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Wullschleger A, Vandamme A, Mielau J, Stoll L, Heinz A, Bermpohl F, Bechdolf A, Stelzig M, Hardt O, Hauth I, Holthoff-Detto V, Mahler L, Montag C. Effect of standardized post-coercion review on subjective coercion: Results of a randomized-controlled trial. Eur Psychiatry 2021; 64:e78. [PMID: 34872630 PMCID: PMC8715283 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.2256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post-coercion review has been increasingly regarded as a useful intervention in
psychiatric inpatient setting. However, little is known about its effect on perceived
coercion. Methods A multicenter, two-armed, randomized controlled trial was conducted, aiming at
analyzing the effect of post-coercion review on perceived coercion. People with severe
mental disorders, who experienced at least one coercive measure during inpatient
treatment, were randomized using Zelen’s design to an intervention group receiving
standardized post-coercion review, or a control group treated as usual. The MacArthur
admission experience scale (AES) and the coercion ladder (CL) were used to assess
perceived coercion during inpatient treatment. The coercion experience scale (CES)
measured experienced coercion during the coercive intervention. Analyses of covariance
were performed to determine group differences. Results Of 422 randomized participants, n = 109 consented to participate in
the trial. A restricted intention-to-treat analysis of all individuals who consented
revealed no significant effect of the intervention on perceived coercion. A significant
interaction effect between the factors gender and intervention on the AES scores was
found. Sensitivity analysis revealed significant effects of the intervention on both AES
and CL scores and an interaction effect between intervention and gender, indicating a
higher efficacy in women. No effect of the intervention on CES scores was found. Conclusions Standardized post-coercion review sessions did not alleviate the subjective perception
of coercion in the total sample. However, post hoc analysis revealed a significant
effect of the intervention in women. Results indicate the need to further address
gender-specific issues related to coercion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wullschleger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Thônex, Switzerland
| | - A Vandamme
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Mielau
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Stoll
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Bermpohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Bechdolf
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Vivantes Hospital Am Urban and Vivantes Hospital im Friedrichshain/Charité Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Stelzig
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Vivantes Wenckebach Clinic, Berlin, Germany
| | - O Hardt
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Vivantes Clinic Neukölln, Berlin, Germany
| | - I Hauth
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, St. Joseph Hospital Berlin-Weissensee, Berlin, Germany
| | - V Holthoff-Detto
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Alexianer Hospital Hedwigshöhe, St. Hedwig Kliniken Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Medical Faculty, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - L Mahler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Clinics in the Theodor-Wenzel-Werk, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Montag
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Önal A, Rapp MA, Sebold M, Garbusow M, Chen H, Kuitunen-Paul S, Montag C, Kluge U, Smolka MN, Heinz A. Empathy and the ability to experience one's own emotions modify the expression of blatant and subtle prejudice among young male adults. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 137:471-479. [PMID: 33798974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Prejudices can lead to discrimination, social exclusion, and violence particularly among young male adults. Previous findings suggest that the degree of holding prejudices is linked to low levels of empathy, while low levels of empathy have been associated with alexithymia, the inability to experience one's own feelings. We tested the hypothesis that the impact of a lack of empathy on reporting blatant and subtle prejudices is moderated by the inability to identify one's own feelings. In a sample of n = 136 young male adults aged 21 years (mean = 21.5 years; sd = 0.3), we conducted correlation and moderator analyses to determine possible relationships between prejudices, empathy, and alexithymia as assessed by self-report questionnaires. Prejudices were assessed by the Blatant and Subtle Prejudice Scale (BSPS), empathy was assessed by the German modified version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and alexithymia by the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Self-reported empathy levels were correlated with the strength of subtle and blatant prejudices. The moderation analyses revealed that the negative association between empathy and subtle prejudice increased with decreasing alexithymia. The negative association between empathy and blatant prejudice, on the other hand, was significant only for participants with low levels of alexithymia. These results suggest that empathy can limit the expression of blatant and to some degree also subtle prejudice when subjects are capable to identify their own feelings in a group of young males.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Önal
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - M A Rapp
- Department for Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Potsdam, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - M Sebold
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - M Garbusow
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Centre, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - S Kuitunen-Paul
