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Kim HJ, Choo M, Kwon HN, Yoo KD, Kim Y, Tsogbadrakh B, Kang E, Park S, Oh KH. Metabolomic profiling of overnight peritoneal dialysis effluents predicts the peritoneal equilibration test type. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3803. [PMID: 36882429 PMCID: PMC9992441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29741-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study primarily aimed to evaluate whether peritoneal equilibration test (PET) results can be predicted through the metabolomic analysis of overnight peritoneal dialysis (PD) effluents. From a total of 125 patients, overnight PD effluents on the day of the first PET after PD initiation were analyzed. A modified 4.25% dextrose PET was performed, and the PET type was categorized according to the dialysate-to-plasma creatinine ratio at the 4-h dwell time during the PET as follows: high, high average, low average, or low transporter. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics was used to analyze the effluents and identify the metabolites. The predictive performances derived from the orthogonal projection to latent structure discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) modeling of the NMR spectrum were estimated by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The OPLS-DA score plot indicated significant metabolite differences between high and low PET types. The relative concentrations of alanine and creatinine were greater in the high transporter type than in the low transporter type. The relative concentrations of glucose and lactate were greater in the low transporter type than in the high transporter type. The AUC of a composite of four metabolites was 0.975 in distinguish between high and low PET types. Measured PET results correlated well with the total NMR metabolic profile of overnight PD effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Munki Choo
- Natural Product Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk Nam Kwon
- Natural Product Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kyung Don Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Yunmi Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | | | - Eunjeong Kang
- Transplantation Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunghyouk Park
- Natural Product Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Tsogbadrakh B, Jung JA, Lee M, Lee JA, Seo JH. Identifying serum miRNA biomarkers for radiation exposure in hematopoietic humanized NSG-SGM3 mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 599:51-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Lee J, Ju KD, Kim HJ, Tsogbadrakh B, Ryu H, Kang E, Kang M, Yang J, Kang HG, Ahn C, Oh KH. Soluble α-klotho anchors TRPV5 to the distal tubular cell membrane independent of FGFR1 by binding TRPV5 and galectin-1 simultaneously. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F559-F568. [PMID: 33615893 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00044.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercalciuria is one of the early manifestations of diabetic nephropathy (DN). This is partially due to a decrease in the expression of renal transient receptor potential vanilloid type 5 (TRPV5), which is responsible for renal Ca2+ reabsorption. Soluble klotho has been previously determined to increase TRPV5 by cleaving sialic acid, causing TRPV5 to bind to membrane protein galectin-1. However, a recent study showed that soluble klotho binds to α2-3-sialyllactose, where sialic acid is located, on TRPV5, rather than cleave it. Here, we report that soluble klotho tethers TRPV5 on the membrane by binding both TRPV5 and galectin-1, thereby protecting membrane TRPV5 from diabetes-induced endocytosis. In the present study, we injected recombinant soluble α-klotho protein (rKL) into db/db and db/m mice for 8 wk and collected urine and kidneys. We administered rKL, AZD4547 [fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor type 1 inhibitor], and OTX008 (galectin-1 inhibitor) to cultured mouse distal tubular cells with or without 30 mM high-glucose (HG) exposure. db/db mice showed increased renal Ca2+ excretion and decreased renal TRPV5 expression. rKL treatment reversed this change. In vitro, TRPV5 expression in distal tubular cells decreased under HG conditions, and rKL successfully upregulated TRPV5 with or without FGF23. Also, immunofluorescence showed colocalization of klotho, TRPV5, and galectin-1 in distal tubule cells, suggesting that klotho binds to both TRPV5 and galectin-1. Moreover, when both FGF receptor type 1 and galectin-1 were inhibited, rKL failed to increase TRPV5 under HG conditions. Our results indicate that soluble klotho prevents TRPV5 from degradation and subsequent diabetes-induced endocytosis by anchoring TRPV5 through binding with both TRPV5 and galectin-1.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Soluble α-klotho anchors transient receptor potential vanilloid type 5 (TRPV5) on the apical membrane of the distal tubule by binding both TRPV5 and a membrane-abundant protein, galectin-1. This newly discovered mechanism works even when fibroblast growth factor (FGF)23 signaling is inhibited by treatment with FGF receptor type 1 inhibitor. Therefore, we identified how soluble α-klotho increases TRPV5 without FGF23. We confirmed this mechanism by observing that soluble α-klotho fails to enhance TRPV5 when both FGF receptor type 1 and galectin-1 are inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Lee
- Center of Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Don Ju
- Center of Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | | | - Hyunjin Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunjeong Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minjung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaeseok Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Gyung Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Curie Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee J, Tsogbadrakh B, Yang S, Ryu H, Kang E, Kang M, Kang HG, Ahn C, Oh KH. Klotho ameliorates diabetic nephropathy via LKB1-AMPK-PGC1α-mediated renal mitochondrial protection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 534:1040-1046. [PMID: 33121684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is associated with renal mitochondrial injury and decreased renal klotho expression. Klotho is known as an aging suppressor, and mitochondrial dysfunction is the hallmark of aging. