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Bourqui M, Fougeron C, Laganaro M. Modulations de la parole et atteinte de la programmation motrice dans les dysarthries. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Lévêque N, Slis A, Lancia L, Bruneteau G, Fougeron C. Acoustic Change Over Time in Spastic and/or Flaccid Dysarthria in Motor Neuron Diseases. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2022; 65:1767-1783. [PMID: 35412848 DOI: 10.1044/2022_jslhr-21-00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate acoustic change over time as biomarkers to differentiate among spastic-flaccid dysarthria associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spastic dysarthria associated with primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), flaccid dysarthria associated with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), and to explore how these acoustic parameters are affected by dysarthria severity. METHOD Thirty-three ALS patients with mixed flaccid-spastic dysarthria, 17 PLS patients with pure spastic dysarthria, 18 SBMA patients with pure flaccid dysarthria, and 70 controls, all French speakers, were included in the study. Speakers produced vowel-glide sequences targeting different vocal tract shape changes. The mean and coefficient of variation of the total squared change of mel frequency cepstral coefficients were used to capture the degree and variability of acoustic changes linked to vocal tract modifications over time. Differences in duration of acoustic events were also measured. RESULTS All pathological groups showed significantly less acoustic change compared to controls, reflecting less acoustic contrast in sequences. Spastic and mixed spastic-flaccid dysarthric speakers showed smaller acoustic changes and slower sequence production compared to flaccid dysarthria. For dysarthria subtypes associated with a spastic component, reduced degree of acoustic change was also associated with dysarthria severity. CONCLUSIONS The acoustic parameters partially differentiated among the dysarthria subtypes in relation to motor neuron diseases. While similar acoustic patterns were found in spastic-flaccid and spastic dysarthria, crucial differences were found between these two subtypes relating to variability. The acoustic patterns were much more variable in ALS. This method forms a promising clinical tool as a diagnostic marker of articulatory impairment, even at mild stage of dysarthria progression in all subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Lévêque
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et de Phonologie, UMR 7018, CNRS/University Sorbonne-Nouvelle, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, ALS Reference Center, Paris, France
| | - Anneke Slis
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et de Phonologie, UMR 7018, CNRS/University Sorbonne-Nouvelle, Paris, France
| | - Leonardo Lancia
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et de Phonologie, UMR 7018, CNRS/University Sorbonne-Nouvelle, Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Bruneteau
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, ALS Reference Center, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Fougeron
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et de Phonologie, UMR 7018, CNRS/University Sorbonne-Nouvelle, Paris, France
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Laganaro M, Fougeron C, Pernon M, Levêque N, Borel S, Fournet M, Catalano Chiuvé S, Lopez U, Trouville R, Ménard L, Burkhard PR, Assal F, Delvaux V. Sensitivity and specificity of an acoustic- and perceptual-based tool for assessing motor speech disorders in French: the MonPaGe-screening protocol. Clin Linguist Phon 2021; 35:1060-1075. [PMID: 33478251 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2020.1865460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To respond to the need of objective screening tools for motor speech disorders (MSD), we present the screening version of a speech assessment protocol (MonPaGe-2.0.s), which is based on semi-automated acoustic and perceptual measures on several speech dimensions in French. We validate the screening tool by testing its sensitivity and specificity and comparing its outcome with external standard assessment tools. The data from 80 patients diagnosed with different types of mild to moderate MSD and 62 healthy test controls were assessed against the normative data obtained on 404 neurotypical speakers, with Deviance Scores computed on seven speech dimensions (voice, speech rate, articulation, prosody, pneumophonatory control, diadochokinetic rate, intelligibility) based on acoustic and perceptual measures. A cut-off of the MonPaGe total deviance score (TotDevS) >2 allowed MSD to be diagnosed with specificity of 95% and an overall sensitivity of 83.8% on all patients pulled, reaching 91% when very mildly impaired patients were excluded. A strong correlation was found between the MonPaGe TotDevS and an external composite perceptual score of MSD provided by six experts. The MonPaGe screening protocol has proven its sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing presence and severity of MSD. Further implementations are needed to complement the characterization of impaired dimensions in order to distinguish subtypes of MSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Laganaro
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Fougeron
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie, UMR 7018, CNRS/University Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, France
| | - Michaela Pernon
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie, UMR 7018, CNRS/University Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, France
- Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre de Référence Maladie Rare Pour la Maladie de Wilson, Service de Neurologie, Fondation Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Levêque