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01187, Dresden, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - C Montag
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - U Kluge
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - M N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Centre, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - A Heinz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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3
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Montag C, Brandt L, Lehmann A, De Millas W, Falkai P, Gaebel W, Hasan A, Hellmich M, Janssen B, Juckel G, Karow A, Klosterkötter J, Lambert M, Maier W, Müller H, Pützfeld V, Schneider F, Stützer H, Wobrock T, Vernaleken IB, Wagner M, Heinz A, Bechdolf A, Gallinat J. Cognitive and emotional empathy in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2020; 142:40-51. [PMID: 32339254 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairments of social cognition are considered core features of schizophrenia and are established predictors of social functioning. However, affective aspects of social cognition including empathy have far less been studied than its cognitive dimensions. The role of empathy in the development of schizophrenia remains largely elusive. METHODS Emotional and cognitive empathy were investigated in large sample of 120 individuals at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis (CHR-P) and compared with 50 patients with schizophrenia and 50 healthy controls. A behavioral empathy assessment, the Multifaceted Empathy Test, was implemented, and associations of empathy with cognition, social functioning, and symptoms were determined. RESULTS Our findings demonstrated significant reductions of emotional empathy in individuals at CHR-P, while cognitive empathy appeared intact. Only individuals with schizophrenia showed significantly reduced scores of cognitive empathy compared to healthy controls and individuals at CHR-P. Individuals at CHR-P were characterized by significantly lower scores of emotional empathy and unspecific arousal for both positive and negative affective valences compared to matched healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia. Results also indicated a correlation of lower scores of emotional empathy and arousal with higher scores of prodromal symptoms. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that the tendency to 'feel with' an interaction partner is reduced in individuals at CHR-P. Altered emotional reactivity may represent an additional, early vulnerability marker, even if cognitive mentalizing is grossly unimpaired in the prodromal stage. Different mechanisms might contribute to reductions of cognitive and emotional empathy in different stages of non-affective psychotic disorders and should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Montag
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Brandt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Lehmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - W De Millas
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Vivantes Wenckebach-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - W Gaebel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Hasan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Hellmich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - B Janssen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,LVR-Klinik Langenfeld, Langenfeld, Germany
| | - G Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Preventive Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - A Karow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Klosterkötter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Lambert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - W Maier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - H Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - V Pützfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - F Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - H Stützer
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - T Wobrock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, County Hospitals Darmstadt-Dieburg, Groß-Umstadt, Germany
| | - I B Vernaleken
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Bechdolf
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Vivantes Klinikum am Urban and Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,ORYGEN, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Plieger T, Felten A, Melchers M, Markett S, Montag C, Reuter M. Association between a functional polymorphism on the dopamine-β-hydroxylase gene and reward dependence in two independent samples. Personality and Individual Differences 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Lenau F, Hahn E, Montag C, Reuter M, Spinath F. How Addicted is Your Brother? Peer Ratings in Measurement of Problematic Internet Use. Personality and Individual Differences 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Sariyska R, Lachmann B, Reuter M, Cheng C, Gnisci A, Kaliszewska-Czeremska K, Laconi S, Zhong S, Toraman D, Montag C. Internet use: Molecular influences of a functional variant on the OXTR gene, the motivation behind using the Internet, and cross-cultural specifics. Personality and Individual Differences 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Montag C, Hall J, Plieger T, Felten A, Markett S, Melchers M, Reuter M. The DRD3 Ser9Gly polymorphism, Machiavellianism and its link to schizotypal personality. Personality and Individual Differences 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Montag C, Błaszkiewicz K, Sariyska R, Lachmann B, Andone I, Trendafilov B, Eibes M, Markowetz A. Who’s active on Whatsapp? Evidence from Psychoinformatics. Personality and Individual Differences 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hahn E, Reuter M, Spinath F, Montag C. Investigations on the etiology of problematic internet use and its facets: Common or specific genetic sources? Personality and Individual