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Van de Velde J, Levecque K, Weijters B, Laureys S. Doing what matters in times of stress: No-nonsense meditation and occupational well-being in COVID-19. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292406. [PMID: 37910465 PMCID: PMC10619828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
While the COVID-19 pandemic challenged the general public's health and well-being, it exacerbated the pre-existing well-being issues in the educational sector in many countries. Mindfulness-based interventions are often applied to protect and promote occupational well-being. To investigate how the well-being benefits of these interventions arise, we selected one accessible technique that is used in most of them: focused attention meditation. In the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic, 199 teachers voluntarily practiced five to ten minutes of meditation together with their pupils, every morning for six months. We employed a three-wave longitudinal design to follow any changes in the meditating teachers' well-being and compared these changes to a waitlist control condition of 42 teachers. Three dimensions of well-being were measured at baseline, half-time, and post-intervention: emotional, cognitive, and physical well-being. Latent growth curve models revealed that the meditation technique not only improves well-being but also prevents the development of well-being problems. The practice of focused attention meditation resulted in improvements in emotional and physical well-being and prevented the development of cognitive well-being problems that were observed within the control condition. The effects were strongest for emotional and cognitive well-being and followed a linear trend. This paper shows that the well-being effects of mindfulness-based interventions are at least in part due to the focused attention meditation that is practiced in them. Occupational groups that experience emotional, cognitive, or physical well-being issues can benefit from a few minutes of focused attention meditation per day.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katia Levecque
- Department of Work, Organization, and Society, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert Weijters
- Department of Work, Organization, and Society, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Laureys
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness Research Unit, University and University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada
- Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Van Hoye G, Lievens F, Weijters B, Cromheecke S. Employer image within and across industries: Moving beyond assessing
points‐of‐relevance
to identifying
points‐of‐difference. Human Resource Management 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/hrm.22105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Greet Van Hoye
- Department of Marketing, Innovation, and Organisation Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Filip Lievens
- Lee Kong Chian School of Business, Singapore Management University Singapore
- Department of Work, Organization and Society Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Bert Weijters
- Department of Work, Organization and Society Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Saartje Cromheecke
- Department Business and Management Artevelde University of Applied Sciences Ghent Belgium
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Abstract
We propose the use of balanced item parcels to account for method effects caused by acquiescent responding. The use of balanced parcels avoids the need to model method effects explicitly and results in a parsimonious specification of measurement and full structural equation models in the presence of unwanted method effects, particularly when a scale consists of a relatively large number of items. Balanced item parcels are sums or averages of individual items consisting of an equal number of regular and reversed items measuring the same construct. When regular and reversed items are combined into parcels, method effects cancel out (assuming that the method effects affecting the regular and reversed items in a parcel are equal in magnitude), and model fit and parameter estimates will no longer be negatively affected by acquiescent responding. We discuss why balanced item parceling works and when it is likely to prove beneficial, and we present a step-by-step procedure explaining how to use balanced item parceling in practice. We also report a brief hypothetical example to illustrate the proposed approach.
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Vermeir I, Weijters B, De Houwer J, Geuens M, Slabbinck H, Spruyt A, Van Kerckhove A, Van Lippevelde W, De Steur H, Verbeke W. Corrigendum: Environmentally Sustainable Food Consumption: A Review and Research Agenda From a Goal-Directed Perspective. Front Psychol 2020; 11:585387. [PMID: 33192914 PMCID: PMC7609954 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.585387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01603.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Vermeir
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert Weijters
- BE4LIFE, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan De Houwer
- BE4LIFE, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maggie Geuens
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hendrik Slabbinck
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adriaan Spruyt
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anneleen Van Kerckhove
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wendy Van Lippevelde
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hans De Steur
- BE4LIFE, Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Verbeke
- BE4LIFE, Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Vermeir I, Weijters B, De Houwer J, Geuens M, Slabbinck H, Spruyt A, Van Kerckhove A, Van Lippevelde W, De Steur H, Verbeke W. Environmentally Sustainable Food Consumption: A Review and Research Agenda From a Goal-Directed Perspective. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1603. [PMID: 32754095 PMCID: PMC7381298 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The challenge of convincing people to change their eating habits toward more environmentally sustainable food consumption (ESFC) patterns is becoming increasingly pressing. Food preferences, choices and eating habits are notoriously hard to change as they are a central aspect of people's lifestyles and their socio-cultural environment. Many people already hold positive attitudes toward sustainable food, but the notable gap between favorable attitudes and actual purchase and consumption of more sustainable food products remains to be bridged. The current work aims to (1) present a comprehensive theoretical framework for future research on ESFC, and (2) highlight behavioral solutions for environmental challenges in the food domain from an interdisciplinary perspective. First, starting from the premise that food consumption is deliberately or unintentionally directed at attaining goals, a goal-directed framework for understanding and influencing ESFC is built. To engage in goal-directed behavior, people typically go through a series of sequential steps. The proposed theoretical framework makes explicit the sequential steps or hurdles that need to be taken for consumers to engage in ESFC. Consumers need to positively value the environment, discern a discrepancy between the desired versus the actual state of the environment, opt for action to reduce the experienced discrepancy, intend to engage in behavior that is expected to bring them closer to the desired end state, and act in accordance with their intention. Second, a critical review of the literature on mechanisms that underlie and explain ESFC (or the lack thereof) in high-income countries is presented and integrated into the goal-directed framework. This contribution thus combines a top-down conceptualization with a bottom-up literature review; it identifies and discusses factors that might hold people back from ESFC and interventions that might promote ESFC; and it reveals knowledge gaps as well as insights on how to encourage both short- and long-term ESFC by confronting extant literature with the theoretical framework. Altogether, the analysis yields a set of 33 future research questions in the interdisciplinary food domain that deserve to be addressed with the aim of fostering ESFC in the short and long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Vermeir