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie, UMR 7018, CNRS/University Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, France
- APHP, Département de Neurologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre Référent SLA, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Borel
- APHP Sorbonne Université, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d'ORL & Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle (ICM), Inserm/CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Maryll Fournet
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sabina Catalano Chiuvé
- Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Lopez
- Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Roland Trouville
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie, UMR 7018, CNRS/University Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Ménard
- Laboratoire de Phonétique, Université de Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Pierre R Burkhard
- Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Assal
- Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Véronique Delvaux
- FNRS & IRSTL (Language Sciences and Technologies Research Institute), University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
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Bourqui M, Pernon M, Fougeron C, Laganaro M. Contribution of acoustic analysis to the detection of vocoid epenthesis in apraxia of speech and other motor speech disorders. Aphasiology 2021; 36:854-867. [PMID: 35720256 PMCID: PMC9197203 DOI: 10.1080/02687038.2021.1914815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vocoid epenthesis within consonant clusters has been claimed to contribute to the diagnosis of apraxia of speech. In clinical practice, the clinicians often doubt about the correct production of clusters as the C-C transition may be minimally disrupted. AIMS To demonstrate the value of acoustic analysis in clinical practice as a reliable complement to perceptive judgment. METHODS & PROCEDURES We compared the acoustic signature and the perceptive detection of vocoid epentheses in unvoiced consonant clusters within pseudo-words produced by 40 participants presenting different subtypes of motor speech disorders (including apraxia of speech (AoS) and dysarthria) and matched neurotypical controls. OUTCOMES & RESULTS The results indicate that vocoid epenthesis was acoustically visible in 3 out of 10 participants with AoS, and in one out of 30 participants with dysarthria. One-quarter of these vocoid epentheses was not detected via auditory perception by expert listeners (speech and language therapists) who also made false detections. CONCLUSIONS The current results indicate that vocoid epenthesis is not systematic at least in mild AoS. Moreover, an important proportion is misdetected by ear, even by expert clinicians, meaning that visualisation of the acoustic signal can be of precious help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Bourqui
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michaela Pernon
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie, UMR, France
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland
| | | | - Marina Laganaro
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Slis A, Lévêque N, Fougeron C, Pernon M, Assal F, Lancia L. Analysing spectral changes over time to identify articulatory impairments in dysarthria. J Acoust Soc Am 2021; 149:758. [PMID: 33639779 DOI: 10.1121/10.0003332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Identifying characteristics of articulatory impairment in speech motor disorders is complicated due to the time-consuming nature of kinematic measures. The goal is to explore whether analysing the acoustic signal in terms of total squared changes of Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (TSC_MFCC) and its pattern over time provides sufficient spectral information to distinguish mild and moderate dysarthric French speakers with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) from each other and from healthy speakers. Participants produced the vowel-glide sequences /ajajaj/, /ujujuj/, and /wiwiwi/. From the time course of TSC_MFCCs, event-related and global measures were extracted to capture the degree of acoustic change and its variability. In addition, durational measures were obtained. For both mild and moderately impaired PD and ALS speakers, the degree of acoustic change and its variability, averaged over the complete contour, separated PD and ALS speakers from each other and from healthy speakers, especially when producing the sequences /ujujuj/ and /wiwiwi/. Durational measures separated the moderate ALS from healthy and moderate PD speakers. Using the approach on repetitive sequences targeting the lingual and labial articulators to characterize articulatory impairment in speech motor disorders is promising. Findings are discussed against prior findings of articulatory impairment in the populations studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Slis
- LPP, UMR 7018, CNRS/University Sorbonne-Nouvelle, Paris, France
| | - N Lévêque
- APHP, Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, ALS Reference Center, France
| | - C Fougeron
- LPP, UMR 7018, CNRS/University Sorbonne-Nouvelle, Paris, France
| | - M Pernon
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - F Assal
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - L Lancia
- LPP, UMR 7018, CNRS/University Sorbonne-Nouvelle, Paris, France