Differences 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Lachmann B, Sariyska R, Markowetz A, Kannen C, Błaszkiewicz K, Trendafilov B, Andone I, Eibes M, Montag C. Molecular genetics of life satisfaction and links to personality. Personality and Individual Differences 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Markett S, Heeren G, Montag C, Weber B, Reuter M. Loss aversion is associated with bilateral insula volume. A voxel based morphometry study. Neurosci Lett 2016; 619:172-6. [PMID: 27012426 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Loss aversion is a decision bias, reflecting a greater sensitivity to losses than to gains in a decision situation. Recent neuroscientific research has shown that mesocorticolimbic structures like ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the ventral striatum constitute a bidirectional neural system that processes gains and losses and exhibits a neural basis of loss aversion. On a functional and structural level, the amygdala and insula also seem to play an important role in the processing of loss averse behavior. By applying voxel-based morphometry to structural brain images in N=41 healthy participants, the current study provides further evidence for the relationship of brain structure and loss aversion. The results show a negative correlation of gray matter volume in bilateral posterior insula as well as left medial frontal gyrus with individual loss aversion. Hence, higher loss aversion is associated with lower gray matter volume in these brain areas. Both structures have been discussed to play important roles in the brain's salience network, where the posterior insula is involved in interoception and the detection of salience. The medial frontal gyrus might impact decision making through its dense connections with the anterior cingulate cortex. A possible explanation for the present finding is that structural differences in these regions alter the processing of losses and salience, possibly biasing decision making towards avoidance of negative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Markett
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Germany; Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Germany.
| | - G Heeren
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - C Montag
- Institute for Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Germany
| | - B Weber
- Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Germany; Life and Brain Center, Department of NeuroCognition, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Reuter
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Germany; Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Germany
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Jafari R, Baziar M, Bleek B, Reuter M, Montag C. Personality attributes of Iranian people who stutter. J Commun Disord 2015; 58:119-125. [PMID: 26547120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Two recent studies from Australia and Germany have both shown that people who stutter (PWS) have elevated Neuroticism scores on the widely used NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) compared to individuals in a control sample. The two studies showed opposite results, however, for the personality traits Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. One reason for these opposing findings could be that the two studies were conducted in different cultural settings. Given that the effect of different cultural background on the relationship between the NEO-FFI and stuttering remains an open question, we investigated the NEO-FFI scores from 98 PWS and an age- and sex-matched control-group from a less widely studied cultural background (Iran). Overall, the present study showed, in line with a study from Germany, higher Agreeableness, but not Neuroticism, in PWS compared to normally fluent controls. To get further insights into these findings, we also contrasted both samples from Iran with a healthy matched sample from Germany. The resulting cross-cultural differences from these analyses are also discussed in the present paper. Although the present study is limited by a cross-sectional design, and so no causal conclusions can be drawn, the authors discuss whether the replicated elevated Agreeableness scores in PWS might represent a self-defense mechanism to cope with one's own speech handicap.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jafari
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Baziar
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Bleek
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Reuter
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - C Montag
- Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
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Kunz L, Schroder TN, Lee H, Montag C, Lachmann B, Sariyska R, Reuter M, Stirnberg R, Stocker T, Messing-Floeter PC, Fell J, Doeller CF, Axmacher N. Reduced grid-cell-like representations in adults at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease. Science 2015; 350:430-3. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aac8128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Netter P, Baars M, Harro J, Reuter M, Montag C, Eensoo D, Müller M, Gallhofer B. MAO-B Activity in Platelets and the MAO-B Gene Polymorphism are Differently Related to Personality Traits in Alcohol Dependent Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.9734/indj/2015/17427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Markett S, Voigt G, Montag C, Weber B, Reuter M. Individual differences in during decision making under uncertainty: Loss aversion covaries with insular grey matter volume. Personality and Individual Differences 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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18