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert Weijters
- BE4LIFE, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan De Houwer
- BE4LIFE, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maggie Geuens
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hendrik Slabbinck
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adriaan Spruyt
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anneleen Van Kerckhove
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wendy Van Lippevelde
- BE4LIFE, Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hans De Steur
- BE4LIFE, Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Verbeke
- BE4LIFE, Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Wille L, Derous E, Weijters B. Differentiation is key: should employers offer something unique or the same yet better? European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2020.1750472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lien Wille
- Department of Human Resource Management and Organisational Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Eva Derous
- Department of Human Resource Management and Organisational Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Bert Weijters
- Department of Work, Organisation and Society, Ghent University, Belgium
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Abstract
Abstract. Recruitment research on person–organization fit has typically focused on organizations’ fit with potential applicants’ actual self, not considering other possible self-images. Based on image congruity theory, we investigate how actual and ideal self-congruity relate to application intentions and intentions to spread word-of-mouth. In a first study, conducted in Belgium, actual and ideal self-congruity related positively to both outcomes. The relation with application intentions was equally positive for actual and ideal self-congruity. Ideal self-congruity showed a stronger positive relation with word-of-mouth intentions. A second study replicated these findings in the United States and tested for social adjustment concern (need to impress others) as a moderator. As social adjustment concern increased, relations of both outcomes with ideal (actual) self-congruity were stronger (weaker).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien Wille
- Department of Personnel Management, Work and Organizational Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Greet Van Hoye
- Department of Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Bert Weijters
- Department of Personnel Management, Work and Organizational Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Deva Rangarajan
- Department of Marketing, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Marieke Carpentier
- Department of Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior, Ghent University, Belgium
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Weijters B, Baumgartner H. Analyzing Policy Capturing Data Using Structural Equation Modeling for Within-Subject Experiments (SEMWISE). Organizational Research Methods 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1094428118756742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bert Weijters
- Department of Personnel Management, Work and Organizational Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hans Baumgartner
- Department of Marketing, Smeal College of Business at The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Van Hoye G, Weijters B, Lievens F, Stockman S. Social Influences in Recruitment: When is word-of-mouth most effective? International Journal of Selection and Assessment 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ijsa.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Greet Van Hoye
- Department of Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior; Ghent University; Henleykaai 84 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Bert Weijters
- Department of Personnel Management, Work and Organizational Psychology; Ghent University; Henri-Dunantlaan 2 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Filip Lievens
- Department of Personnel Management, Work and Organizational Psychology; Ghent University; Henri-Dunantlaan 2 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Sara Stockman
- Department of Human Resource Management and Organizational Behavior; Ghent University; Henleykaai 84 9000 Ghent Belgium
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Van Hoye G, Saks AM, Lievens F, Weijters B. Development and test of an integrative model of job search behaviour. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2014.964214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
In the recent methodological literature, various models have been proposed to account for the phenomenon that reversed items (defined as items for which respondents' scores have to be recoded in order to make the direction of keying consistent across all items) tend to lead to problematic responses. In this article we propose an integrative conceptualization of three important sources of reversed item method bias (acquiescence, careless responding, and confirmation bias) and specify a multisample confirmatory factor analysis model with 2 method factors to empirically test the hypothesized mechanisms, using explicit measures of acquiescence and carelessness and experimentally manipulated versions of a questionnaire that varies 3 item arrangements and the keying direction of the first item measuring the focal construct. We explain the mechanisms, review prior attempts to model reversed item bias, present our new model, and apply it to responses to a 4-item self-esteem scale (N = 306) and the 6-item Revised Life Orientation Test (N = 595). Based on the literature review and the empirical results, we formulate recommendations on how to use reversed items in questionnaires.
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Abstract
Modeling capabilities for longitudinal data have progressed considerably, but questions remain on the extent to which method bias may negatively affect the validity of longitudinal survey data. The current study addresses the stability of individual response styles. We set up a longitudinal data collection in which the same respondents filled out 2 online questionnaires with nonoverlapping sets of heterogeneous items. Between data collections, there was a 1-year time gap. We simultaneously modeled 4 response styles that capture the major directional biases in questionnaire responses: acquiescence, disacquiescence, midpoint, and extreme response style. Drawing from latent state-trait theory, we specified a 2nd-order factor model with time-invariant and time-specific response style factors and a specifically designed covariance structure for the residual terms. The results indicate that response styles have an important stable component, a small part of which can be explained by demographics. The meaning and implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Weijters
- Department of Marketing, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School, Reep 1, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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