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Houard J, Normand A, Di Russo E, Bacchi C, Dalapati P, Beainy G, Moldovan S, Da Costa G, Delaroche F, Vaudolon C, Chauveau JM, Hugues M, Blavette D, Deconihout B, Vella A, Vurpillot F, Rigutti L. A photonic atom probe coupling 3D atomic scale analysis with in situ photoluminescence spectroscopy. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:083704. [PMID: 32872963 DOI: 10.1063/5.0012359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Laser enhanced field evaporation of surface atoms in laser-assisted Atom Probe Tomography (APT) can simultaneously excite photoluminescence in semiconductor or insulating specimens. An atom probe equipped with appropriate focalization and collection optics has been coupled with an in situ micro-photoluminescence (μPL) bench that can be operated during APT analysis. The photonic atom probe instrument we have developed operates at frequencies up to 500 kHz and is controlled by 150 fs laser pulses tunable in energy in a large spectral range (spanning from deep UV to near IR). Micro-PL spectroscopy is performed using a 320 mm focal length spectrometer equipped with a CCD camera for time-integrated and with a streak camera for time-resolved acquisitions. An example of application of this instrument on a multi-quantum well oxide heterostructure sample illustrates the potential of this new generation of tomographic atom probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Houard
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - A Normand
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - E Di Russo
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - C Bacchi
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - P Dalapati
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - G Beainy
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - S Moldovan
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - G Da Costa
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - F Delaroche
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - C Vaudolon
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - J M Chauveau
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Hétéro-Epitaxie et ses Applications, UPR10 CNRS, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - M Hugues
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Hétéro-Epitaxie et ses Applications, UPR10 CNRS, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - D Blavette
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - B Deconihout
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - A Vella
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - F Vurpillot
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - L Rigutti
- UNIROUEN, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux, Normandie Université, 76000 Rouen, France
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Bacchi C, Da Costa G, Vurpillot F. Spatial and Compositional Biases Introduced by Position Sensitive Detection Systems in APT: A Simulation Approach. Microsc Microanal 2019; 25:418-424. [PMID: 30757977 DOI: 10.1017/s143192761801629x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to the low capacity of contemporary position-sensitive detectors in atom probe tomography (APT) to detect multiple events, material analyses that exhibit high numbers of multiple events are the most subject to compositional biases. To solve this limitation, some researchers have developed statistical correction algorithms. However, those algorithms are only efficient when one is confronted with homogeneous materials having nearly the same evaporation field between elements. Therefore, dealing with more complex materials must be accompanied by a better understanding of the signal loss mechanism during APT experiments. By modeling the evaporation mechanism and the whole APT detection system, it may be possible to predict compositional and spatial biases induced by the detection system. This paper introduces a systematic study of the impact of the APT detection system on material analysis through the development of a simulation tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bacchi
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux,76000 Rouen,France
| | - G Da Costa
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux,76000 Rouen,France
| | - F Vurpillot
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux,76000 Rouen,France
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Borba M, Cernea C, Dias F, Faria P, Bacchi C, Brandão L, Costa A. Expression profile of p63 in 127 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2010; 72:319-24. [PMID: 20847581 DOI: 10.1159/000319904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate p63 expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and its prognostic significance. METHODS p63 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and scored in 127 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. RESULTS Sixty-two cases had scored 3, sixty had scored 2, four had scored 1 and one case did not show any expression (48.8, 47.2, 3.1 and 0.8%, respectively). Overall survival was 73.9% at 24 months and 59.5% at 60 months. The disease-free survival was 77.2 and 75.1%, and the disease-specific survival was 79 and 67% at 24 and 60 months, respectively. Uni- and multivariate analysis identified that decreased immunoexpression of protein p63 was a statistically significant factor for the risk of recurrence and death by cancer. CONCLUSIONS p63 expression was highly prevalent in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas, and its underexpression was correlated with a worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Borba
- Aristides Maltez Hospital, Salvador da Bahia, Brazil.