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Montag C, Smillie L. Neuroscientific approaches to individual differences in positive emotionality and reward responsiveness. Personality and Individual Differences 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Montag C, Schöne-Bake J, Wagner J, Reuter M, Markett S, Weber B, Liu W, Quesada C. Volumetric hemispheric ratio and extraversion. Personality and Individual Differences 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Reuter M, Markett S, Penz S, Mainzer A, Felten A, Montag C. The influence of dopaminergic gene variants on decision making in the ultimatum game. Personality and Individual Differences 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Markett S, Weber B, Voigt G, Montag C, Felten A, Elger C, Reuter M. Intrinsic connectivity networks and personality: the temperament dimension harm avoidance moderates functional connectivity in the resting brain. Neuroscience 2013; 240:98-105. [PMID: 23466808 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent functional imaging studies that examined functional connectivity in the resting brain have demonstrated various intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs). Certain patterns of over- and underactivity in various ICNs have been hypothesized to form the neural basis of psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, activity in the ICNs does not reflect ongoing mental activity but the maintenance of neural circuits in a ready state suggesting not only relationships between ICNs and disorders but also correlations between ICNs and personality. In the present study, we assess the relationship between trait anxiety, a well established endophenotype of anxiety disorders, and functional connectivities within the insular salience ICN in a sample of healthy female subjects. Based on a previous study that demonstrated the functional relevance of the insular salience ICN for state anxiety, we used the harm avoidance scale from the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) as a trait marker to demonstrate increased functional connectivity within the insular salience ICN. Specifically, the functional connectivity between the anterior insula and the anterior cingulate and between the anterior insula and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were positively correlated with individual harm avoidance scores. The results fit into previous work, provide evidence for a potential biomarker of anxiety disorders and, most importantly, demonstrate a direct neural correlate of the personality trait harm avoidance in the absence of external stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Markett
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Germany.
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Montag C, Reuter M, Weber B, Markett S, Schoene-Bake JC. Individual differences in trait anxiety are associated with white matter tract integrity in the left temporal lobe in healthy males but not females. Neuroscience 2012; 217:77-83. [PMID: 22609931 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The temporal lobe plays a major role in anxiety and depression disorders and is also of importance for trait anxiety in the non-pathological range. The present study investigates self-report data of personality dimensions linked to trait anxiety in the context of white matter tract integrity in the temporal lobes of the human brain in a large sample of N=110 healthy participants. The results show that especially in men values for fractional anisotropy of several white matter tracts in the temporal lobe of the left hemisphere correlate substantially with individual differences in trait anxiety (depending on the tract investigated between .40 and .49). The present study shows that not only data from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), but also from structural diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provide interesting insights into the biological foundation of human personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Montag
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Montag C, Schoene-Bake JC, Faber J, Reuter M, Weber B. Genetic variation on the BDNF gene is not associated with differences in white matter tracts in healthy humans measured by tract-based spatial statistics. Genes, Brain and Behavior 2010; 9:886-91. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2010.00626.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Montag C, Weber B, Fliessbach K, Elger C, Reuter M. The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism impacts parahippocampal and amygdala volume in healthy humans: incremental support for a genetic risk factor for depression. Psychol Med 2009; 39:1831-1839. [PMID: 19335934 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291709005509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the pathogenesis of affective disorders such as depression has been controversial. Mounting evidence comes from structural imaging, that the functional BDNF Val66Met polymorphism influences the hippocampal volume with carriers of the 66Met allele (Val/Met and Met/Met group) having smaller hippocampi. Given that stress-induced atrophy of the hippocampus is associated with the pathogenesis of affective disorders, the functional BDNF Val66Met polymorphism could be an incremental risk factor. METHOD Eighty-seven healthy Caucasian participants underwent structural imaging and were genotyped for the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism. Data were analysed by means of voxel-based morphometry (VBM). RESULTS Region of interest (ROI) analyses revealed an association between the 66Met allele and smaller parahippocampal volumes and a smaller right amygdala. In addition, the whole-brain analysis showed that the thalamus, fusiformus gyrus and several parts of the frontal gyrus were smaller in 66Met allele carriers. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the impact of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is not confined to the hippocampus but also extends to the parahippocampal gyrus and the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Montag
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Bonn, Germany.
