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da Cruz DG, de Magalhães RF, Padilha GA, da Silva MC, Braga CL, Silva AR, Gonçalves de Albuquerque CF, Capelozzi VL, Samary CS, Pelosi P, Rocco PRM, Silva PL. Impact of positive biphasic pressure during low and high inspiratory efforts in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced pneumonia. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246891. [PMID: 33577592 PMCID: PMC7880436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pneumonia, normal alveolar areas coexist adjacently with consolidated areas, and high inspiratory efforts may predispose to lung damage. To date, no study has evaluated different degrees of effort during Biphasic positive airway pressure (BIVENT) on lung and diaphragm damage in experimental pneumonia, though largely used in clinical setting. We aimed to evaluate lung damage, genes associated with ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and diaphragmatic injury, and blood bacteria in pressure-support ventilation (PSV), BIVENT with low and high inspiratory efforts in experimental pneumonia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-eight male Wistar rats (mean ± SD weight, 333±78g) were submitted Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced pneumonia. After 24-h, animals were ventilated for 1h in: 1) PSV; 2) BIVENT with low (BIVENTLow-Effort); and 3) BIVENT with high inspiratory effort (BIVENTHigh-Effort). BIVENT was set at Phigh to achieve VT = 6 ml/kg and Plow at 5 cmH2O (n = 7/group). High- and low-effort conditions were obtained through anaesthetic infusion modulation based on neuromuscular drive (P0.1). Lung mechanics, histological damage score, blood bacteria, and expression of genes related to VILI in lung tissue, and inflammation in diaphragm tissue. RESULTS Transpulmonary peak pressure and histological damage score were higher in BIVENTHigh-Effort compared to BIVENTLow-Effort and PSV [16.1 ± 1.9cmH2O vs 12.8 ± 1.5cmH2O and 12.5 ± 1.6cmH2O, p = 0.015, and p = 0.010; median (interquartile range) 11 (9-13) vs 7 (6-9) and 7 (6-9), p = 0.021, and p = 0.029, respectively]. BIVENTHigh-Effort increased interleukin-6 expression compared to BIVENTLow-Effort (p = 0.035) as well as expressions of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1, amphiregulin, and type III procollagen compared to PSV (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.004, respectively). Tumour necrosis factor-α expression in diaphragm tissue and blood bacteria were higher in BIVENTHigh-Effort than BIVENTLow-Effort (p = 0.002, p = 0.009, respectively). CONCLUSION BIVENT requires careful control of inspiratory effort to avoid lung and diaphragm damage, as well as blood bacteria. P0.1 might be considered a helpful parameter to optimize inspiratory effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela G. da Cruz
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raquel F. de Magalhães
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gisele A. Padilha
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana C. da Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cassia L. Braga
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana R. Silva
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Vera L. Capelozzi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cynthia S. Samary
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patricia R. M. Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro L. Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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