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Aristophanous M, Hsu DG, Imber BS, Gui C, Daly J, Jancasz J, Huang C, Ballangrud A, Kuo L, Della Biancia C, Moran JM. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Prior to the Introduction of AI Generated GTVs for Brain Metastases in the Clinical Workflow. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S88. [PMID: 37784595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) AI autosegmentation of organs-at-risk (OARs) is common practice at many radiotherapy clinics. Despite the abundance of gross tumor volume (GTV) autosegmentation algorithms, adoption in clinical care has been slow due to the high risk associated with errors in GTV delineation. Here we present a failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) to evaluate the risk associated with introducing AI derived GTVs in patients treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). MATERIALS/METHODS An AI GTV autosegmentation algorithm for brain metastases was developed in-house based on a V-Net 3D CNN. Registered CT and MR images and a contour of the brain are input into the software and all identified lesions are returned in a DICOM-RT structure set. Following algorithm evaluation, a workflow was developed to enable AI GTV autosegmentation to be introduced clinically for every SRS patient. The following steps were added to existing procedures: 1) workflow to send CT/MR and brain structure to external server, 2) autosegmentation run on the server, 3) AI GTV structures with a standard nomenclature added to existing OAR structure set, and 4) MD review, editing, and approval of AI GTVs. After successfully completing the physics evaluation testing of the new process, we formed a team of 10 faculty and staff including physicists, residents, physicians, and planners to perform the FMEA prior to clinical implementation. The team met to map the process, identify potential failure modes, and score their frequency of occurrence, severity, and detectability. A 3-point scale (1, 3, or 5) was used to simplify the scoring process. Occurrence was defined as rare, sometimes, or often; severity as low, medium, or high; and detectability as obvious, possible, or challenging. The risk probability numbers (RPNs) were calculated and the steps in the process with the highest RPNs were flagged for further discussion. RESULTS The FMEA team completed their process map and analysis primarily in 4 meetings. The process map began with acquisition of the patients CT simulation scan and ended with physician approval of final volumes for treatment planning. We identified 17 process steps and 72 possible failure modes, of which 26 were associated with the new workflow. Eighteen failure modes had an RPN greater than 30 (highest risk score in at least one category) and were flagged to assess mitigation strategies. Five were unique to the new AI GTV workflow and mitigation strategies will be designed prior to clinical use. Those involved risks related to inaccurate AI GTV contours, false positives, and an incomplete review stemming from over-reliance by team members on AI. CONCLUSION AI is increasingly being employed at every step of radiotherapy to automate and streamline processes. The FMEA analysis resulted in the identification of the riskiest parts of using AI GTV autosegmentation. This can be an effective tool in the development of checks to ensure that GTV autosegmentation methods can be safely introduced in support of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aristophanous
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - D G Hsu
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - B S Imber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - C Gui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - J Daly
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - J Jancasz
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - C Huang
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A Ballangrud
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - L Kuo
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - C Della Biancia
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - J M Moran
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Collins KH, Gui C, Ely EV, Lenz KL, Harris CA, Guilak F, Meyer GA. Leptin mediates the regulation of muscle mass and strength by adipose tissue. J Physiol 2022; 600:3795-3817. [PMID: 35844058 PMCID: PMC9378542 DOI: 10.1113/jp283034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue secretes numerous cytokines (termed 'adipokines') that have known or hypothesized actions on skeletal muscle. The majority of adipokines have been implicated in the pathological link between excess adipose and muscle insulin resistance, but approximately half also have documented in vitro effects on myogenesis and/or hypertrophy. This complexity suggests a potential dual role for adipokines in the regulation of muscle mass in homeostasis and the development of pathology. In this study, we used lipodystrophic 'fat-free' mice to demonstrate that adipose tissue is indeed necessary for the development of normal muscle mass and strength. Fat-free mice had significantly reduced mass (∼15%) and peak contractile tension (∼20%) of fast-twitch muscles, a slowing of contractile dynamics and decreased cross-sectional area of fast twitch fibres compared to wild-type littermates. These deficits in mass and contractile tension were fully rescued by reconstitution of ∼10% of normal adipose mass, indicating that this phenotype is the direct consequence of absent adipose. We then showed that the rescue is solely mediated by the adipokine leptin, as similar reconstitution of adipose from leptin-knockout mice fails to rescue mass or strength. Together, these data indicate that the development of muscle mass and strength in wild-type mice is dependent on adipose-secreted leptin. This finding extends our current understanding of the multiple roles of adipokines in physiology as well as disease pathophysiology to include a critical role for the adipokine leptin in muscle homeostasis. KEY POINTS: Adipose-derived cytokines (adipokines) have long been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obesity but likely have other under-appreciated roles in muscle physiology. Here we use a fat-free mouse to show that adipose tissue is necessary for the normal development of muscle mass and strength. Through add-back of genetically modified adipose tissue we show that leptin is the key adipokine mediating this regulation. This expands our understanding of leptin's role in adipose-muscle signalling to include development and homeostasis and adds the surprising finding that leptin is the sole mediator of the maintenance of muscle mass and strength by adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey H. Collins
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSt LouisMOUSA,Center of Regenerative MedicineWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA
| | - Chang Gui
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Program in Physical TherapyWashington UniversitySt LouisMOUSA
| | - Erica V. Ely
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSt LouisMOUSA,Center of Regenerative MedicineWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA
| | - Kristin L. Lenz
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSt LouisMOUSA,Center of Regenerative MedicineWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA
| | - Charles A. Harris
- Division of EndocrinologyMetabolism & Lipid ResearchWashington UniversitySt LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Shriners Hospitals for ChildrenSt LouisMOUSA,Center of Regenerative MedicineWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA
| | - Gretchen A. Meyer