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) is a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is known as a guardian of mitochondria. Here, we report that recombinant soluble klotho protein (rKL) protects against DN in db/db mice via PGC1α-AMPK-mediated mitochondrial recovery in the kidney. We injected rKL into db/db and db/m mice for 8 weeks and collected the serum and kidney tissue. We treated murine renal tubular cells with rKL in vitro, with and without exposure to 30 mM high glucose (HG). rKL treatment ameliorated major disorders from diabetes, such as obesity, hyperglycemia, and intrarenal reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, in db/db mice. rKL also diminished albuminuria, recovered renal proximal tubular mitochondria, increased renal p-AMPK and PGC1α, and down-regulated mTOR/TGF-β in db/db mice. In S1 mouse proximal tubular cells, rKL treatment ameliorated HG-mediated cellular and mitochondrial damage and enhanced oxidative phosphorylation, with an increase in PGC1α-AMPK-induced mitochondrial recovery. Our data suggest that klotho exerts a mitochondrial protective effect in diabetic kidney disease by inducing AMPK-PGC1α expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Lee
- Center of Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - SeungHee Yang
- Center of Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunjin Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunjung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minjung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Gyung Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Curie Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Kim YC, Kim KH, Lee S, Jo JW, Park JY, Park MS, Tsogbadrakh B, Lee JP, Lee JW, Kim DK, Oh KH, Jang IJ, Kim YS, Cha RH, Yang SH. ST2 blockade mitigates peritoneal fibrosis induced by TGF-β and high glucose. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:6872-6884. [PMID: 31397957 PMCID: PMC6787438 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is an intractable complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) that leads to peritoneal membrane failure. This study investigated the role of suppression of tumorigenicity (ST)2 in PF using patient samples along with mouse and cell‐based models. Baseline dialysate soluble (s)ST2 level in patients measured 1 month after PD initiation was 2063.4 ± 2457.8 pg/mL; patients who switched to haemodialysis had elevated sST2 levels in peritoneal effluent (1576.2 ± 199.9 pg/mL, P = .03), which was associated with PD failure (P = .04). Baseline sST2 showed good performance in predicting PD failure (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.780, P = .001). In mice with chlorhexidine gluconate‐induced PF, ST2 was expressed in fibroblasts and mesothelial cells within submesothelial zones. In primary cultured human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs), transforming growth factor‐β treatment increased ST2, fibronectin, β‐galactosidase and Snail protein levels and decreased E‐cadherin level. Anti‐ST2 antibody administration reversed the up‐regulation of ST2 and fibronectin expression; it also reduced fibrosis induced by high glucose (100 mmol/L) in HPMCs. Thus, high ST2 level in dialysate is a marker for fibrosis and inflammation during peritoneal injury, and blocking ST2 may be an effective therapeutic strategy for renal preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Hong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sunhwa Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Jo
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yoon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Mi-Seon Park
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Nephrology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Ilsan, Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Jin Jang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ran-Hui Cha
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hee Yang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Tsogbadrakh B, Ryu H, Ju KD, Lee J, Yun S, Yu KS, Kim HJ, Ahn C, Oh KH. AICAR, an AMPK activator, protects against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury through the JAK/STAT/SOCS pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 509:680-686. [PMID: 30616891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin causes acute kidney injury (AKI) through proximal tubular injury. We investigated the protective effect of the adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK) activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) against cisplatin-induced AKI. We investigated whether the AMP-kinase activator AICAR ameliorates cisplatin-induced AKI through the JAK/STAT/SOCS pathway. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, AICAR, cisplatin, and cisplatin + AICAR. As appropriate to their treatment group, the rats were injected with a single dose of cisplatin (7 mg/kg, i.p.). AICAR was administered to the rats at 100 mg/kg i.p. daily. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine were measured. Renal damage was analyzed in sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Renal tissues were also examined by immunohistochemistry and western blot for p-AMPK, Kim-1, cleaved caspase 3, and JAK/STAT/SOCS. For in vitro studies, NRK-52E normal rat kidney cells were treated with cisplatin and/or AICAR. By western blot, we confirmed the expression of p-AMPK and the JAK/STAT/SOCS pathway in NRK-52E cells. AICAR was protective against cisplatin-induced acute tubular injury by up-regulating p-AMPK expression in NRK-52E cells. Protein expression levels of JAK2/STAT1 were markedly ameliorated in NRK-52E cells by AICAR. The protective mechanism of AICAR may be associated with suppression of the JAK2/STAT1 pathway and up-regulation of SOCS1, an inhibitor of the JAK2/STAT1 pathway. The present study demonstrates the protective effects of AICAR against cisplatin-induced AKI and shows a new renoprotective mechanism through the JAK2/STAT1/SOCS1 pathway and apoptosis inhibition. This study suggests that activation of the AMPK activator AICAR might ameliorate cisplatin-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodokhsuren Tsogbadrakh
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Don Ju
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Yun