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Queiroga E, Gualco G, Weiss L, Dittmer D, Araujo I, Klumb C, Harrington W, Os E, Bacchi C. Burkitt lymphoma in Brazil is characterized by geographically distinct clinico-pathological features and lack of p53 mutations. Infect Agent Cancer 2009. [PMCID: PMC4261782 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-4-s2-p22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Bonetti F, Martignoni G, Colato C, Manfrin E, Gambacorta M, Faleri M, Bacchi C, Sin VC, Wong NL, Coady M, Chan JK. Abdominopelvic sarcoma of perivascular epithelioid cells. Report of four cases in young women, one with tuberous sclerosis. Mod Pathol 2001; 14:563-8. [PMID: 11406657 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3880351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The perivascular epithelioid cell has been proposed to be the unifying proliferating cell type in a number of lesions such as angiomyolipoma, lymphangiomyomatosis, clear cell "sugar" tumor and renal capsuloma. With the exception of rare examples of angiomyolipoma, they are non-metastasizing. We report four examples of a new member of this family of perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms that occur in abdominopelvic location and show metastatic properties. The patients, all women, were aged 19 to 41 years (mean, 32), and presented with a tumor mass involving the serosa of the ileum, uterus or pelvic cavity. Morphologically, the tumors were composed of sheets of large polygonal cells with glycogen-rich clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm and moderately pleomorphic nuclei, traversed by a delicate vasculature, mimicking clear cell carcinoma. There were areas of coagulative necrosis and occasional mitotic figures. Intracytoplasmic brown pigment was present in two cases. Spindly cells, smooth muscle and fat were absent. Lymphovascular invasion was present in all, lymph node metastasis was documented in two and metastasis to the ovary was present in one case. Two patients developed widespread metastatic disease after 10 and 28 months from diagnosis. One patient showed the clinical signs of tuberous sclerosis. In spite of the epithelial-like appearance, the tumor cells were negative for epithelial markers but were strongly positive with the melanogenesis-related marker HMB45. Another melanogenesis marker (MART-1) was positive in two cases. Other markers including S-100 protein, vimentin, muscle-specific actin, desmin and chromogranin A were negative. Thus, these tumors are not readily classifiable in the existing schema of known entities, and show overlapping morpho-phenotypic features of clear cell "sugar" tumor of the lung and epithelioid angiomyolipoma. We consider them as sarcomas composed of a pure population of uncommitted perivascular epithelioid cell, that lack modulation toward smooth muscle or adipose cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bonetti
- Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Università di Verona, Italy.
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Abstract
Eight dicationic compounds related to pentamidine were studied for trypanocidal activity in seven trypanosome isolates. In vitro studies revealed that diamidines are more potent than diimidazolines. For example, 2 (a diamidine) and 4 (a diimidazoline) inhibited the growth of KETRI 243 with IC50 values of 2.3 and 900 nM, respectively. Introduction of polar groups into the linker decreased the effectiveness of the compounds against drug-resistant trypanosomes. In compounds with a 2-butene linker between the cationic groups, trans-isomers were more potent than cis-isomers. The cis- and trans-buteneamidines cured infection caused by Trypanosoma brucei brucei (EATRO Lab 110) and protected mice against infection by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense isolates, some of which are resistant to diamidines and melarsoprol.
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Affiliation(s)
- I O Donkor
- Room 327E, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis Johnson Building, 847 Monroe Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Abstract
The subgroup of T/null-cell primary systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma that expresses anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) constitutes a distinctive clinicopathologic entity that exhibits a broad morphologic spectrum. The examples predominated by small cells or showing a mixed cell population can be difficult to recognize as being neoplastic. We report four such cases with a remarkably hypocellular granulation tissue-like appearance, mimicking an inflammatory or reparative process. All patients were young and presented with lymphadenopathy in multiple sites. The lymph node biopsies showed a hypocellular appearance, with wide separation of the small to medium-sized lymphoid cells by edematous or fibromyxoid stroma. There were interspersed spindly neoplastic cells resembling myofibroblasts, sometimes forming short, sweeping fascicles, as well as histiocytes. Occasional large cells with atypical nuclei were identified. The larger lymphoid cells tended to form cuffs around the venules. In two cases, the capsule and fibrous trabeculae were markedly broadened with increased spindly cells, mimicking inflammatory pseudotumor of lymph node. Immunostaining showed dispersed and clustered CD30+ ALK+ cells, confirming a diagnosis of anaplastic large cell lymphoma. In conclusion, a diagnosis of hypocellular anaplastic large cell lymphoma requires a high index of suspicion. The young age of the patients and the presence of perivascular cuffs of larger lymphoid cells should provide the strongest clues to the correct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Cheuk
