1
|
Menezes KMF, Dábilla N, Souza M, Damasceno AD, Torres BBJ. Identification of a new polymorphism on the wild-type canine distemper virus genome: could this contribute to vaccine failures? Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:665-678. [PMID: 37140816 PMCID: PMC10235312 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-00971-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The canine distemper virus (CDV) is responsible for a multisystem infectious disease with high prevalence in dogs and wild carnivores and has vaccination as the main control measure. However, recent studies show an increase in cases including vaccinated dogs in different parts of the world. There are several reasons for vaccine failures, including differences between vaccine strains and wild-type strains. In this study, a phylogenetic analysis of CDV strains from samples of naturally infected, vaccinated, and symptomatic dogs in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil was performed with partial sequencing of the hemagglutinin (H) gene of CDV. Different sites of amino acid substitutions were found, and one strain had the Y549H mutation, typically present in samples from wild animals. Substitutions in epitopes (residues 367, 376, 379, 381, 386, and 388) that may interfere with the vaccine's ability to provide adequate protection against infection for CDV were observed. The identified strains were grouped in the South America 1/Europe lineage, with a significant difference from other lineages and vaccine strains. Twelve subgenotypes were characterized, considering a nucleotide identity of at least 98% among the strains. These findings highlight the relevance of canine distemper infection and support the need better monitoring of the circulating strains that contribute to elucidate if there is a need for vaccine update.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathânia Dábilla
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical E Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Menira Souza
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical E Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Adilson Donizeti Damasceno
- Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus II CEP 74690900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Bruno Benetti Junta Torres
- Escola de Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus II CEP 74690900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Botelho AFM, Machado AMD, da Silva RHS, Faria AC, Machado LS, Santos H, Braga SDM, Torres BBJ, Miguel MP, Chaves AR, Melo MM. Fatal metaldehyde poisoning in a dog confirmed by gas chromatography. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:139. [PMID: 32414366 PMCID: PMC7227221 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02348-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metaldehyde is a toxic pesticide used mainly as a molluscicide, responsible for intoxication and deaths in both humans and animals. Accidental exposure to metaldehyde in dogs is considered rare, but severe. Data concerning clinical and veterinary forensic toxicology are largely incomplete, especially regarding case reports in dogs. The present work reports a complete and detailed description of a case from the history, clinical evolution, pathological exams and toxicological diagnosis in an accidental case of metaldehyde poisoning in dog. CASE PRESENTATION An eleven-month-old, 3.0 kg, male German Spitz was presented for emergency care with acute vomiting and seizures 3 hours after suspected accidental ingestion of commercial molluscicide containing 3% metaldehyde (Lesmax®). The animal was in lateral recumbency and showed stuporous mentation, salivation, tonic-clonic status epilepticus, systemic tremors, bilateral miosis, absent palpebral, corneal, oculovestibular and gag reflexes, severely depressed spinal reflexes, dyspnea and tachycardia. Despite treatment, the patient progressed to comatose mentation and died. Necropsy examination revealed discrete lesions in the liver and central nervous system, while stomach examination revealed content of feed, activated charcoal and blue-green granules, compatible to the commercial formula of metaldehyde. Histology examination revealed extensive hemorrhage and severe centrolobular necrosis of the liver and tumefaction of Kupfer cells. Brain samples showed discrete hemorrhage and hyperemia. In order to confirm the diagnosis, samples from feces, stomach content, spleen, liver, heart, kidneys and brain were submitted gas chromatography analysis. Results confirmed the presence of metaldehyde in all samples. We describe clinicopathological abnormalities of a fatal case of metaldehyde poisoning in a dog, as well as postmortem diagnosis using gas chromatography. CONCLUSION Metaldehyde poisoning is rarely reported, since the diagnosis is often difficult and the notifications scarce. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing clinical signs, pathological findings and chromatographic diagnosis. This report aims to contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of metaldehyde intoxication, to further explore veterinary forensic toxicology diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Heloa Santos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Sandro de Melo Braga
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Marina Pacheco Miguel
- General Pathology Department, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Marília Martins Melo
