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Kopp BT, Thompson R, Kim J, Konstan R, Diaz A, Smith B, Shrestha C, Rogers LK, Hayes D, Tumin D, Woodley FW, Ramilo O, Sanders DB, Groner JA, Mejias A. Secondhand smoke alters arachidonic acid metabolism and inflammation in infants and children with cystic fibrosis. Thorax 2019; 74:237-246. [PMID: 30661024 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-211845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanisms that facilitate early infection and inflammation in cystic fibrosis (CF) are unclear. We previously demonstrated that children with CF and parental-reported secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) have increased susceptibility to bacterial infections. SHSe hinders arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites that mediate immune function in patients without CF, and may influence CF immune dysfunction. We aimed to define SHSe's impact on inflammation mediators and infection in children with CF. METHODS Seventy-seven children with CF <10 years of age (35 infants <1 year; 42 children 1-10 years) were enrolled and hair nicotine concentrations measured as an objective surrogate of SHSe. AA signalling by serum and macrophage lipidomics, inflammation using blood transcriptional profiles and in vitro macrophage responses to bacterial infection after SHSe were assessed. RESULTS Hair nicotine concentrations were elevated in 63% of patients. Of the AA metabolites measured by plasma lipidomics, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) concentrations were decreased in children with CF exposed to SHSe, and associated with more frequent hospitalisations (p=0.007) and worsened weight z scores (p=0.008). Children with CF exposed to SHSe demonstrated decreased expression of the prostaglandin genes PTGES3 and PTGR2 and overexpression of inflammatory pathways. These findings were confirmed using an in vitro model, where SHSe was associated with a dose-dependent decrease in PGD2 and increased methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus survival in human CF macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Infants and young children with CF and SHSe have altered AA metabolism and dysregulated inflammatory gene expression resulting in impaired bacterial clearance. Our findings identified potential therapeutic targets to halt early disease progression associated with SHSe in the young population with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Kopp
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rohan Thompson
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeeho Kim
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert Konstan
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Alejandro Diaz
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Bennett Smith
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Chandra Shrestha
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lynette K Rogers
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Don Hayes
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dmitry Tumin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Frederick W Woodley
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Octavio Ramilo
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Don B Sanders
- Riley Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Judith A Groner
- Section of Ambulatory Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Asuncion Mejias
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Krause K, Kopp BT, Tazi MF, Caution K, Hamilton K, Badr A, Shrestha C, Tumin D, Hayes D, Robledo-Avila F, Hall-Stoodley L, Klamer BG, Zhang X, Partida-Sanchez S, Parinandi NL, Kirkby SE, Dakhlallah D, McCoy KS, Cormet-Boyaka E, Amer AO. The expression of Mirc1/Mir17-92 cluster in sputum samples correlates with pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis patients. J Cyst Fibros 2017; 17:454-461. [PMID: 29241629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multi-organ disorder characterized by chronic sino-pulmonary infections and inflammation. Many patients with CF suffer from repeated pulmonary exacerbations that are predictors of worsened long-term morbidity and mortality. There are no reliable markers that associate with the onset or progression of an exacerbation or pulmonary deterioration. Previously, we found that the Mirc1/Mir17-92a cluster which is comprised of 6 microRNAs (Mirs) is highly expressed in CF mice and negatively regulates autophagy which in turn improves CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function. Therefore, here we sought to examine the expression of individual Mirs within the Mirc1/Mir17-92 cluster in human cells and biological fluids and determine their role as biomarkers of pulmonary exacerbations and response to treatment. METHODS Mirc1/Mir17-92 cluster expression was measured in human CF and non-CF plasma, blood-derived neutrophils, and sputum samples. Values were correlated with pulmonary function, exacerbations and use of CFTR modulators. RESULTS Mirc1/Mir17-92 cluster expression was not significantly elevated in CF neutrophils nor plasma when compared to the non-CF cohort. Cluster expression in CF sputum was significantly higher than its expression in plasma. Elevated CF sputum Mirc1/Mir17-92 cluster expression positively correlated with pulmonary exacerbations and negatively correlated with lung function. Patients with CF undergoing treatment with the CFTR modulator Ivacaftor/Lumacaftor did not demonstrate significant change in the expression Mirc1/Mir17-92 cluster after six months of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Mirc1/Mir17-92 cluster expression is a promising biomarker of respiratory status in patients with CF including pulmonary exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Krause
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Columbus, OH, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin T Kopp
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA; Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mia F Tazi
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kyle Caution
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Columbus, OH, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kaitlin Hamilton
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Columbus, OH, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Asmaa Badr
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Columbus, OH, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chandra Shrestha
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA; Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dmitry Tumin
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Don Hayes
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA; Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Frank Robledo-Avila
