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Otten AT, Peters V, Barth I, Stevens CL, Bourgonje AR, Frijlink HW, Harmsen HJM, Rehman A, Campmans-Kuijpers MJE, Dijkstra G. Effects of ileocolonic delivered vitamin B 2, B 3 and C (ColoVit) or the Groningen anti-inflammatory diet on disease course and microbiome of patients with Crohn's disease (VITA-GrAID study): a protocol for a randomised and partially blinded trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069654. [PMID: 36918234 PMCID: PMC10016306 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet plays a pivotal role in the onset and progression of Crohn's disease (CD). Nutritional interventions revealed effects on intestinal inflammation and gut microbial composition. However, data from well-designed and controlled dietary trials are lacking. Therefore, evidence-based dietary recommendations are still unavailable to patients and physicians. Here, we aim to investigate the effects of an evidence-based anti-inflammatory diet, and an ileocolonic-targeted capsule containing vitamin B2, B3 and C (ColoVit) on patients with CD and their healthy household members. METHODS AND ANALYSIS In this multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, partially blinded nutritional intervention trial, we aim to recruit 255 CD patients with Harvey-Bradshaw Index <8 and a faecal calprotectin (FCal) cut-off of ≥100 µg/g at baseline. Participants will be randomised into two experimental intervention groups and one placebo group. In the experimental groups, participants will either adhere to the Groningen anti-inflammatory diet (GrAID) or ingest an ileocolonic-delivered oral vitamin B2/B3/C capsule (ColoVit). The study consists of a 12-week controlled interventional phase, which proceeds to a 9-month observational follow-up phase in which patients allocated to the GrAID group will be requested to continue the intervention on their own accord. Household members of participating patients will be asked to participate in the trial as healthy subjects and are allocated to the same group as their peer. The primary study outcome for patients is the change in FCal level from baseline. The primary outcome for household members is the change in gut microbial composition, which is set as secondary outcome for patients. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Stichting Beoordeling Ethiek Biomedisch Onderzoek in Assen, the Netherlands. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04913467.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonius Timotheus Otten
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - V Peters
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - I Barth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C L Stevens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A R Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H W Frijlink
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H J M Harmsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Rehman
- DSM Nutritional Products AG, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - M J E Campmans-Kuijpers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Howe RS, Chow RP, Stevens CL. Use of flutamide for self-induced androgen excess. A case report. J Reprod Med 1994; 39:838-40. [PMID: 7837136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A 28-year-old woman developed hirsutism, facial edema and clitoromegaly after self-injection of long-acting synthetic androgens. The symptoms were ameliorated by administration of flutamide with a combination oral contraceptive. Flutamide appears to be useful in preventing sequelae of acute androgen excess in women and may be a rational therapy for chronic treatment of androgen excess in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Howe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts
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Giuliano WM, Litvaitis JA, Stevens CL. Prey Selection in Relation to Sexual Dimorphism of Fishers (Martes pennanti) in New Hampshire. J Mammal 1989. [DOI: 10.2307/1381440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Guerina NG, Pantazis NJ, Siminoski K, Anderson JK, McCarthy M, Stevens CL, Murphy RA. Comparison of 7S nerve growth factor and nerve growth factor I from mouse submandibular glands. Biochemistry 1986; 25:754-60. [PMID: 3964641 DOI: 10.1021/bi00352a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
7S nerve growth factor (7S NGF) and nerve growth factor I (NGFI) are NGF-containing protein complexes isolated from mouse submandibular glands by different protocols, and reports suggest that the molecules differ chemically. In this study, we compared the molecular properties and subunit compositions of the two proteins. Purified 7S NGF and NGFI electrophoresed to identical positions on polyacrylamide gels in nondissociating buffers, with electrophoretic mobilities indistinguishable from that of unpurified NGF in salivary gland extracts. Ultraviolet absorption curves were identical, and sedimentation coefficients were similar (7.3 +/- 0.25 S for 7S NGF; 7.2 +/- 0.2 S for NGFI) as determined by sedimentation velocity analysis. By sedimentation equilibrium analysis, molecular weights of 135 000-140 000 were obtained for both complexes at protein concentrations in the centrifuge cell greater than 85 micrograms/mL; when protein concentrations within the centrifuge cell ranged from approximately 30 to 100 micrograms/mL at equilibrium, both complexes dissociated. Molecular weight values determined by gel filtration on Bio-Gel P300 and Sephadex G200 resins were similar for both proteins, and the values determined on Sephadex agreed with those obtained by ultracentrifugation. The subunit compositions of the complexes were also similar as determined by nonequilibrium isoelectric focusing, NGFI being composed of proteins that migrated to positions identical with those of the alpha, beta, and gamma subunits of 7S NGF. Furthermore, the stoichiometry of the subunits was similar in the two complexes as determined by radioimmunoassays to each of the subunits and by densitometric analysis of electrophoretic gels. Both methods showed that the complexes contain approximately 2 mol of the alpha and gamma subunits per mole of beta-NGF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Czernecki S, Georgoulis C, Stevens CL, Vijayakumaran K. Modified Pyridinium Dichromate Oxidation, A Facile Synthesis of the Key 3-Keto Sugar Intermediate for L-Daunosamine. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1986. [DOI: 10.1080/00397918608057682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
When levulinic acid, a competitive inhibitor of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, was added to growing cultures of blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), delta-aminolevulinic acid was excreted into the medium and cell growth was inhibited.
