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Abrahamian P, Tian T, Posis K, Guo YY, Yu D, Blomquist CL, Wei G, Adducci BA, Vidalakis G, Bodaghi S, Osman F, Roy A, Nunziata S, Nakhla MK, Mavrodieva V, Rivera Y. Genetic analysis of the emerging citrus yellow vein clearing virus reveals a divergent virus population in American isolates. Plant Dis 2023. [PMID: 38127632 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-23-1963-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Citrus yellow vein clearing virus (CYVCV) is a previously reported citrus virus from Asia with widespread distribution in China. In 2022 the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) conducted a multi-pest citrus survey targeting multiple citrus pathogens including CYVCV. In March 2022, a lemon tree with symptoms of vein clearing, chlorosis and mottling in a private garden in the city of Tulare, California tested positive for CYVCV, which triggered an intensive survey in the surrounding areas. A total of 3,019 plant samples, including citrus and non-citrus species, were collected, and tested for CYVCV using conventional RT-PCR, RT-qPCR, and Sanger sequencing. Five hundred eighty-six citrus trees tested positive for CYVCV, including eight citrus species not previously recorded infected under field conditions. Comparative genomic studies were conducted using seventeen complete viral genomes. Sequence analysis revealed two major phylogenetic groups. Known Asian isolates and five California isolates from this study comprised the first group, whereas all other CYVCV isolates from California formed a second group, distinct from all worldwide isolates. Overall, CYVCV population shows rapid expansion and high differentiation indicating a population bottleneck typical of a recent introduction into a new geographic area. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Abrahamian
- USDA ARS National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, United States;
| | - Tongyan Tian
- CDFA, Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, California, United States, 95832;
| | - Katie Posis
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, 3294 Meadowview Rd., Sacramento, California, United States, 95832;
| | - Ying Yi Guo
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Pest Diagnostics, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, California, United States, 95832;
| | - Doris Yu
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, , Plant Pest Diagnostics Laboratory (CDFA-PPDC), Sacramento, California, United States;
| | - Cheryl L Blomquist
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, , Plant Pest Diagnostics Laboratory (CDFA-PPDC), 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, California, United States, 95832;
| | - Gang Wei
- APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine, 171300, S&T PPCDL, Laurel, Maryland, United States;
| | - Benjamin A Adducci
- APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine, 171300, S&T PPCDL, Laurel, Maryland, United States;
| | - Georgios Vidalakis
- University of California, Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States, 92521;
| | - Sohrab Bodaghi
- University of California Riverside, 8790, Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Riverside, California, United States;
| | - Fatima Osman
- University of California Davis, Foundation Plant Services, 455 Hopkins road, Davis, California, United States, 95616;
| | - Avijit Roy
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, 17123, Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Building 004, Room 117, BARC-West, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20250;
| | - Schyler Nunziata
- PPQ, CPHST, National Plant Germplasm and Biotechnology Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, United States;
| | - Mark K Nakhla
- USDA, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service; Plant Protection and Quarantine, Science and Technology, Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, United States;
| | - Vessela Mavrodieva
- APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine, 171300, S&T PPCDL, Laurel, Maryland, United States;
| | - Yazmin Rivera
- USDA, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service; Plant Protection and Quarantine, Science and Technology, Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostics Laboratory, Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostics Laboratory, 9901 Powder Mill Rd, Laurel, Maryland, United States, 20705;
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