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Carnesecchi E, Langezaal I, Browne P, Batista-Leite S, Campia I, Coecke S, Dagallier B, Deceuninck P, Dorne JLC, Tarazona JV, Le Goff F, Leinala E, Morath S, Munn S, Richardson J, Paini A, Wittwehr C. OECD harmonised template 201: Structuring and reporting mechanistic information to foster the integration of new approach methodologies for hazard and risk assessment of chemicals. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2023:105426. [PMID: 37277057 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the European Union, the Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability (CSS) highlights the need to enhance the identification and assessment of substances of concern while reducing animal testing, thus fostering the development and use of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) such as in silico, in vitro and in chemico. In the United States, the Tox21 strategy aims at shifting toxicological assessments away from traditional animal studies towards target-specific, mechanism-based and biological observations mainly obtained by using NAMs. Many other jurisdictions around the world are also increasing the use of NAMs. Hence, the provision of dedicated non-animal toxicological data and reporting formats as a basis for chemical risk assessment is necessary. Harmonising data reporting is crucial when aiming at re-using and sharing data for chemical risk assessment across jurisdictions. The OECD has developed a series of OECD Harmonised Templates (OHT), which are standard data formats designed for reporting information used for the risk assessment of chemicals relevant to their intrinsic properties, including effects on human health (e.g., toxicokinetics, skin sensitisation, repeated dose toxicity) and the environment (e.g., toxicity to test species and wildlife, biodegradation in soil, metabolism of residues in crops). The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the applicability of the OHT standard format for reporting information under various chemical risk assessment regimes, and to provide users with practical guidance on the use of OHT 201, in particular to report test results on intermediate effects and mechanistic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Carnesecchi
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Environment Directorate, 75775, Paris CEDEX 16, France.
| | | | - Patience Browne
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Environment Directorate, 75775, Paris CEDEX 16, France
| | | | - Ivana Campia
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Sandra Coecke
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Bertrand Dagallier
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Environment Directorate, 75775, Paris CEDEX 16, France
| | | | - Jean Lou Cm Dorne
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Via Carlo Magno, 1A, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Jose V Tarazona
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Via Carlo Magno, 1A, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Francois Le Goff
- European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), Telakkakatu 6, P.O. Box 400, FI-0012, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eeva Leinala
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Environment Directorate, 75775, Paris CEDEX 16, France
| | | | - Sharon Munn
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Jane Richardson
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Via Carlo Magno, 1A, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Alicia Paini
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
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Friedrichs S, Takasu Y, Kearns P, Dagallier B, Oshima R, Schofield J, Moreddu C. Policy Considerations Regarding Genome Editing. Trends Biotechnol 2019; 37:1029-1032. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Friedrichs S, Takasu Y, Kearns P, Dagallier B, Oshima R, Schofield J, Moreddu C. Meeting report of the OECD conference on "Genome Editing: Applications in Agriculture-Implications for Health, Environment and Regulation". Transgenic Res 2019; 28:419-463. [PMID: 31309374 PMCID: PMC6647521 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-019-00154-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The "OECD Conference on Genome Editing: Applications in Agriculture-Implications for Health, Environment and Regulation" was held on the 28-29 June 2018 at the OECD headquarter and conference centre in Paris, France. It brought together policy makers, academia, innovators and other stakeholders involved in the topic, in order to take stock of the current technical developments and implementations of genome editing, as well as their applications in various areas of agriculture and the implications they give rise to (More information on the "OECD Conference on Genome Editing: Applications in Agriculture-Implications for Health, Environment and Regulation" can be found on the OECD Genome Editing hub: http://www.oecd.org/environment/genome-editing-agriculture/ ; the hub also contains the detailed conference programme, the biographies of all conference speakers, the detailed conference abstracts, and the presentations of the two-day conference). The conference aimed to provide a clearer understanding of the regulatory considerations raised by products of genome editing, pointing towards a coherent policy approach to facilitate innovations involving genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoko Takasu
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2, Rue André Pascal, 75775, Paris Cedex 16, France
| | - Peter Kearns
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2, Rue André Pascal, 75775, Paris Cedex 16, France
| | - Bertrand Dagallier
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2, Rue André Pascal, 75775, Paris Cedex 16, France
| | - Ryudai Oshima
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2, Rue André Pascal, 75775, Paris Cedex 16, France
| | - Janet Schofield
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2, Rue André Pascal, 75775, Paris Cedex 16, France
| | - Catherine Moreddu
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2, Rue André Pascal, 75775, Paris Cedex 16, France
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