1
|
Herold R, Denzer L, Muranyi W, Stump-Guthier C, Ishikawa H, Schroten H, Schwerk C. Corrigendum: The phosphoproteome of choroid plexus epithelial cells following infection with Neisseria meningitidis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1249940. [PMID: 37637459 PMCID: PMC10456996 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1249940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1113528.].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Herold
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lea Denzer
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Walter Muranyi
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Herold R, Denzer L, Muranyi W, Stump-Guthier C, Ishikawa H, Schroten H, Schwerk C. The phosphoproteome of choroid plexus epithelial cells following infection with Neisseria meningitidis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1113528. [PMID: 37065199 PMCID: PMC10102474 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1113528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative bacterium Neisseria meningitidis, which causes meningitis in humans, has been demonstrated to manipulate or alter host signalling pathways during infection of the central nervous system (CNS). However, these complex signalling networks are not completely understood. We investigate the phosphoproteome of an in vitro model of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) based on human epithelial choroid plexus (CP) papilloma (HIBCPP) cells during infection with the N. meningitidis serogroup B strain MC58 in presence and absence of the bacterial capsule. Interestingly, our data demonstrates a stronger impact on the phosphoproteome of the cells by the capsule-deficient mutant of MC58. Using enrichment analyses, potential pathways, molecular processes, biological processes, cellular components and kinases were determined to be regulated as a consequence of N. meningitidis infection of the BCSFB. Our data highlight a variety of protein regulations that are altered during infection of CP epithelial cells with N. meningitidis, with the regulation of several pathways and molecular events only being detected after infection with the capsule-deficient mutant. Mass spectrometry proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD038560.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Herold
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lea Denzer
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Walter Muranyi
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Herold R, Borkowski J, Schwerk C, Stump-Guthier C, Lampe M, Ishikawa H, Muranyi W, Schroten H. Protocol for the setup and use of a human choroid plexus endothelial-epithelial two-cell-type in vitro model. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101816. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
4
|
Muranyi W, Schwerk C, Herold R, Stump-Guthier C, Lampe M, Fallier-Becker P, Weiß C, Sticht C, Ishikawa H, Schroten H. Immortalized human choroid plexus endothelial cells enable an advanced endothelial-epithelial two-cell type in vitro model of the choroid plexus. iScience 2022; 25:104383. [PMID: 35633941 PMCID: PMC9133638 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The choroid plexus (CP) is a highly vascularized structure containing endothelial and epithelial cells located in the ventricular system of the central nervous system (CNS). The role of the fenestrated CP endothelium is under-researched and requires the generation of an immortalized CP endothelial cell line with preserved features. Transduction of primary human CP endothelial cells (HCPEnC) with the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) resulted in immortalized HCPEnC (iHCPEnC), which grew as monolayer with contact inhibition, formed capillary-like tubes in Matrigel, and showed no colony growth in soft agar. iHCPEnC expressed pan-endothelial markers and presented characteristic plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein-containing structures. Cultivation of iHCPEnC and human epithelial CP papilloma (HIBCPP) cells on opposite sides of cell culture filter inserts generated an in vitro model with a consistently enhanced barrier function specifically by iHCPEnC. Overall, iHCPEnC present a tool that will contribute to the understanding of CP organ functions, especially endothelial-epithelial interplay. Generation of an immortalized human choroid plexus endothelial cell line (iHCPEnC) iHCPEnC immortalized by telomerase maintain essential endothelial properties The mRNA expression profile distinguishes iHCPEnC from other endothelial cell types iHCPEnC enhance the barrier function of a choroid plexus epithelium in coculture
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Muranyi
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Corresponding author
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rosanna Herold
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marko Lampe
- Advanced Light Microscopy Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Fallier-Becker
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christel Weiß