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sang Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongkuk University, Kyungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Curie Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Tsogbadrakh B, Ju KD, Lee J, Han M, Koh J, Yu Y, Lee H, Yu KS, Oh YK, Kim HJ, Ahn C, Oh KH. HL156A, a novel pharmacological agent with potent adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator activity ameliorates renal fibrosis in a rat unilateral ureteral obstruction model. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201692. [PMID: 30161162 PMCID: PMC6116936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Renal fibrosis is characterized by excessive production and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), which leads to progressive renal failure. Adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a highly conserved kinase that plays a key role in Smad-3 signaling. Here, we examined the effect of a novel AMPK activator, HL156A, on the inhibition of renal fibrosis in in vivo and in vitro models. Methods Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) was induced in male Wistar rats. Rats with UUO were administered HL156A (20mg/kg/day), and then the kidneys were harvested 10 days after ligation for further analysis. Results In the rat UUO model, HL156A attenuated ECM protein deposition. After HL156A treatment, expressions of TGF-β1, p-Smad3, α-SMA, fibronectin, and type IV collagen were suppressed, and E-cadherin expression was up-regulated. In the in vitro experiment, NRK52E cells were treated with HL156A before TGF-β1 stimulation. The inhibitory effects of HL156A upon the signaling pathways and markers of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were analyzed. In TGF-β1-treated NRK-52E cells, HL156A co-treatment inhibited the TGF-β1-induced Smad3 signaling pathway and EMT markers. Conclusion Taken together, the above findings suggest that HL156A, a novel AMPK activator, ameliorates renal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyung Don Ju
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Miyeun Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junga Koh
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeonsil Yu
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hajeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sang Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Kyu Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongkuk University, Kyungju, Korea
| | - Curie Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Yu S, Lee E, Tsogbadrakh B, Son GI, Kim M. Prenatal hyperbaric normoxia treatment improves healthspan and regulates chitin metabolic genes in Drosophila melanogaster. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:2538-2550. [PMID: 27777382 PMCID: PMC5115905 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a universal, irreversible process accompanied by physiological declines that culminate in death. Rapid progress in gerontology research has revealed that aging can be slowed through mild stress-induced hormesis. We previously reported that hyperbaric normoxia (HN, 2 atm absolute pressure with 10% O2) induces a cytoprotective response in vitro by regulating fibronectin. In the present study, we investigated the hormetic effects of prenatal HN exposure on Drosophila healthspan related to molecular defense mechanisms. HN exposure had no disruptive effect on developmental rate or adult body weight. However, lifespan was clearly enhanced, as was resistance to oxidative and heat stress. In addition, levels of reactive oxygen species were significantly decreased and motor performance was increased. HN stress has been shown to trigger molecular changes in the heat shock response and ROS scavenging system, including hsp70, catalase, glutathione synthase, and MnSOD. Furthermore, to determine the hormetic mechanism underlying these phenotypic and molecular changes, we performed a genome-wide profiling in HN-exposed and control flies. Genes encoding chitin metabolism were highly up-regulated, which could possibly serve to scavenge free radicals. These results identify prenatal HN exposure as a potential hormetic factor that may improve longevity and healthspan by enhancing defense mechanisms in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeun Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunil Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Bodokhsuren Tsogbadrakh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Ic Son
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mari Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea
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Ju KD, Kim HJ, Tsogbadrakh B, Lee J, Ryu H, Cho EJ, Hwang YH, Kim K, Yang J, Ahn C, Oh KH. HL156A, a novel AMP-activated protein kinase activator, is protective against peritoneal fibrosis in an in vivo and in vitro model of peritoneal fibrosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 310:F342-50. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00204.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HL156A is a novel AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator. We aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of HL156A against peritoneal fibrosis (PF) in in vivo and in vitro models. The rat PF model was induced by daily intraperitoneally injection of chlorhexidine (CHX) solution containing 0.1% CHX gluconate and 15% ethanol for 4 wk. The rats in the treatment group were treated with HL156A (1 mg·kg−1·day−1). Control rats were injected with vehicle alone. In vitro, cultured rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) were treated with either high glucose (HG; 50 mM), normal glucose (NG; 5 mM), NG+HL156A, or HG+HL156A. HL156A in supplemented rats ameliorated peritoneal calcification, cocoon formation, bowel obstruction, and PF. Immunohistochemistry showed reduced fibronectin accumulation in the peritoneum of HL156A-treated rats compared with those injected with CHX alone. HL156A treatment of RPMCs inhibited HG-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation and markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, HL156A ameliorated HG-induced transforming growth factor-β1, Smad3, Snail, and fibronectin expression in the RPMCs via AMPK upregulation. These results suggest that HL156A exhibits a protective effect in PF progression. Further research is warranted to seek the therapeutic potential of HL156A as an antifibrotic agent in peritoneal dialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Don Ju
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jinho Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunjin Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Hwan Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea; and
| | - Kiwon Kim
- Nephrology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jaeseok Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Transplantation Research, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Curie Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Transplantation Research, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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