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Cobos CJ, Tellbach E, Sölter L, Troe J. Practical Aspects of Thermal Dissociation and Recombination Reactions: the Reaction Systems CF
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X(+M)↔CF
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+X (+M) with X=F, Cl, Br, and I. Isr J Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jorge Cobos
- INIFTA Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata CONICET La Plata Argentina
| | - Elsa Tellbach
- Max-Planck-Institut für Multidisziplinäre Naturwissenschaften Am Fassberg 11 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstr. 6 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lars Sölter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Multidisziplinäre Naturwissenschaften Am Fassberg 11 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstr. 6 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Jürgen Troe
- Max-Planck-Institut für Multidisziplinäre Naturwissenschaften Am Fassberg 11 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstr. 6 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
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Cobos CJ, Sölter L, Tellbach E, Troe J. Shock wave and modelling study of the unimolecular dissociation of Si(CH 3) 2F 2: an access to spectroscopic and kinetic properties of SiF 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:22437-22442. [PMID: 34585693 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03298d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The thermal dissociation of Si(CH3)2F2 was studied in shock waves between 1400 and 1900 K. UV absorption-time profiles of its dissociation products SiF2 and CH3 were monitored. The reaction proceeds as a unimolecular process not far from the high-pressure limit. Comparing modelled and experimental results, an asymmetric representation of the falloff curves was shown to be most realistic. Modelled limiting high-pressure rate constants agreed well with the experimental data. The UV absorption spectrum of SiF2 was shown to be quasi-continuous, with a maximum near 222 nm and a wavelength-integrated absorption cross section of 4.3 (±1) × 10-23 cm3 (between 195 and 255 nm, base e), the latter being consistent with radiative lifetimes from the literature. Experiments over the range 1900-3200 K showed that SiF2 was not consumed by a simple bond fission SiF2 →SiF + F, but by a bimolecular reaction SiF2 + SiF2 → SiF + SiF3 (rate constant in the range 1011-1012 cm3 mol-1 s-1), followed by the unimolecular dissociation SiF3 → SiF2 + F such that the reaction becomes catalyzed by the reactant SiF2. The analogy to a pathway CF2 + CF2 → CF + CF3, followed by CF3 → CF2 + F, in high-temperature fluorocarbon chemistry is stressed. Besides the high-temperature absorption cross sections of SiF2, analogous data for SiF are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Cobos
- INIFTA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Argentina
| | - L Sölter
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - E Tellbach
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - J Troe
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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Abstract
The thermal dissociation reactions of C2F4 and C2F6 were studied in shock waves over the temperature range 1000-4000 K using UV absorption spectroscopy. Absorption cross sections of C2F4, CF2, CF, and C2 were derived and related to quantum-chemically modeled oscillator strengths. After confirming earlier results for the dissociation rates of C2F4, CF3, and CF2, the kinetics of secondary reactions were investigated. For example, the reaction CF2 + CF2 → CF + CF3 was identified. Its rate constant of 1010 cm3 mol-1 s-1 near 2400 K is markedly larger than the limiting high-pressure rate constant of the dimerization CF2 + CF2 → C2F4, suggesting that the reaction follows a different path. When the measurements of the thermal dissociation CF2 (+Ar) → CF + F (+Ar) are extended to temperatures above 2500 K, the formation of C2 radicals was shown to involve the reaction CF + CF → C2F + F (modeled rate constant 8.0 × 1012 (T/3500 K)1.0 exp(-4400 K/T) cm3 mol-1 s-1) and the subsequent dissociation C2F (+Ar) → C2 + F + (Ar) (modeled limiting low-pressure rate constant 3.0 × 1016 (T/3500 K)-4.0 exp(-56880 K/T) cm3 mol-1 s-1). This mechanism was validated by monitoring the dissociation of C2 at temperatures close to 4000 K. Temperature- and pressure-dependences of rate constants of reactions involved in the system were modeled by quantum-chemistry based rate theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Cobos
- INIFTA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Argentina