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Core Facility Next Generation Sequencing, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Herold R, Sünwoldt G, Stump-Guthier C, Weiss C, Ishikawa H, Schroten H, Adam R, Schwerk C. Invasion of the choroid plexus epithelium by Neisseria meningitidis is differently mediated by Arp2/3 signaling and possibly by dynamin dependent on the presence of the capsule. Pathog Dis 2021; 79:6354783. [PMID: 34410374 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neisseria meningitis (Nm) is a human-specific bacterial pathogen that can cause sepsis and meningitis. To cause meningitis Nm must enter the central nervous system (CNS) across one of the barriers between the blood and the brain. We have previously shown that a capsule-depleted Serogroup B strain of Nm displays enhanced invasion into human choroid plexus (CP) epithelial papilloma (HIBCPP) cells, which represent an in vitro model of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Still, the processes involved during CNS invasion by Nm, especially the role of host cell actin cytoskeleton remodeling, are not investigated in detail. Here, we demonstrate that invasion into CP epithelial cells by encapsulated and capsule-depleted Nm is mediated by distinct host cell pathways. Whereas a Serogroup B wild-type strain enters HIBCPP cells by a possibly dynamin-independent, but actin related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3)-dependent mechanism, invasion by a capsule-depleted mutant is reduced by the dynamin inhibitor dynasore and Arp2/3-independent. Both wild-type and mutant bacteria require Src kinase activity for entry into HIBCPP cells. Our data show that Nm can employ different mechanisms for invasion into the CP epithelium dependent on the presence of a capsule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Herold
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gina Sünwoldt
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Adam
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Haas J, Rudolph H, Costa L, Faller S, Libicher S, Würthwein C, Jarius S, Ishikawa H, Stump-Guthier C, Tenenbaum T, Schwerk C, Schroten H, Wildemann B. The Choroid Plexus Is Permissive for a Preactivated Antigen-Experienced Memory B-Cell Subset in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2021; 11:618544. [PMID: 33574821 PMCID: PMC7870993 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.618544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of B cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasingly recognized. B cells undergo compartmentalized redistribution in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during active MS, whereby memory B cells accumulate in the CSF. While B-cell trafficking across the blood-brain barrier has been intensely investigated, cellular diapedesis through the blood-CSF barrier (BCSFB) is incompletely understood. To investigate how B cells interact with the choroid plexus to transmigrate into the CSF we isolated circulating B cells from healthy donors (HC) and MS patients, utilized an inverted cell culture filter system of human choroid plexus papilloma (HIBCPP) cells to determine transmigration rates of B-cell subsets, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy to analyze migration routes, and qRT-PCR to determine cytokines/chemokines mediating B-cell diapedesis. We also screened the transcriptome of intrathecal B cells from MS patients. We found, that spontaneous transmigration of HC- and MS-derived B cells was scant, yet increased significantly in response to B-cell specific chemokines CXCL-12/CXCL-13, was further boosted upon pre-activation and occurred via paracellular and transcellular pathways. Migrating cells exhibited upregulation of several genes involved in B-cell activation/migration and enhanced expression of chemokine receptors CXCR4/CXCR5, and were predominantly of isotype class switched memory phenotype. This antigen-experienced migratory subset displayed more pronounced chemotactic activities in MS than in HC and was retrieved in intrathecal B cells from patients with active MS. Trafficking of class-switched memory B cells was downscaled in a small cohort of natalizumab-exposed MS patients and the proportions of these phenotypes were reduced in peripheral blood yet were enriched intrathecally in patients who experienced recurrence of disease activity after withdrawal of natalizumab. Our findings highlight the relevance of the BCSFB as important gate for the entry of potentially harmful activated B cells into the CSF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Haas
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henriette Rudolph
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leonardo Costa
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Faller
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saskia Libicher
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Würthwein
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Jarius
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Tenenbaum
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Horst Schroten
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Wildemann
