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Silva-Reis R, Castro-Ribeiro C, Gonçalves M, Ferreira T, Pires MJ, Iglesias-Aguirre CE, Cortés-Martín A, Selma MV, Espín JC, Nascimento-Gonçalves E, Moreira-Pais A, Neuparth MJ, Peixoto F, Rosa E, Gama A, Ferreira R, Oliveira PA, Faustino-Rocha AI. An Integrative Approach to Characterize the Early Phases of Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis in the Rat. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020409. [PMID: 35203618 PMCID: PMC8962270 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize an animal model of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the early stages of disease development. Twenty-nine male Wistar rats were divided into two control groups (CTRL1 and CTRL2), receiving EDTA–saline injections and two induced groups (CRC1 and CRC2), receiving 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) injections for seven consecutive weeks. CRC1 and CTRL1 were euthanized at the 11th week, while CRC2 and CTRL2 were euthanized at the 17th week. DMH treatment decreased microhematocrit values and IL-6, ghrelin, and myostatin serum levels. Histopathological analysis of intestinal sections showed that DMH-treated rats were characterized by moderate to severe epithelial dysplasia. An adenoma was observed in one animal (CRC2 group), and the presence of inflammatory infiltrate at the intestinal level was primarily observed in DMH-treated animals. DMH also induced Ki-67 immunoexpression. The gut microbiota analysis showed a higher abundance of Firmicutes, Clostridia, Clostridiales, Peptostreptococcaceae, Blautia, Romboutsia, and Clostridium sensu stricto in CRC than CTRL rats, whereas Prevotellaceae, Prevotella, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus levels were more prevalent in CTRL animals. Our results suggest that this model could be helpful to investigate chemoprevention in the early stages of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Silva-Reis
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.S.-R.); (C.C.-R.); (M.G.); (T.F.); (M.J.P.); (E.N.-G.); (E.R.); (P.A.O.)
| | - Catarina Castro-Ribeiro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.S.-R.); (C.C.-R.); (M.G.); (T.F.); (M.J.P.); (E.N.-G.); (E.R.); (P.A.O.)
| | - Mariana Gonçalves
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.S.-R.); (C.C.-R.); (M.G.); (T.F.); (M.J.P.); (E.N.-G.); (E.R.); (P.A.O.)
| | - Tiago Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.S.-R.); (C.C.-R.); (M.G.); (T.F.); (M.J.P.); (E.N.-G.); (E.R.); (P.A.O.)
| | - Maria João Pires
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.S.-R.); (C.C.-R.); (M.G.); (T.F.); (M.J.P.); (E.N.-G.); (E.R.); (P.A.O.)
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Carlos E. Iglesias-Aguirre
- Laboratory Food & Health, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.E.I.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (M.V.S.); (J.C.E.)
| | - Adrián Cortés-Martín
- Laboratory Food & Health, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.E.I.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (M.V.S.); (J.C.E.)
| | - María V. Selma
- Laboratory Food & Health, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.E.I.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (M.V.S.); (J.C.E.)
| | - Juan Carlos Espín
- Laboratory Food & Health, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.E.I.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (M.V.S.); (J.C.E.)
| | - Elisabete Nascimento-Gonçalves
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.S.-R.); (C.C.-R.); (M.G.); (T.F.); (M.J.P.); (E.N.-G.); (E.R.); (P.A.O.)
| | - Alexandra Moreira-Pais
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.M.-P.); (R.F.)
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Maria J. Neuparth
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Francisco Peixoto
- Chemistry Research Center, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.S.-R.); (C.C.-R.); (M.G.); (T.F.); (M.J.P.); (E.N.-G.); (E.R.); (P.A.O.)
| | - Adelina Gama
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science—AL4AnimalS, Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.M.-P.); (R.F.)
| | - Paula A. Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.S.-R.); (C.C.-R.); (M.G.); (T.F.); (M.J.P.); (E.N.-G.); (E.R.); (P.A.O.)
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Ana I. Faustino-Rocha
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.S.-R.); (C.C.-R.); (M.G.); (T.F.); (M.J.P.); (E.N.-G.); (E.R.); (P.A.O.)
- Department of Zootechnics, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Center, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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