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Kim CL, Agampodi S, Marks F, Kim JH, Excler JL. Mitigating the effects of climate change on human health with vaccines and vaccinations. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1252910. [PMID: 37900033 PMCID: PMC10602790 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1252910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change represents an unprecedented threat to humanity and will be the ultimate challenge of the 21st century. As a public health consequence, the World Health Organization estimates an additional 250,000 deaths annually by 2030, with resource-poor countries being predominantly affected. Although climate change's direct and indirect consequences on human health are manifold and far from fully explored, a growing body of evidence demonstrates its potential to exacerbate the frequency and spread of transmissible infectious diseases. Effective, high-impact mitigation measures are critical in combating this global crisis. While vaccines and vaccination are among the most cost-effective public health interventions, they have yet to be established as a major strategy in climate change-related health effect mitigation. In this narrative review, we synthesize the available evidence on the effect of climate change on vaccine-preventable diseases. This review examines the direct effect of climate change on water-related diseases such as cholera and other enteropathogens, helminthic infections and leptospirosis. It also explores the effects of rising temperatures on vector-borne diseases like dengue, chikungunya, and malaria, as well as the impact of temperature and humidity on airborne diseases like influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection. Recent advances in global vaccine development facilitate the use of vaccines and vaccination as a mitigation strategy in the agenda against climate change consequences. A focused evaluation of vaccine research and development, funding, and distribution related to climate change is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Lynn Kim
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suneth Agampodi
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Florian Marks
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Madagascar Institute for Vaccine Research, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jerome H. Kim
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim CL, Cruz Espinoza LM, Vannice KS, Tadesse BT, Owusu-Dabo E, Rakotozandrindrainy R, Jani IV, Teferi M, Bassiahi Soura A, Lunguya O, Steele AD, Marks F. The Burden of Typhoid Fever in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Perspective. Res Rep Trop Med 2022; 13:1-9. [PMID: 35308424 PMCID: PMC8932916 DOI: 10.2147/rrtm.s282461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
While typhoid fever has largely been eliminated in high-income regions which have developed modern water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities, it remains a significant public health burden resulting in morbidity and mortality among millions of individuals in resource-constrained settings. Prevention and control efforts are needed that integrate several high-impact interventions targeting facilities and infrastructure, including those addressing improvements in sanitation, access to safe water, and planned urbanization, together with parallel efforts directed at effective strategies for use of typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV). The use of TCVs is a critical tool with the potential of having a rapid impact on typhoid fever disease burden; their introduction will also serve as an important strategy to combat evolving antimicrobial resistance to currently available typhoid fever treatments. Well-designed epidemiological surveillance studies play a critical role in establishing the need for, and monitoring the impact of, typhoid fever control and prevention strategies implemented by public health authorities. Here, we present a perspective based on a narrative review of the impact of typhoid fever on morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa and discuss ongoing surveillance activities and the role of vaccination in prevention and control efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Lynn Kim
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kirsten S Vannice
- Enteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ellis Owusu-Dabo
- School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Ilesh V Jani
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Maputo Province, Mozambique
| | | | - Abdramane Bassiahi Soura
- Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Octavie Lunguya
- Department of Microbiology, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Medical Biology, University Teaching Hospital of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - A Duncan Steele
- Enteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Florian Marks
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: Florian Marks, Tel +82-2-881-1133, Email
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Lee YH, Kim MJ, Tark DS, Sohn HJ, Yun EI, Cho IS, Choi YP, Kim CL, Lee JH, Kweon CH, Joo YS, Chung GS, Lee JH. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy surveillance in the Republic of Korea. REV SCI TECH OIE 2013; 31:861-70. [PMID: 23520739 DOI: 10.20506/rst.31.3.2165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
National surveillance for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) began in the Republic of Korea (ROK) in 1996. Surveillance programmes changed overtime to comply with the guidelines of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Bovine spongiform encephalopathy was designated as a notifiable disease in 1997. From July 2008, the BSE surveillance programme was intensified to test cattle in designated high-risk populations more effectively. New measures included the compulsory testing of all non-ambulatory cattle at abattoirs, and encouraging the testing of all dead cattle examined and recorded under the Mutual Aid Insurance Scheme (fallen stock). In addition, there was a vigorous search for animals suspected of being clinically infected. As a result, a total of 426,919 OIE points were achieved over a period of seven consecutive years to the end of October 2009. This enabled the submission of a successful application to the OIE in 2010 for recognition of the ROK's BSE disease status as being one of controlled risk, in accordance with Chapter 11.5. of the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lee
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Kim
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Tark
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Sohn
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - E I Yun
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Cho
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Y P Choi
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - C L Kim
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Kweon
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Joo
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - G S Chung
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 480, Anyang-6-dong, Manan-gu, Anyang-City, Gyeonggi-do, 430-757, Republic of Korea
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El Nemer W, Colin Y, Collec E, Gane P, Cartron JP, Kim CL. Analysis of deletions in three McLeod patients: exclusion of the XS locus from the Xp21.1-Xp21.2 region. Eur J Immunogenet 2000; 27:29-33. [PMID: 10651848 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2370.2000.00188.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The McLeod syndrome is a rare X-linked recessive disorder characterized by blood group, neuromuscular and haematopoietic abnormalities. It is caused by XK gene defects and may include large deletions in the Xp21 region. Analysis of three unrelated McLeod patients for the presence of the XK, DMD, CYBB, ETX1, RPGR and OTC loci, as well as for the DXS709 marker, revealed deletions from the 39th exon of DMD to the ETX1 locus (patient Be), from the XK to RPGR loci (patient Bi) and from the XK to CYBB loci (patient Lh). All three patients normally expressed the Lutheran (Lu) red cell antigens, thus excluding the interval between the RPGR and DMD genes as site of the XS locus, previously mapped to the Xp21.2-Xq21.1 region and thought to regulate the expression of the LU blood group gene on chromosome 19.
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Affiliation(s)
- W El Nemer
- INSERM U76, Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
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Abstract
The human Kx blood group antigen is carried by a 37,000 M(r) apparent molecular mass membrane polypeptide which is deficient in rare individuals with the McLeod syndrome. The X-linked human XK gene is transcribed in many tissues including adult skeletal muscle and brain, sieges of disorders observed in McLeod syndrome. We report here the cloning of the orthologous mouse XK mRNA. Comparison of XK from human and mouse revealed 80% sequence similarity at the amino acid level. The mouse XK gene is organized in two exons and is expressed in many tissues, but its expression pattern is slightly different from that of the human gene. The presence in mouse erythrocyte membrane of a 43,000 M(r) Kx-related protein was demonstrated by immunoblotting with a rabbit antiserum directed against the human protein. With non-reduced samples, a 140,000 M(r) species was detected instead of the 43,000 M(r) protein, suggesting that, as demonstrated in the Kx polypeptide might be complexed with another protein in mouse red cells, presumably the homologue of the human Kell protein of 93,000 M(r).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Collec
- INSERM U76, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, 6 rue Alexandre Cabanel, 75015 Paris, France
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