC hypoxia in IL-10 concentration, and normoxia secretomes increased IL-10 secretion from PBMCs. Moreover, the strongest IL-10 secretion from PBMCs could be detected after the stimulation by ESC-MSC conditioned secretomes, but not BM-MSC conditioned medium. Conclusions: Human hypoxia preconditioned ESC-MSC secretome indicated stronger immune-modulatory effects compared to BM-MSC conditioned medium. It could be suggested that induced MSCs confer less immune-modulatory effects but produce more inflammatory molecules such as tumor necrosis factor α, which needs further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Nikpayam
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnoosh Tasharrofi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Sarrafzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|