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Westover CJ, Stevens CL. Tobacco mosaic virus protein: sedimentation equilibrium studies of the initial stages of polymerization. Biochemistry 1977; 16:5819-24. [PMID: 22344 DOI: 10.1021/bi00645a028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The lowest stages of polymerization of tobacco mosaic virus protein were studied by means of high-speed sedimentation equilibrium experiments. Several distinct modes of polymerization were found. At pH 7.1 the expected monomer-trimer-higher polymer equilibrium was observed--very little dimer was detected at this pH. At pH 7.5, however, a strong dimerization was observed--neither monomer nor trimer was detected at this pH. An octamer appeared to be the only species present other than the dimer. When 0.01 M beta-mercaptoethanol was added to the solvent pH 7.5, the dimer was dissociated, resulting in a monomer-trimer association. The dimerization may be the basis for the larger "doubled" polymers formed by the protein at alkaline pH, while the octamer may correspond to the 8S peak frequently observed in sedimentation velocity experiments at alkaline pH. On the other hand, the monomer-trimer-higher polymer equilibrium may correspond to the single helix formed by the protein at slightly acid pH and to the combination of 4S and 20S peaks seen in sedimentation velocity experiments at slightly acid pH.
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Stevens CL, Chay TR, Loga S. Rupture of base pairing in double-stranded poly(riboadenylic acid)-poly(ribouridylic acid) by formaldehyde: medium chain lenghts. Biochemistry 1977; 16:3727-39. [PMID: 20126 DOI: 10.1021/bi00636a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
By assuming that the opening of hydrogen bonds due to thermal fluctuations is a very fast step and that the reaction of formaldehyde with the imino or amino group is a slow step, we have constructed a model for the unwinding process of poly(A-U) induced by formaldehyde. The denaturation equation derived from the model is essentially the same as that of the zipper model for moderately long chain lengths. The model predicts the following phenomena which are in agreement with our experimental findings. The rate of unwinding is approximately first order for unfractionated polynucleotides and zero order for fractionated samples. This means that formaldehyde ruptures helical residues sequentially starting from the ends and working toward the center. Our model further predicts that the denaturation rate is linearly dependent on -log[Na+] and pH at low ionic strength and is almost independent of [Na+] and pH at high ionic strength. Spectrophotometric measurements on poly(A-U) were done to confirm our theoretical findings.
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Stevens CL, Stevens SE, Myers J. Isolation and initial characterization of a uracil auxotroph of the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans. J Bacteriol 1975; 124:247-51. [PMID: 809415 PMCID: PMC235889 DOI: 10.1128/jb.124.1.247-251.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A uracil-requiring auxotroph of Anacystis nidulans was isolated after treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitrosoguanidine. Neither precursors in the de novo pyrimidine pathway nor compounds of "salvage" or degradative pathways could replace the uracil requirement. The reversion frequency for mutation to a nonuracil requirement for growth was 2.0 times 10(-8). The calculated average rate of uracil utilization was 1.1 times 10(-17) mol of uracil per unit cell mass/h. The amount of uracil required for the synthesis of a unit cell mass was 3.8 times 10(-17) mol of uracil.
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Stevens CL, Dickerson JP, Taylor KG, Blumbergs P, Pillai PM. Synthesis and chemistry of 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy sugars. VI. Methyl 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-d-idopyranoside. J Org Chem 1975; 40:2468-70. [PMID: 1165505 DOI: 10.1021/jo00905a010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Stevens CL, Chitharanjan D, Taylor KG, Pillai PM. Synthesis and chemistry of 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy sugars. VII. 4-Amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-altrose derivatives. J Org Chem 1975; 40:2471-4. [PMID: 1165506 DOI: 10.1021/jo00905a011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
The relaxation behavior of the helix-coil transition has been investigated for all sizes of polypeptides. Unlike previously reported results, regardless of the size of polypeptides, the first-order kinetics plays a principal role in the relaxation process when a helical state is relaxed to a half-coiled state [i.e. s(f) is congruent to 1, where s(f) is the helix stability parameter at the final state]. On the other hand, when a helical state is relaxed to a coiled state [i.e., s(f) is less than 1], the zeroth-order kinetics plays a major role. In addition, the range of the validity of a kinetic version of the zipper model has been investigated. We have found that when a helical state is relaxed to a state where s(f) is less than or equal to 1, the zipper model is valid for polypeptides with chain length N satisfying the relation N is less than 1/(sigmagammaC)1/2 where sigma is the cooperativity parameter and gammaC is the coil nucleation rate parameter.