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wiatr M, Figueiredo R, Stump-Guthier C, Winter P, Ishikawa H, Adams O, Schwerk C, Schroten H, Rudolph H, Tenenbaum T. Polar Infection of Echovirus-30 Causes Differential Barrier Affection and Gene Regulation at the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6268. [PMID: 32872518 PMCID: PMC7503638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Echovirus-30 (E-30) is responsible for the extensive global outbreaks of meningitis in children. To gain access to the central nervous system, E-30 first has to cross the epithelial blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Several meningitis causing bacteria preferentially infect human choroid plexus papilloma (HIBCPP) cells in a polar fashion from the basolateral cell side. Here, we investigated the polar infection of HIBCPP cells with E-30. Both apical and basolateral infections caused a significant decrease in the transepithelial electrical resistance of HIBCPP cells. However, to reach the same impact on the barrier properties, the multiplicity of infection of the apical side had to be higher than that of the basolateral infection. Furthermore, the number of infected cells at respective time-points after basolateral infection was significantly higher compared to apical infection. Cytotoxic effects of E-30 on HIBCPP cells during basolateral infection were observed following prolonged infection and appeared more drastically compared to the apical infection. Gene expression profiles determined by massive analysis of cDNA ends revealed distinct regulation of specific genes depending on the side of HIBCPP cells' infection. Altogether, our data highlights the polar effects of E-30 infection in a human in vitro model of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier leading to central nervous system inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Wiatr
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; or (C.S.-G.); (C.S.); (H.S.); or
| | - Ricardo Figueiredo
- GenXpro GmbH, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (R.F.); (P.W.)
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; or (C.S.-G.); (C.S.); (H.S.); or
| | - Peter Winter
- GenXpro GmbH, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (R.F.); (P.W.)
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan;
| | - Ortwin Adams
- Institute for Virology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; or (C.S.-G.); (C.S.); (H.S.); or
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; or (C.S.-G.); (C.S.); (H.S.); or
| | - Henriette Rudolph
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; or (C.S.-G.); (C.S.); (H.S.); or
| | - Tobias Tenenbaum
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; or (C.S.-G.); (C.S.); (H.S.); or
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wiatr M, Stump-Guthier C, Latorre D, Uhlig S, Weiss C, Ilonen J, Engelhardt B, Ishikawa H, Schwerk C, Schroten H, Tenenbaum T, Rudolph H. Distinct migratory pattern of naive and effector T cells through the blood-CSF barrier following Echovirus 30 infection. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:232. [PMID: 31752904 PMCID: PMC6868812 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Echovirus 30 (E-30) is one of the most frequently isolated pathogens in aseptic meningitis worldwide. To gain access to the central nervous system (CNS), E-30 and immune cells have to cross one of the two main barriers of the CNS, the epithelial blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) or the endothelial blood–brain barrier (BBB). In an in vitro model of the BCSFB, it has been shown that E-30 can infect human immortalized brain choroid plexus papilloma (HIBCPP) cells. Methods In this study we investigated the migration of different T cell subpopulations, naive and effector T cells, through HIBCPP cells during E-30 infection. Effects of E-30 infection and the migration process were evaluated via immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis, as well as transepithelial resistance and dextran flux measurement. Results Th1 effector cells and enterovirus-specific effector T cells migrated through HIBCPP cells more efficiently than naive CD4+ T cells following E-30 infection of HIBCPP cells. Among the different naive T cell populations, CD8+ T cells crossed the E-30-infected HIBCPP cell layer in a significantly higher number than CD4+ T cells. A large amount of effector T cells also remained attached to the basolateral side of the HIBCPP cells compared with naive T cells. Analysis of HIBCPP barrier function showed significant alteration after E-30 infection and trans- as well as paracellular migration of T cells independent of the respective subpopulation. Morphologic analysis of migrating T cells revealed that a polarized phenotype was induced by the chemokine CXCL12, but reversed to a round phenotype after E-30 infection. Further characterization of migrating Th1 effector cells revealed a downregulation of surface adhesion proteins such as LFA-1 PSGL-1, CD44, and CD49d. Conclusion Taken together these results suggest that naive CD8+ and Th1 effector cells are highly efficient to migrate through the BCSFB in an inflammatory environment. The T cell phenotype is modified during the migration process through HIBCPP cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Wiatr
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children's Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children's Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniela Latorre
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Uhlig
- Flowcore Mannheim, Ludolf-Krehl-Strasse 13 - 17, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, and Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of NDU Life Sciences, School of Life Dentistry, Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children's Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children's Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Tenenbaum