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Schoene-Bake JC, Roeske S, Montag C, Trautner P, Faber J, Reuter M, Elger C, Weber B. Non-invasive mapping of connections of the human hippocampus using diffusion imaging. Akt Neurol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Stelzel C, Basten U, Montag C, Reuter M, Fiebach C. Dopaminergic regulation of flexible switching processes in the lateral prefrontal cortex. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)72112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Schoene-Bake JC, Montag C, Roeske S, Trautner P, Faber J, Reuter M, Elger CE, Weber B. Non-invasive mapping of connections of the human hippocampus using diffusion imaging. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1216237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Reuter M, Esslinger C, Montag C, Lis S, Gallhofer B, Kirsch P. A functional variant of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene impacts working memory: a genetic imaging study. Biol Psychol 2008; 79:111-7. [PMID: 18234415 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2007] [Revised: 12/05/2007] [Accepted: 12/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Imaging studies have demonstrated that prefrontal and parietal regions are activated during working memory (WM) tasks. Recently some molecular genetic studies reported associations between a functional promoter polymorphism of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene (TPH2), that regulates the synthesis of serotonin, and attention. In 49 healthy Caucasian subjects the role of the TPH2 -703 G/T polymorphism for WM was tested by means of an imaging genomics approach in an n-back task. fMRI data showed an increased activation for the 2-back as compared to the 0-back condition for a large network in prefrontal and parietal areas. Although behavioural data showed no performance differences between the genotype groups of the -703 G/T a significantly stronger activation of the TT genotype carriers in BA 6, BA 46, and BA 40 was visible in contrast to the GT and GG groups. Present findings in congruence with previous findings support the hypothesis that TT carriers compensate deficits in executive control functions by increased brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reuter
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Römerstr. 164, D-53117 Bonn, Germany.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence indicates impairments of empathic abilities in schizophrenia that may impact outcome and course of the disease. While there is consensus on the presence of deficits in 'theory of mind' in this disorder, i.e. cognitive aspects of mental state attribution, the ability to infer emotional experiences of others, i.e. affective empathy, has not been investigated so far. METHODS We assessed multiple dimensions of empathy in 45 schizophrenic patients and 45 healthy controls, matched for age and gender, with a self-rating instrument, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). To control for modulating effects of cognitive deficits, a neuropsychological test battery was employed. RESULTS Schizophrenic patients showed significantly lower scores in cognitive empathy ('perspective taking': F=12.176, df=1, p=0.001) but more self-related aversive feelings in response to the distress of others ('personal distress: F=16.477, df=1, p<0.001). Self-ratings of affective empathy, i.e. concern for others, did not differ between groups. Results in the domains of empathy were not explained by symptoms or neurocognition as revealed by regression analysis. However, lower scores in 'perspective taking' were found with advancing duration of illness (r=-0.453, p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Results indicate reductions of cognitive empathy but relatively preserved emotional empathic abilities in schizophrenia. Although previous studies observed deficits in emotion perception and expression, our findings support the concept of differentially disturbed abilities in cognitive and emotional empathy in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Montag
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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Bai M, Roser T, Ahrens L, Alekseev IG, Alessi J, Beebe-Wang J, Blaskiewicz M, Bravar A, Brennan JM, Bruno D, Bunce G, Courant E, Drees A, Fischer W, Gardner C, Gill R, Glenn J, Haeberli W, Huang H, Jinnouchi O, Kewisch J, Luccio A, Luo Y, Nakagawa I, Okada H, Pilat F, Mackay WW, Makdisi Y, Montag C, Ptitsyn V, Satogata T, Stephenson E, Svirida D, Tepikian S, Trbojevic D, Tsoupas N, Wise T, Zelenski A, Zeno K, Zhang SY. Polarized proton collisions at 205 GeV at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:174801. [PMID: 16712305 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.174801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The Brookhaven Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has been providing collisions of polarized protons at a beam energy of 100 GeV since 2001. Equipped with two full Siberian snakes in each ring, polarization is preserved during acceleration from injection to 100 GeV. However, the intrinsic spin resonances beyond 100 GeV are about a factor of 2 stronger than those below 100 GeV making it important to examine the impact of these strong intrinsic spin resonances on polarization survival and the tolerance for vertical orbit distortions. Polarized protons were first accelerated to the record energy of 205 GeV in RHIC with a significant polarization measured at top energy in 2005. This Letter presents the results and discusses the sensitivity of the polarization survival to orbit distortions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bai
