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Corpas FJ, de Freitas-Silva L, García-Carbonero N, Contreras A, Terán F, Ruíz-Torres C, Palma JM. Separation of Plant 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase (6PGDH) Isoforms by Non-denaturing Gel Electrophoresis. Bio Protoc 2017; 7:e2399. [PMID: 34541131 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.2399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH; EC 1.1.1.44) catalyzes the third and irreversible reaction of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). It carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of the 6-phosphogluconate to yield ribulose-5-phosphate, carbon dioxide and NADPH. In higher plants, 6PGDH has several subcellular localizations including cytosol, chloroplast, mitochondria and peroxisomes ( Corpas et al., 1998 ; Krepinsky et al., 2001 ; Mateos et al., 2009 ; Fernández-Fernández and Corpas, 2016; Hölscher et al., 2016 ). Using Arabidopsis thaliana as plant model and sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits as a plant with agronomical interest, this protocol illustrates how to prepare the plant extracts for the separation of the potential 6PGDH isoforms by electrophoresis on 6% polyacrylamide non-denaturing gels. Thus, this method allows detecting three 6PGDH isoforms in Arabidopsis seedlings and two 6PGDH isoforms in sweet pepper fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Larisse de Freitas-Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Nuria García-Carbonero
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Alba Contreras
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Fátima Terán
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Carmelo Ruíz-Torres
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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Ruíz-Torres C, Feriche-Linares R, Rodríguez-Ruíz M, Palma JM, Corpas FJ. Arsenic-induced stress activates sulfur metabolism in different organs of garlic (Allium sativum L.) plants accompanied by a general decline of the NADPH-generating systems in roots. J Plant Physiol 2017; 211:27-35. [PMID: 28142094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination is a major environmental problem which affects most living organisms from plants to animals. This metalloid poses a health risk for humans through its accumulation in crops and water. Using garlic (Allium sativum L.) plants as model crop exposed to 200μM arsenate, a comparative study among their main organs (roots and shoots) was made. The analysis of arsenic, glutathione (GSH), phytochelatins (PCs) and lipid peroxidation contents with the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate-glutathione cycle), and the main components of the NADPH-generating system, including glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH), NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH) was carried out. Data showed a correlation among arsenic accumulation in the different organs, PCs content and the antioxidative response, with a general decline of the NADPH-generating systems in roots. Overall, our results demonstrate that there are clear connections between arsenic uptake, increase of their As-chelating capacity in roots and a decline of antioxidative enzyme activities (catalase and the ascorbate peroxidase) whose alteration provoked As-induced oxidative stress. Thus, the data suggest that roots act as barrier of arsenic mediated by a prominent sulfur metabolism which is characterized by the biosynthesis of high amount of PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Ruíz-Torres
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/Profesor Albareda 1, Granada E-18008, Spain
| | - Rafael Feriche-Linares
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/Profesor Albareda 1, Granada E-18008, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Ruíz
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/Profesor Albareda 1, Granada E-18008, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/Profesor Albareda 1, Granada E-18008, Spain
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/Profesor Albareda 1, Granada E-18008, Spain.
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