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children's Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Henriette Rudolph
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children's Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rose R, Häuser S, Stump-Guthier C, Weiss C, Rohde M, Kim KS, Ishikawa H, Schroten H, Schwerk C, Adam R. Virulence factor-dependent basolateral invasion of choroid plexus epithelial cells by pathogenic Escherichia coli in vitro. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 365:5195518. [PMID: 30476042 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is the most common Gram-negative causative agent of neonatal meningitis and E. coli meningitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Previous research has been carried out with regard to the blood-brain barrier and thereby unveiled an assortment of virulence factors involved in E. coli meningitis. Little, however, is known about the role of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier (BCSFB), in spite of several studies suggesting that the choroid plexus (CP) is a possible entry point for E. coli into the CSF spaces. Here, we used a human CP papilloma (HIBCPP) cell line that was previously established as valid model for the study of the BCSFB. We show that E. coli invades HIBCPP cells in a polar fashion preferentially from the physiologically relevant basolateral side. Moreover, we demonstrate that deletion of outer membrane protein A, ibeA or neuDB genes results in decreased cell infection, while absence of fimH enhances invasion, although causing reduced adhesion to the apical side of HIBCPP cells. Our findings suggest that the BCSFB might constitute an entry point for E. coli into the central nervous system, and HIBCPP cells are a valuable tool for investigating E. coli entry of the BCSFB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Rose
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Svenja Häuser
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kwang Sik Kim
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Adam
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Häuser S, Wegele C, Stump-Guthier C, Borkowski J, Weiss C, Rohde M, Ishikawa H, Schroten H, Schwerk C, Adam R. Capsule and fimbriae modulate the invasion of Haemophilus influenzae in a human blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier model. Int J Med Microbiol 2018; 308:829-839. [PMID: 30049648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative bacterium Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) can commensally colonize the upper respiratory tract, but also cause life threatening disease including epiglottitis, sepsis and meningitis. The H. influenzae capsule protects the bacteria against both phagocytosis and opsonization. Encapsulated H. influenzae strains are classified into serotypes ranging from a to f dependent on their distinct polysaccharide capsule. Due to the implementation of vaccination the incidence of invasive H. influenzae type b (Hib) infections has strongly decreased and infections with other capsulated types, including H. influenzae type f (Hif), are emerging. The pathogenesis of H. influenzae meningitis is not clarified. To enter the central nervous system (CNS) the bacteria generally have to cross either the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BSCFB). Using a cell culture model of the BCSFB based on human choroid plexus papilloma (HIBCPP) cells and different H. influenzae strains we investigated whether Hib and Hif invade the cells, and if invasion differs between encapsulated vs. capsular-deficient and fimbriated vs. non-fimbriated variants. We find that Hib can adhere to and invade into HIBCPP cells. Invasion occurs in a strongly polar fashion, since the bacteria enter the cells preferentially from the basolateral "blood "side. Fimbriae and capsule attenuate invasion into choroid plexus (CP) epithelial cells, and capsulation can influence the bacterial distribution pattern. Finally, analysis of clinical Hib and Hif isolates confirms the detected invasive properties of H. influenzae. Our data point to roles of capsule and fimbriae during invasion of CP epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Häuser
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Wegele
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Borkowski
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Rüdiger Adam
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dahm T, Adams O, Boettcher S, Diedrich S, Morozov V, Hansman G, Fallier-Becker P, Schädler S, Burkhardt CJ, Weiss C, Stump-Guthier C, Ishikawa H, Schroten H, Schwerk C, Tenenbaum T, Rudolph H. Strain-dependent effects of clinical echovirus 30 outbreak isolates at the blood-CSF barrier. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:50. [PMID: 29463289 PMCID: PMC5819246 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Echovirus (E) 30 (E-30) meningitis is characterized by neuroinflammation involving immune cell pleocytosis at the protective barriers of the central nervous system (CNS). In this context, infection of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), which has been demonstrated to be involved in enteroviral CNS pathogenesis, may affect the tight junction (TJ) and adherens junction (AJ) function and morphology. METHODS We used an in vitro human choroid plexus epithelial (HIBCPP) cell model to investigate the effect of three clinical outbreak strains (13-311, 13-759, and 14-397) isolated in Germany in 2013, and compared them to E-30 Bastianni. Conducting transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), paracellular dextran flux measurement, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blot, and immunofluorescence analysis, we investigated TJ and AJ function and morphology as well as strain-specific E-30 infection patterns. Additionally, transmission electron and focused ion beam microscopy electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) was used to evaluate the mode of leukocyte transmigration. Genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses were performed to discriminate potential genetic differences among the outbreak strains. RESULTS We observed a significant strain-dependent decrease in TEER with strains E-30 Bastianni and 13-311, whereas paracellular dextran flux was only affected by E-30 Bastianni. Despite strong similarities among the outbreak strains in replication characteristics and particle distribution, strain 13-311 was the only outbreak isolate revealing comparable disruptive effects on TJ (Zonula Occludens (ZO) 1 and occludin) and AJ (E-cadherin) morphology to E-30 Bastianni. Notwithstanding significant junctional alterations upon E-30 infection, we observed both para- and transcellular leukocyte migration across HIBCPP cells. Complete genome sequencing revealed differences between the strains analyzed, but no explicit correlation with the observed strain-dependent effects on HIBCPP cells was possible. CONCLUSION The findings revealed distinct E-30 strain-specific effects on barrier integrity and junctional morphology. Despite E-30-induced barrier alterations leukocyte trafficking did not exclusively occur via the paracellular route.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Dahm
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ortwin Adams
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sindy Boettcher
- National Reference Centre for Poliomyelitis and Enteroviruses, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Diedrich
- National Reference Centre for Poliomyelitis and Enteroviruses, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vasily Morozov
- Schaller Research Group, University of Heidelberg and the DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Grant Hansman
- Schaller Research Group, University of Heidelberg and the DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Fallier-Becker
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Claus J. Burkhardt
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of NDU Life Sciences, School of life Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Tenenbaum
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Henriette Rudolph
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children’s Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dinner S, Kaltschmidt J, Stump-Guthier C, Hetjens S, Ishikawa H, Tenenbaum T, Schroten H, Schwerk C. Mitogen-activated protein kinases are required for effective infection of human choroid plexus epithelial cells by Listeria monocytogenes. Microbes Infect 2016; 19:18-33. [PMID: 27671041 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, a Gram-positive bacterium, can cause meningitis after invading the human central nervous system. The blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), located at the epithelium of the choroid plexus, is a possible entry site for L. monocytogenes into the brain, and in vitro L. monocytogenes invades human choroid plexus epithelial papilloma (HIBCPP) cells. Although host cell signal transduction subsequent to infection by L. monocytogenes has been investigated, the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) is not clarified yet. We show that infection with L. monocytogenes causes activation of the MAPKs Erk1/2 and p38 preferentially when bacteria are added to the physiologically more relevant basolateral side of HIBCPP cells. Deletion of the listerial virulence factors Internalin (InlA) and InlB reduces MAPK activation. Whereas inhibition of either Erk1/2 or p38 signaling significantly attenuates infection of HIBCPP cells with L. monocytogenes, simultaneous inhibition of both MAPK pathways shows an additive effect, and Erk1/2 and p38 are involved in regulation of cytokine and chemokine expression following infection. Blocking of endocytosis with the synthetic dynamin inhibitor dynasore strongly abrogates infection of HIBCPP cells with L. monocytogenes. Concurrent inhibition of MAPK signaling further reduces infection, suggesting MAPKs mediate infection with L. monocytogenes during inhibition of dynamin-mediated endocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Dinner
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julian Kaltschmidt
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Svetlana Hetjens
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of NDU Life Sciences, Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry, Chyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tobias Tenenbaum
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