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Georgeton L, Antolík TK, Fougeron C. Effect of Domain Initial Strengthening on Vowel Height and Backness Contrasts in French: Acoustic and Ultrasound Data. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2016; 59:S1575-S1586. [PMID: 28002838 DOI: 10.1044/2016_jslhr-s-15-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Phonetic variation due to domain initial strengthening was investigated with respect to the acoustic and articulatory distinctiveness of vowels within a subset of the French oral vowel system /i, e, ɛ, a, o, u/, organized along 4 degrees of height for the front vowels and 2 degrees of backness at the close and midclose height levels. METHOD Acoustic and lingual ultrasound data were examined to characterize the production of vowels in intonational phrase initial position, compared with intonational phrase medial position, for 4 speakers. RESULTS Formant values and estimates of lingual constriction location and degree differed according to the prosodic position independent of vowel duration, with a higher F1 for /a/, a higher F2 for /ɛ/, a backer constriction for /o/ and /a/ but a fronter constriction for /ɛ/, and a narrower constriction for /e, ɛ, u, o/ but a wider constriction for /a/. For most speakers, these variations enlarge the acoustic and/or articulatory distance between members of the pairs /e-ɛ/, /ɛ-a/, /u-o/, /i-u/, and /e-o/ but reduce the distinction within the pair /i-e/. CONCLUSIONS These changes in intonational phrase initial position are vowel dependent and frequently contribute to augmenting the phonetic distinctiveness between vowels contrasting along the height and backness dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurianne Georgeton
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et de Phonologie, UMR7018, CNRS/Université Sorbonne Nouvelle-Paris 3, 19 rue des Bernardins, 75005 Paris, FranceLaboratoire Parole et Langage, UMR 7309, CNRS/Aix Marseille Université, 13100, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Tanja Kocjancic Antolík
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et de Phonologie, UMR7018, CNRS/Université Sorbonne Nouvelle-Paris 3, 19 rue des Bernardins, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Fougeron
- Laboratoire de Phonétique et de Phonologie, UMR7018, CNRS/Université Sorbonne Nouvelle-Paris 3, 19 rue des Bernardins, 75005 Paris, France
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Lévêque N, Laganaro M, Fougeron C, Delvaux V, Pernon M, Borel S, Catalano S. MonPaGe : un protocole informatisé d’évaluation de la parole pathologique en langue française. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2016.01.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bürki A, Ernestus M, Gendrot C, Fougeron C, Frauenfelder UH. What affects the presence versus absence of schwa and its duration: a corpus analysis of French connected speech. J Acoust Soc Am 2011; 130:3980-3991. [PMID: 22225052 DOI: 10.1121/1.3658386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study presents an analysis of over 4000 tokens of words produced as variants with and without schwa in a French corpus of radio-broadcasted speech. In order to determine which of the many variables mentioned in the literature influence variant choice, 17 predictors were tested in the same analysis. Only five of these variables appeared to condition variant choice. The question of the processing stage, or locus, of this alternation process is also addressed in a comparison of the variables that predict variant choice with the variables that predict the acoustic duration of schwa in variants with schwa. Only two variables predicting variant choice also predict schwa duration. The limited overlap between the predictors for variant choice and for schwa duration, combined with the nature of these variables, suggest that the variants without schwa do not result from a phonetic process of reduction; that is, they are not the endpoint of gradient schwa shortening. Rather, these variants are generated early in the production process, either during phonological encoding or word-form retrieval. These results, based on naturally produced speech, provide a useful complement to on-line production experiments using artificial speech tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Bürki
- Laboratoire de Psycholinguistique Expérimentale, University of Geneva, 40, Bd du Pont d'Arve, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
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Abstract
In this paper it is shown that at the edges of prosodic domains, initial consonant and final vowels have more extreme (less reduced) lingual articulations, which are called articulatory strengthening. Linguopalatal contact for consonants and vowels in different prosodic positions was compared, using reiterant-speech versions of sentences with a variety of phrasings read by three speakers of American English. Four prosodic domains were considered: the phonological word, the phonological (or intermediate) phrase, the intonational phrase, and the utterance. Domain-initial consonants show more linguopalatal contact than domain-medial or domain-final consonants, at three prosodic levels. Most vowels, on the other hand, show less linguopalatal contact in domain-final syllables compared to domain-initial and domain-medial. As a result, the articulatory difference between segments is greater around a prosodic boundary, increasing the articulatory contrast between consonant and vowels, and prosodic domains are marked at both edges. Furthermore, the consonant initial strengthening is generally cumulative, i.e., the higher the prosodic domain, the more linguopalatal contact the consonant has. However, speakers differed in how many and which levels were distinguished in this way. It is suggested that this initial strengthening could provide an alternative account for previously observed supralaryngeal declination of consonants. Acoustic duration of the consonants is also affected by prosodic position, and this lengthening is cumulative like linguopalatal contact, but the two measures are only weakly correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fougeron
- Department of Linguistics, University of California at Los Angeles 90095-1543, USA
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