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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MacKay WW, Montag C. Comment on "effect of a polarized hydrogen target on the polarization of a stored proton beam". Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2006; 73:028501. [PMID: 16605487 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.73.028501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Meyer [Phys. Rev. E 50, 1485 (1994)] analyzed the filtering mechanism of polarizing a stored beam by scattering from an internal polarized target. We noticed in Meyer's derivation of Eq. (4) of that paper that he had added a new twist to an old argument [W. Brückner, Physics with Antiprotons at LEAR in the ACOL Era: Proceedings of the Third LEAR Workshop, Tignes, Savoie, France, January 19-26, 1985 (Editions Frontières, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 1985), p. 245] by allowing some particles that are spin flipped to be kept in the beam. We show that this invalidates the old result and leads to a more complicated expression for the buildup of polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- W W MacKay
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
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Vollmar AM, Montag C, Preusser U, Kraft W, Schulz R. Atrial natriuretic peptide and plasma volume of dogs suffering from heart failure or dehydration. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 1994; 41:548-57. [PMID: 8831270 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.1994.tb00122.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Studies in humans and experimental animal models suggest that volume overload increases and volume underload decreases release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a hormone intimately linked to water and electrolyte homeostasis. This relationship was examined in dogs suffering from heart failure or dehydration and the data presented here are in support of this general concept. Plasma ANP concentration in dogs with congestive heart failure (CHF) was elevated with the severity of the disease (NYHA classification, class II: 21.4 +/- 9.2 fmol ANP/ml; class III: 65.5 +/- 72.6; class IV: 119.7 +/- 87.1; healthy dogs: 13.9 +/- 7.5). The increment in plasma ANP concentration in cardiac patients was also positively correlated with the plasma volume. The blood volume of dogs with moderate and severe CHF was significantly (P < 0.05) elevated and a normotonic blood pressure prevailed. In contrast, dehydrated dogs tend to display reduced ANP plasma concentration (7.7 +/- 5.6 fmol/ml) as well as significantly lower plasma volume and reduced blood pressure (P < 0.05). In dogs with severe CHF, ANP precursor material is present in the blood, which is normally undetectable. These data further support the concept of a regulatory function of ANP in volume homeostasis of dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Vollmar
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Munich, Germany
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Rathmann F, Montag C, Fick D, Tonhäuser J, Brückner W, Gaul H, Grieser M, Povh B, Rall M, Steffens E, Stock F, Zapfe K, Braun B, Graw G, Haeberli W. New method to polarize protons in a storage ring and implications to polarize antiprotons. Phys Rev Lett 1993; 71:1379-1382. [PMID: 10055525 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.1379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Montag C, Matthes HF, Hiepe T. [The use of cryopreserved swine blood for in vitro feeding of the soft tick Ornithodoros moubata]. Angew Parasitol 1992; 33:185-92. [PMID: 1456462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Porcine stored blood has been used in the in vitro feeding of the soft tick Ornithodoros moubata through a Parafilm membrane. The efficiency of the feeding decreased after storage of 5 weeks by -20 degrees C. Through addition of 10(-3) M ATP/l the feeding results with frozen blood for duration of storage up to 200 days well agreed with the results of feeding tests with fresh porcine blood: The nymphs (N)1-3 fed the 4-5fold, the N4-6 the 2.7fold and the adults (A) the 1.9fold of their body weight. The feeding rate was 98.6% (N1-3); 92.7% (N4-5) and 81.9% (A). The mortality rate was under 10%. Females laid 130 eggs after blood meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Montag
- Institut für Parasitologie des Fachbereiches Veterinärmedizine, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Deutschland
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Montag C. Über eine behelfsmäßige Einrichtung zur Anfertigung kymographischer Röntgenaufnahmen. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 1949. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1231617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Erb K, Montag C. Ein Beitrag zur Differentialdiagnose entzündlicher Wirbelsäulenerkrankungen. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 1949. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1231573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Montag C. Über die Bedeutung des Allgemeinzustandes für eine erfolgreiche Strahlenbehandlung des Karzinoms. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1948; 73:80. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1118057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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