de Buhr N, Reuner F, Neumann A, Stump-Guthier C, Tenenbaum T, Schroten H, Ishikawa H, Müller K, Beineke A, Hennig-Pauka I, Gutsmann T, Valentin-Weigand P, Baums CG, von Köckritz-Blickwede M. Neutrophil extracellular trap formation in the Streptococcus suis-infected cerebrospinal fluid compartment. Cell Microbiol 2016; 19. [PMID: 27450700 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus suis is an important meningitis-causing pathogen in pigs and humans. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been identified as host defense mechanism against different pathogens. Here, NETs were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of S. suis-infected piglets despite the presence of active nucleases. To study NET-formation and NET-degradation after transmigration of S. suis and neutrophils through the choroid plexus epithelial cell barrier, a previously described model of the human blood-CSF barrier was used. NETs and respective entrapment of streptococci were recorded in the "CSF compartment" despite the presence of active nucleases. Comparative analysis of S. suis wildtype and different S. suis nuclease mutants did not reveal significant differences in NET-formation or bacterial survival. Interestingly, transcript expression of the human cathelicidin LL-37, a NET-stabilizing factor, increased after transmigration of neutrophils through the choroid plexus epithelial cell barrier. In good accordance, the porcine cathelicidin PR-39 was significantly increased in CSF of piglets with meningitis. Furthermore, we confirmed that PR-39 is associated with NETs in infected CSF and inhibits neutrophil DNA degradation by bacterial nucleases. In conclusion, neutrophils form NETs after breaching the infected choroid plexus epithelium, and those NETs may be protected by antimicrobial peptides against bacterial nucleases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole de Buhr
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Friederike Reuner
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ariane Neumann
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Tenenbaum
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Horst Schroten
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of NDU Life Sciences, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kristin Müller
- Institute for Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Beineke
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Isabel Hennig-Pauka
- University Clinic for Swine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Gutsmann
- Research group Biophysics, Research Centre Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Peter Valentin-Weigand
- Institute for Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph G Baums
- Institute for Bacteriology and Mycology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dinner S, Borkowski J, Stump-Guthier C, Ishikawa H, Tenenbaum T, Schroten H, Schwerk C. A Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cell-based Model of the Human Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier to Study Bacterial Infection from the Basolateral Side. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27213495 DOI: 10.3791/54061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial cells of the choroid plexus (CP), located in the ventricular system of the brain, form the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). The BCSFB functions in separating the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the blood and restricting the molecular exchange to a minimum extent. An in vitro model of the BCSFB is based on cells derived from a human choroid plexus papilloma (HIBCPP). HIBCPP cells display typical barrier functions including formation of tight junctions (TJs), development of a transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), as well as minor permeabilities for macromolecules. There are several pathogens that can enter the central nervous system (CNS) via the BCSFB and subsequently cause severe disease like meningitis. One of these pathogens is Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis), a human-specific bacterium. Employing the HIBCPP cells in an inverted cell culture filter insert system enables to study interactions of pathogens with cells of the BCSFB from the basolateral cell side, which is relevant in vivo. In this article, we describe seeding and culturing of HIBCPP cells on cell culture inserts. Further, infection of the cells with N. meningitidis along with analysis of invaded and adhered bacteria via double immunofluorescence is demonstrated. As the cells of the CP are also involved in other diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer`s disease and Multiple Sclerosis, as well as during the brain metastasis of tumor cells, the model system can also be applied in other fields of research. It provides the potential to decipher molecular mechanisms and to identify novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Dinner
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University
| | - Julia Borkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University
| | | | | | - Tobias Tenenbaum
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University
| | - Horst Schroten