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA; Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Luanne Hall-Stoodley
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brett G Klamer
- Center for Biostatistics, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Santiago Partida-Sanchez
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA; Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Narasimham L Parinandi
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephen E Kirkby
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA; Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Duaa Dakhlallah
- Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology Department, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Karen S McCoy
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA; Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Estelle Cormet-Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Columbus, OH, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amal O Amer
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Columbus, OH, USA; Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Zhang H, Lu H, Shrestha C, Feng Y, Li Y, Peng J, Li Y, Xie Z. In serum, higher parathyroid hormone but not lower vitamin D is associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:e259-63. [PMID: 26300676 DOI: 10.3747/co.22.2259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D and calcium are known to regulate differentiation and proliferation of keratinocytes; they might potentially have a role in suppressing carcinogenesis in squamous epithelium. Serum parathyroid hormone (pth) is a sensitive indicator of calcium and vitamin D deficiency, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is an established marker of vitamin D status. METHODS To determine whether levels of 25(OH)D, calcium, or pth in serum are associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc), we examined those parameters in serum collected from 70 patients with oscc and from an equal number of matched control subjects. RESULTS The results showed that intact pth was significantly higher in serum from oscc patients than in serum from control subjects. However, we observed no significant differences in 25(OH)D or calcium in serum from oscc patients and from control subjects. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that higher serum pth, but not lower serum vitamin D or calcium, is associated with oscc.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PRC
| | - H Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PRC
| | - C Shrestha
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PRC
| | - Y Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PRC
| | - Y Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PRC
| | - J Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PRC
| | - Y Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiangtan, Xiangtan, PRC
| | - Z Xie
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PRC
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Barry J, Xu M, Gu Y, Dangel AW, Jukkola P, Shrestha C, Gu C. Activation of conventional kinesin motors in clusters by Shaw voltage-gated K+ channels. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:2027-41. [PMID: 23487040 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.122234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The conventional kinesin motor transports many different cargos to specific locations in neurons. How cargos regulate motor function remains unclear. Here we focus on KIF5, the heavy chain of conventional kinesin, and report that the Kv3 (Shaw) voltage-gated K(+) channel, the only known tetrameric KIF5-binding protein, clusters and activates KIF5 motors during axonal transport. Endogenous KIF5 often forms clusters along axons, suggesting a potential role of KIF5-binding proteins. Our biochemical assays reveal that the high-affinity multimeric binding between the Kv3.1 T1 domain and KIF5B requires three basic residues in the KIF5B tail. Kv3.1 T1 competes with the motor domain and microtubules, but not with kinesin light chain 1 (KLC1), for binding to the KIF5B tail. Live-cell imaging assays show that four KIF5-binding proteins, Kv3.1, KLC1 and two synaptic proteins SNAP25 and VAMP2, differ in how they regulate KIF5B distribution. Only Kv3.1 markedly increases the frequency and number of KIF5B-YFP anterograde puncta. Deletion of Kv3.1 channels reduces KIF5 clusters in mouse cerebellar neurons. Therefore, clustering and activation of KIF5 motors by Kv3 regulate the motor number in carrier vesicles containing the channel proteins, contributing not only to the specificity of Kv3 channel transport, but also to the cargo-mediated regulation of motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Barry
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Effective for 1997, health reform legislation in New York resulted in a change in hospital reimbursement for victims of motor vehicle crashes. We evaluated the impact of this change from no-fault to Medicaid rates on the financial viability of a regional trauma center within an academic medical center. METHODS This study represents a retrospective review of the trauma registry for all motor vehicle-related injuries (meeting the statewide definition of trauma) admitted to a regional trauma center for a 9-month period just before the legislation implementation date. Charges, costs, and projected reimbursement were calculated by standard hospital accounting methods. Profit or loss (reimbursement minus costs) was calculated by standard hospital accounting methods for each admission using no-fault and Medicaid reimbursement rates. RESULTS One hundred seventy-three cases during the 9-month period generated total charges of $4,112,174, total costs of $3,447,110, and estimated total profit of $800,084 ($4,625 per case) using no-fault reimbursement and a total loss of $184,154 ($1,064 per case) using Medicaid reimbursement. For the 31 patients with diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) that were specifically created in New York to ensure adequate reimbursement for multiple significant trauma (730 through 734 and 792 through 794), no-fault reimbursement resulted in an average profit of $371 per case and Medicaid generated a loss of $6,118 per case. Actual payments for the study population were almost $500,000 less than estimated. CONCLUSION Changes in rates of no-fault insurance payments to hospitals will result in inadequate reimbursement for motor vehicle crash victims admitted to a regional trauma center, undermining the viability of the regional trauma system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Henry
- Departments of Emergency Medicine and Finance, University Medical Center, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-7400, USA.
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