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Chu PG, Chang KL, Chen WG, Chen YY, Shibata D, Hayashi K, Bacchi C, Bacchi M, Weiss LM. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen (EBNA)-4 mutation in EBV-associated malignancies in three different populations. Am J Pathol 1999; 155:941-7. [PMID: 10487851 PMCID: PMC1866909 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)65193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Different ethnic groups with a high human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A11 prevalence have been shown to experience a high rate of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, EBV-associated malignancies, and Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA)-4 mutations. The epitopes 399-408 and 416-424 of EBNA-4 are major antigenic epitopes that elicit an HLA-A11 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to EBV infection. Mutations selectively involving one or more nucleotide residues in these epitopes affect the antigenicity of EBNA-4, because the mutant EBV strains are not recognized by the HLA-A11-restricted CTLs. To investigate these mutations in common EBV-associated malignancies occurring in different populations, we studied the mutation rate of epitopes 399-408 and 416-424 of EBNA-4 in 25 cases of EBV-associated Hodgkin's disease (HD), nine cases of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 37 cases of EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (GC) from the United States, Brazil, and Japan. We found one or more mutations in these two epitopes in 50% (6/12) of United States HD, 15% (2/13) of Brazilian HD, 50% (6/12) United States GC and 28% (7/25) Japanese GC, and 22% (2/9) of United States AIDS-lymphoma. Similar mutations were found in 30% (3/10) of United States reactive, 0% (0/6) of Brazilian reactive, and 25% (2/8) Japanese reactive tissues. The most frequent amino acid substitutions were virtually identical to those seen in previously reported isolates from EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinomas and Burkitt's lymphomas occurring in high prevalence HLA-A11 regions. However, only 2/28 (7%) mutations occurred in HLA-A11-positive patients. Our studies suggest that: 1) EBNA-4 mutations are a common phenomenon in EBV-associated HD, GC, and AIDS-lymphoma; 2) the mutation rate does not vary in these geographic areas and ethnic groups; 3) EBNA-4 mutations in EBV-associated United States and Brazilian HD, United States and Japanese GC, and United States AIDS lymphomas are not related to patients' HLA-A11 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Chu
- Division of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010-0269, USA
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Chang KL, Chen YY, Chen WG, Hayashi K, Bacchi C, Bacchi M, Weiss LM. EBNA-1 gene sequences in Brazilian and American patients with Hodgkin's disease. Blood 1999; 94:244-50. [PMID: 10381519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the types of Epstein-Barr virus-associated nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) gene carboxy (C)-terminal mutations occurring in Hodgkin's disease (HD) and reactive tissues from two different geographic regions. Previously reported EBNA-1 C-terminal region amino acid sequence variants, based on the amino acid at codon 487, include Prototype (P)-ala, which is found in the B95.8-derived prototype virus, P-thr, Variant (V)-leu, V-val, and V-pro. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify portions of the EBNA-1 gene, followed by DNA sequencing, we found a single EBNA-1 gene sequence variant in each tissue, whether reactive or neoplastic and whether from Brazil or the United States. Variant EBNA-1 gene sequences were more common in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissues from different geographic areas than the so-called prototype sequence. In the 17 Brazilian HD cases, 4 cases had P-thr variants and 13 had V-leu variants. In the six reactive tissues from Brazil, one had a P-ala variant, two had P-thr variants, and three had V-leu variants. In the 12 American HD cases, 2 had P-ala variants, 6 had P-thr variants, and 4 had V-leu variants. The 11 American reactive tissues included 2 P-ala variants, 5 P-thr variants, and 4 V-leu variants. In both countries, there were similar variant EBNA-1 sequences present in normal tissues and HD cases. Compared with the P-ala and P-thr cases, the V-leu cases were more likely to have the 30-bp latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) gene deletion (P = 0.0075). In addition, cases of HD with the V-leu were statistically associated with a substitution of asparagine for glutamine at codon 322 of the C-terminal portion of the LMP1 gene. Our results suggest that any variation in EBNA-1 gene sequence is caused by a polymorphism present in pre-existing viral strains in the underlying population, and not a mutation occurring during oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Chang
- Division of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010-0269, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coyle
- Med. Dept., Albert Einstein Coll. Med., Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Kim DK, Hoyt J, Bacchi C, Keles GE, Mass M, Mayberg MR, Berger MS. Detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in gliomas and adjacent resection margins. Neurosurgery 1993; 33:619-25; discussion 625-6. [PMID: 7901794 DOI: 10.1227/00006123-199310000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a technique for estimating the number of proliferating cells in gliomas and adjacent resection cavities after tumor removal. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a nuclear protein associated with the cell cycle. Anti-PCNA antibody staining provides a semiquantitative estimate of the number of proliferating cells found in fixed tissue embedded in paraffin. The extent of the staining of tumor cells of glioblastoma multiforme, anaplastic astrocytomas, low-grade gliomas, and other lesions of the brain with anti-PCNA antibody is correlated with the histological diagnosis. In addition, the labeling of the margins after resection of gliomas and other lesions with anti-PCNA antibody is also associated with the histological diagnosis of the lesion. This technique may be useful in estimating the "biological" extent of resection and in predicting the recurrence patterns of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
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