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Vandenhaute E, Stump-Guthier C, Lasierra Losada M, Tenenbaum T, Rudolph H, Ishikawa H, Schwerk C, Schroten H, Dürken M, März M, Karremann M. The choroid plexus may be an underestimated site of tumor invasion to the brain: an in vitro study using neuroblastoma cell lines. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:102. [PMID: 26500454 PMCID: PMC4619509 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0257-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The central nervous system (CNS) is protected by several barriers, including the blood–brain (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid (BCSFB) barriers. Understanding how cancer cells circumvent these protective barriers to invade the CNS is of crucial interest, since brain metastasis during cancer is often a fatal event in both children and adults. However, whereas much effort has been invested in elucidating the process of tumor cell transmigration across the BBB, the role of the BCSFB might still be underestimated considering the significant number of meningeal cancer involvement. Our work aimed to investigate the transmigration of neuroblastoma cells across the BCSFB in vitro. Methods We used an inverted model of the human BCSFB presenting proper restrictive features including adequate expression of tight-junction proteins, low permeability to integrity markers, and high trans-epithelial electrical resistance. Two different human neuroblastoma cell lines (SH-SY5Y and IMR-32) were used to study the transmigration process by fluorescent microscopy analysis. Results The results show that neuroblastoma cells are able to actively cross the tight human in vitro BCSFB model within 24 h. The presence and transmigration of neuroblastoma cancer cells did not affect the barrier integrity within the duration of the experiment. Conclusions In conclusion, we presume that the choroid plexus might be an underestimated site of CNS invasion, since neuroblastoma cell lines are able to actively cross a choroid plexus epithelial cell layer. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of tumor cell transmigration in vitro and in vivo. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-015-0257-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Vandenhaute
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), EA 2465, Université d'Artois (UArtois), Lens, France
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - María Lasierra Losada
- Institute of Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Tenenbaum
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Henriette Rudolph
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of NDU Life Sciences, School of Life Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Horst Schroten
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Dürken
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin März
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Karremann
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Borkowski J, Li L, Steinmann U, Quednau N, Stump-Guthier C, Weiss C, Findeisen P, Gretz N, Ishikawa H, Tenenbaum T, Schroten H, Schwerk C. Neisseria meningitidis elicits a pro-inflammatory response involving IκBζ in a human blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier model. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:163. [PMID: 25347003 PMCID: PMC4172843 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-014-0163-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human-specific, Gram-negative bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) is a leading cause of bacterial meningitis worldwide. The blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), which is constituted by the epithelial cells of the choroid plexus (CP), has been suggested as one of the potential entry sites of Nm into the CSF and can contribute to the inflammatory response during infectious diseases of the brain. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in mediating signal transduction caused by the pathogens. METHODS Using a recently established in vitro model of the human BCSFB based on human malignant CP papilloma (HIBCPP) cells we investigated the cellular response of HIBCPP cells challenged with the meningitis-causing Nm strain, MC58, employing transcriptome and RT-PCR analysis, cytokine bead array, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In comparison, we analyzed the answer to the closely related unencapsulated carrier isolate Nm α14. The presence of TLRs in HIBCPP and their role during signal transduction caused by Nm was studied by RT-PCR and the use of specific agonists and mutant bacteria. RESULTS We observed a stronger transcriptional response after infection with strain MC58, in particular with its capsule-deficient mutant MC58siaD-, which correlated with bacterial invasion levels. Expression evaluation and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis pointed to a NFκB-mediated pro-inflammatory immune response involving up-regulation of the transcription factor IκBζ. Infected cells secreted significant levels of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, including, among others, IL8, CXCL1-3, and the IκBζ target gene product IL6. The expression profile of pattern recognition receptors in HIBCPP cells and the response to specific agonists indicates that TLR2/TLR6, rather than TLR4 or TLR2/TLR1, is involved in the cellular reaction following Nm infection. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that Nm can initiate a pro-inflammatory response in human CP epithelial cells probably involving TLR2/TLR6 signaling and the transcriptional regulator IκBζ.
Collapse
|