| | - K Hintzer
- Dyneon GmbH, Gendorf, D-84504 Burgkirchen, Germany
| | - L Sölter
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - E Tellbach
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Thaler
- Dyneon GmbH, Gendorf, D-84504 Burgkirchen, Germany
| | - J Troe
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Abstract
The thermal dissociation of C2F5I was studied in shock waves monitoring UV absorption signals from the reactant C2F5I and later formed reaction products such as CF, CF2, and C2F4. Temperatures of 950-1500 K, bath gas concentrations of [Ar] = 3 × 10-5-2 × 10-4 mol cm-3, and reactant concentrations of 100-500 ppm C2F5I in Ar were employed. Absorption-time profiles were recorded at selected wavelengths in the range 200-280 nm. It was found that the dissociation of C2F5I → C2F5 + I was followed by the dissociation C2F5 → CF2 + CF3, before the dimerization reactions 2CF2 → C2F4 and 2CF3 → C2F6 and a reaction CF2 + CF3 → CF + CF4 set in. The combination of iodine atoms with C2F5 and CF3 had also to be considered. The rate constant of the primary dissociation of C2F5I was analyzed in the framework of statistical unimolecular rate theory accompanied by a quantum-chemical characterization of molecular parameters. Rates of secondary reactions were modelled as well. Experimental rate constants for the dissociations of C2F5I and C2F5 agreed well with the modelling results. The comparably slow dimerization 2CF2 → C2F4 could be followed both by monitoring reactant CF2 and product C2F4 absorption signals, while CF3 dimerization was too fast to be detected. A competition between the dimerization reactions of CF2 and CF3, the recombination of CF2 and CF3 forming C2F5, and CF-forming processes like CF2 + CF3 → CF + CF4 finally was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Cobos
- INIFTA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, Argentina.
| | - L Sölter
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - E Tellbach
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - J Troe
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany and Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Abstract
The thermal dissociation reaction CF3 (+Ar) → CF2 + F (+Ar) was studied in incident and reflected shock waves by monitoring UV absorption signals of the primary dissociation product CF2. CF3 radicals were produced by thermal decomposition of CF3I. Accounting for secondary reactions of F atoms, rate constants for the unimolecular dissociation were derived. Experimental parts of the falloff curves were obtained over the ranges 1544-2106 K and 1.0 × 10-5 ≤ [Ar] ≤ 9.3 × 10-5 mol cm-3. Theoretical modeling allowed for a construction of the full falloff curves connecting the limiting low-pressure rate constants k0 = [Ar] 2.5 × 1018 (T/2000 K)-5.1 exp (-42 450 K/T) cm3 mol-1 s-1 with the limiting high-pressure rate constants k∞ = 1.6 × 1016 (T/2000 K)-1.3 exp (-43 250 K/T) s-1 (center broadening factors of Fcent = 0.25, 0.22, and 0.20 at 1500, 2000, and 2500 K, respectively, were used). The influence of simplifications of falloff expressions and of limiting rate constants on the representation of experimental data is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Cobos
- INIFTA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata , CONICET , Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4 , La Plata 1900 , Argentina
| | - G Knight
- Edwards Innovation Centre , Clevedon BS21 6TH , U.K
| | - L Sölter
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 6 , D-37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - E Tellbach
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 6 , D-37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - J Troe
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 6 , D-37077 Göttingen , Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie , Am Fassberg 11 , D-37077 Göttingen , Germany
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Cobos CJ, Hintzer K, Sölter L, Tellbach E, Thaler A, Troe J. Shock wave and modelling study of the dissociation pathways of (C 2F 5) 3N. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:9785-9792. [PMID: 31025686 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01142k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The thermal decomposition of perfluorotriethylamine, (C2F5)3N, was investigated in shock waves by monitoring the formation of CF2. Experiments were performed over the temperature range of 1120-1450 K with reactant concentrations between 100 and 1000 ppm of (C2F5)3N in the bath gas Ar and with [Ar] in the range of (0.7-5.5) × 10-5 mol cm-3. The experiments were accompanied by quantum-chemical calculations of the energies of various dissociation paths and by rate calculations, in particular for the dissociation of C2F5via C2F5 → CF3 + CF2. The overall reaction can proceed in different ways, either by a sequence of successive C-N bond ruptures followed by fast C2F5 decompositions, or by a sequence of alternating C-C and C-N bond ruptures. A cross-over between the two pathways can also take place. At temperatures below about 1300 K, yields of less than one CF2 per (C2F5)3N decomposed were observed. On the other hand, at temperatures around 2000 K, when besides the parent molecule, CF3 also dissociates, yields of six CF2 per (C2F5)3N decomposed were measured. The rate-delaying steps of the dissociation mechanism at intermediate temperatures were suggested to be the processes (C2F5)NCF2 → (C2F5)N + CF2 and (CF2)N → N + CF2. The reduction of the CF2 yields at low temperatures was tentatively attributed to a branching of the mechanism at the level of (C2F5)2NCF2, from where the cyclic final product perfluoro-N-methylpyrrolidine, (C4F8)NCF3, is formed which was identified in earlier work from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Cobos
- INIFTA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
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Cobos CJ, Hintzer K, Sölter L, Tellbach E, Thaler A, Troe J. Shock Wave and Theoretical Modeling Study of the Dissociation of CH 2F 2. I. Primary Processes. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:7813-7819. [PMID: 28948790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b05854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The unimolecular dissociation of CH2F2 leading to CF2 + H2, CHF + HF, or CHF2 + H is investigated by quantum-chemical calculations and unimolecular rate theory. Modeling of the rate constants is accompanied by shock wave experiments over the range of 1400-1800 K, monitoring the formation of CF2. It is shown that the energetically most favorable dissociation channel leading to CF2 + H2 has a higher threshold energy than the energetically less favorable one leading to CHF + HF. Falloff curves of the dissociations are modeled. Under the conditions of the described experiments, the primary dissociation CH2F2 → CHF + HF is followed by the reaction CHF + HF → CF2 + H2. The experimental value of the rate constant for the latter reaction indicates that it does not proceed by an addition-elimination process involving CH2F2* intermediates, as assumed before.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Cobos
- INIFTA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET , Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - K Hintzer
- Dyneon GmbH , Gendorf, D-84508 Burgkirchen, Germany
| | - L Sölter
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - E Tellbach
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Thaler
- Dyneon GmbH , Gendorf, D-84508 Burgkirchen, Germany
| | - J Troe
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen , Tammannstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie , Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Cobos CJ, Hintzer K, Sölter L, Tellbach E, Thaler A, Troe J. Shock wave study and theoretical modeling of the thermal decomposition of c-C4F8. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:32219-24. [PMID: 26577435 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05366h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The thermal dissociation of octafluorocyclobutane, c-C4F8, was studied in shock waves over the range 1150-2300 K by recording UV absorption signals of CF2. It was found that the primary reaction nearly exclusively produces 2 C2F4 which afterwards decomposes to 4 CF2. A primary reaction leading to CF2 + C3F6 is not detected (an upper limit to the yield of the latter channel was found to be about 10 percent). The temperature range of earlier single pulse shock wave experiments was extended. The reaction was shown to be close to its high pressure limit. Combining high and low temperature results leads to a rate constant for the primary dissociation of k1 = 10(15.97) exp(-310.5 kJ mol(-1)/RT) s(-1) in the range 630-1330 K, over which k1 varies over nearly 14 orders of magnitude. Calculations of the energetics of the reaction pathway and the rate constants support the conclusions from the experiments. Also they shed light on the role of the 1,4-biradical CF2CF2CF2CF2 as an intermediate of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Cobos
- INIFTA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
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Mirífico MV, Caram JA, Gennaro AM, Cobos CJ, Vasini EJ. Radical anions containing the dioxidated 1,2,5-thiadiazole heterocycle. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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