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Oliveira KMD, Muzzi LAL, Torres BBJ, Alves EGL, Sampaio GR, Muzzi RAL. Avaliação da técnica de guilhotina modificada para lobectomia hepática completa em gatos. ACTA SCI VET 2018. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.16469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
4
|
Oliveira KMD, Muzzi LAL, Torres BBJ, Alves EGL, Sampaio GR, Muzzi RAL. Estudo comparativo entre três técnicas abertas de orquiectomia em gatos. ACTA SCI VET 2018. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.16619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
5
|
de Lavor MSL, Binda NS, Fukushima FB, Caldeira FMC, da Silva JF, Silva CMO, de Oliveira KM, Martins BDC, Torres BBJ, Rosado IR, Gomez RS, Gomez MV, de Melo EG. Ischemia-reperfusion model in rat spinal cord: cell viability and apoptosis signaling study. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:9941-9949. [PMID: 26617703 PMCID: PMC4637788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed at determining the ideal ischemia time in an in vitro ischemia-reperfusion model of spinal cord injury. Rat spinal cord slices were prepared and then exposed or not to oxygen deprivation and low glucose (ODLG) for 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes. Cell viability was assessed by triphenyltetrazolium (TTC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and fluorochrome dyes specific for cell dead (ethidium homodimer) using the apotome system. Glutamate release was enzymatically measured by a fluorescent method. Gene expression of apoptotic factors was assessed by real time RT-PCR. Whereas spinal cord slices exposed to ODLG exhibited mild increase in fluorescence for 30 minutes after the insult, the 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes caused a 2-fold increase. ODLG exposure for 45, 60, 75 or 90 minutes, glutamate and LDH release were significantly elevated. nNOS mRNA expression was overexpressed for 45 minutes and moderately increased for 60 minutes in ODLG groups. Bax/bcl-xl ratio, caspase 9 and caspase 3 mRNA expressions were significantly increased for 45 minutes of ODLG, but not for 30, 60, 75 and 90 minutes. Results showed that cell viability reduction in the spinal cord was dependent on ischemic time, resulting in glutamate and LDH release. ODLG for 45 minutes was adequate for gene expression evaluation of proteins and proteases involved in apoptosis pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mário Sérgio Lima de Lavor
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa CruzIlhéus, Bahia, Brasil
| | - Nancy Scardua Binda
- INCT, Laboratório de Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais
| | - Fabíola Bono Fukushima
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Fátima Maria Caetano Caldeira
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Juliana Figueira da Silva
- INCT, Laboratório de Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais
| | - Carla Maria Osório Silva
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Karen Maciel de Oliveira
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Bernardo de Caro Martins
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Bruno Benetti Junta Torres
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Isabel Rodrigues Rosado
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Renato Santiago Gomez
- INCT, Laboratório de Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais
| | - Marcus Vinícius Gomez
- INCT, Laboratório de Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais
| | - Eliane Gonçalves de Melo
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Torres BBJ, Caldeira FMC, Gomes MG, Serakides R, de Marco Viott A, Bertagnolli AC, Fukushima FB, de Oliveira KM, Gomes MV, de Melo EG. Effects of dantrolene on apoptosis and immunohistochemical expression of NeuN in the spinal cord after traumatic injury in rats. Int J Exp Pathol 2010; 91:530-6. [PMID: 21039984 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2010.00738.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Dantrolene has been shown to be neuroprotective by reducing neuronal apoptosis after brain injury in several animal models of neurological disorders. In this study, we investigated the effects of dantrolene on experimental spinal cord injury (SCI). Forty-six male Wistar rats were laminectomized at T13 and divided in six groups: GI (n = 7) underwent SCI with placebo and was euthanized after 32 h; GII (n = 7) underwent laminectomy alone with placebo and was euthanized after 32 h; GIII (n = 8) underwent SCI with dantrolene and was euthanized after 32 h; GIV (n = 8) underwent SCI with placebo and was euthanized after 8 days; GV (n = 8) underwent laminectomy alone with placebo and was euthanized after 8 days; and GVI (n = 8) underwent SCI with dantrolene and was euthanized after 8 days. A compressive trauma was performed to induce SCI. After euthanasia, the spinal cord was evaluated using light microscopy, TUNEL staining and immunochemistry with anti-Caspase-3 and anti-NeuN. Animals treated with dantrolene showed a smaller number of TUNEL-positive and caspase-3-positive cells and a larger number of NeuN-positive neurons, both at 32 h and 8 days (P ≤ 0.05). These results showed that dantrolene protects spinal cord tissue after traumatic SCI by decreasing apoptotic cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Benetti Junta Torres
- Departament of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|