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Stevens CL, Schultz D, Van Baalen C, Parker PL. Oxygen Isotope Fractionation during Photosynthesis in a Blue-Green and a Green Alga. Plant Physiol 1975; 56:126-9. [PMID: 16659241 PMCID: PMC541311 DOI: 10.1104/pp.56.1.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen isotope fractionation ((18)O/(16)O) at the natural abundance level has been measured during photosynthesis of a blue-green and a green alga. When sufficient attention is paid to removal of contaminating air O(2) before and during the experiments, then the photosynthetic O(2) evolved, as compared to the water O(2), had an average difference of -0.36% for a blue-green alga and -0.80% for a green alga. These experiments suggest that there is no reason to invoke an inverse isotope effect in photosynthesis as part of the explanation for the (18)O enrichment in atmospheric O(2) relative to O(2) in oceanic waters. In addition, in an indirect way, the experiments also support the argument that the bulk of O(2) evolved during photosynthesis comes from water. A 10% contribution of O(2) arising from CO(2) would have been detectable in the present work.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Stevens
- University of Texas Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, Texas 78373
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Stevens CL, Schultze KW, Smith DJ, Pillai PM, Rubenstein P, Strominger JL. Synthesis of 3,6-dideoxy-D-erythro-hexos-4-ulose and identification as the 3,6-dideoxy-4-ketohexose from Pasteurella pseudotuberculosis. J Am Chem Soc 1973; 95:5767-8. [PMID: 4733819 DOI: 10.1021/ja00798a058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Markovac A, LaMontagne MP, Blumbergs P, Ash AB, Stevens CL. Antimalarials. 3. 2,6-Bis(aryl)-4-pyridinemethanols with trifluoromethyl substituents. J Med Chem 1972; 15:918-22. [PMID: 5051009 DOI: 10.1021/jm00279a010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Glinski RP, Ash AB, Stevens CL, Sporn M, Lazarus HM. Nucleotide synthesis. I. Derivatives of thymidine containing p-nitrophenyl phosphate groups. J Org Chem 1971; 36:245-9. [PMID: 5545351 DOI: 10.1021/jo00801a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Stevens CL, Glinski RP, Taylor KG, Blumbergs P, Gupta SK. The synthesis and proof of structure of perosamine (4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-mannose) derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 1970; 92:3160-8. [PMID: 5446955 DOI: 10.1021/ja00713a039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Sporn MB, Berkowitz DM, Glinski RP, Ash A, Stevens CL. Irreversible inhibition of nuclear exoribonuclease by thymidine-3'-fluorophosphate and p-haloacetamidophenyl nucleotides. Science 1969; 164:1408-10. [PMID: 5814684 DOI: 10.1126/science.164.3886.1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Exoribonuclease purified from Ehrlich ascites tumor cell nuclei and in intact HeLa cell nuclei is irreversibly inactivated by tow concentrations of p-bromo- and p-iodoacetamidophenyl nucleotides and by thymidine-3'-fluorophosphate. Iodoacetate, bromoacetate, and thymidine-5'-fluorophosphate do not affect the enzyme. Although p-haloacetamidophenyl nucleotides inactivate ribonucleic acid polymerase of isolated HeLa cell nuclei, thymidine-3'-fluorophosphate does not affect the activity of this enzyme in vitro.
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Stevens CL, Gutowski GE, Bryant CP, Glinski RP. The isolation and synthesis of ossamine, the aminousugar fragment from the fungal metabolite ossamycin. Tetrahedron Lett 1969; 15:1181-4. [PMID: 5794430 DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)87837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Stevens CL, Gupta SK, Glinski RP, Gutowski GE, Bryant CP. Determination of stereochemistry and absolute configuration at C-4 and C-5 of 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy hexoses. Tetrahedron Lett 1968; 15:1817-20. [PMID: 5640295 DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)76372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Stevens CL, Gutowski GE, Taylor KG, Bryant CP. The stereochemistry and synthesis of forosamine: a deoxy-amino sugar moiety of the spiramycin antibiotics. Tetrahedron Lett 1966; 46:5717-21. [PMID: 5957111 DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)84184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Stevens CL, Blumbergs P, Daniher FA, Otterbach DH, Taylor KG. Synthesis and chemistry of 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy sugars. II. Glucose. J Org Chem 1966; 31:2822-9. [PMID: 5919931 DOI: 10.1021/jo01347a020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Stevens CL, Ash AB, Thuillier A, Amin JH, Balys A, Dennis WE, Dickerson JP, Glinski RP, Hanson HT, Pillai MD, Stoddard JW. Amino ketone rearrangements. VI. Synthesis of 2-alkylamino-2-phenylcyclohexanones. J Org Chem 1966; 31:2593-601. [PMID: 5917446 DOI: 10.1021/jo01346a033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Stevens
- NEW HAMPSHIRE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION, DURHAM, NEW HAMPSHIRE
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