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Center of Regenerative MedicineWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisMOUSA,Program in Physical TherapyWashington UniversitySt LouisMOUSA,Department of NeurologyWashington University in St. LouisSt LouisMOUSA
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Zhang Y, Zou W, Zhu X, Jiang L, Gui C, Fan Q, Tu Y, Chen J. UPDATED UNDERSTANDING OF THE MOLECULAR TARGETS OF RADIOIODINE IN DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CANCER. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2022; 18:86-92. [PMID: 35975265 PMCID: PMC9365402 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2022.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is a mainstay adjuvant treatment for thyroid cancer. Administration of RAI therapy after total or near-total thyroidectomy has shown a survival advantage in numerous properly selected patients. However, the role of RAI therapy after reoperation for persistent or recurrent differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) is unclear. One reason may be the possible downregulation of the I- transport system after primary surgery. RAI is transported by the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), PENDRIN, anoctamin 1 (ANO1) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and emits β particles that destroy follicular cells. The identification of pathways of iodide (I-) transport has allowed use of the transport system to render tumours susceptible to RAI treatment via gene therapy. This review focuses on the effect of RAI therapy in follicular cell-derived thyroid cancers and offers potential novel targets that enable improved radioiodine uptake and thus an improved prognosis of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Zhang
- Hubei Cancer Hospital - Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - W. Zou
- First People’s Hospital of Yichang - Department of General Surgery II, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - X. Zhu
- Hubei Cancer Hospital - Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - L. Jiang
- Hubei Cancer Hospital - Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - C. Gui
- Hubei Cancer Hospital - Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - Q. Fan
- Hubei Cancer Hospital - Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - Y. Tu
- Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital - Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - J. Chen
- Hubei Cancer Hospital - Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
Since the first isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from lipoaspirate in the early 2000s, adipose tissue has been a darling of regenerative medicine. It is abundant, easy to access, and contains high concentrations of stem cells (ADSCs) exhibiting multipotency, proregenerative paracrine signaling, and immunomodulation—a winning combination for stem cell-based therapeutics. While basic science, preclinical and clinical findings back up the translational potential of ADSCs, the vast majority of these used cells from a single location—subcutaneous abdominal fat. New data highlight incredible diversity in the adipose morphology and function in different anatomical locations or depots. Even in isolation, ADSCs retain a memory of this diversity, suggesting that the optimal adipose source material for ADSC isolation may be application specific. This review discusses our current understanding of the heterogeneity in the adipose organ, how that heterogeneity translates into depot-specific ADSC characteristics, and how atypical ADSC populations might be harnessed for regenerative medicine applications. While our understanding of the breadth of ADSC heterogeneity is still in its infancy, clear trends are emerging for application-specific sourcing to improve regenerative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Jacob Parson
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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5
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Berke IM, McGrath TM, Stivers JJ, Gui C, Barcellona MN, Gayoso MG, Tang SY, Cao YQ, Gupta MC, Setton LA. Electric Field Stimulation for the Functional Assessment of Isolated Dorsal Root Ganglion Neuron Excitability. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:1110-1118. [PMID: 33479787 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02725-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Genetically encoded calcium indicators have proven useful for characterizing dorsal root ganglion neuron excitability in vivo. Challenges persist in achieving high spatial-temporal resolutions in vivo, however, due to deep tissue imaging and motion artifacts that may be limiting technical factors in obtaining measurements. Here we report an ex vivo imaging method, using a peripheral neuron-specific Advillin-GCaMP mouse line and electric field stimulation of dorsal root ganglion tissues, to assess the sensitivity of neurons en bloc. The described method rapidly characterizes Ca2+ activity in hundreds of dorsal root ganglion neurons (221 ± 64 per dorsal root ganglion) with minimal perturbation to the in situ soma environment. We further validate the method for use as a drug screening platform with the voltage-gated sodium channel inhibitor, tetrodotoxin. Drug treatment led to decreased evoked Ca2+ activity; half-maximal response voltage (EV50) increased from 13.4 V in untreated tissues to 21.2, 23.3, 51.5 (p < 0.05), and 60.6 V (p < 0.05) at 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 µM doses, respectively. This technique may help improve an understanding of neural signaling while retaining tissue structural organization and serves as a tool for the rapid ex vivo recording and assessment of neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Berke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Tom M McGrath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - J Jordan Stivers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Chang Gui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Marcos N Barcellona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Matthew G Gayoso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Simon Y Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Yu-Qing Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Munish C Gupta
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Lori A Setton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1097, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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Redmond K, Grimm J, Robinson C, Gondi V, Gui C, Kundapur V, Whitton A, DeNittis A, Dominello M, Nguyen T, Shi W, Wendland M, Shah S, Pugh S, Mehta M, Kachnic L. Steep Dose-response Relationship between Maximum Hippocampal Dose and Memory Deficits following Hippocampal Avoidance Whole Brain Radiation Therapy (HA-WBRT) for Brain Metastases: A Secondary Analysis of NRG/RTOG 0933. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Dai H, Chen R, Gui C, Tao T, Ge Y, Zhao X, Qin R, Yao W, Gu S, Jiang Y, Gui J. Eliminating senescent chondrogenic progenitor cells enhances chondrogenesis under intermittent hydrostatic pressure for the treatment of OA. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:199. [PMID: 32450920 PMCID: PMC7249424 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01708-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of limb dysfunction, and distraction arthroplasty which generates intermittent hydrostatic pressure (IHP) is an effective approach for OA treatment. However, the result was not always satisfactory and the reasons remained unresolved. Because aging is recognized as an important risk factor for OA and chondrogenic progenitor cells (CPCs) could acquire senescent phenotype, we made a hypothesis that CPCs senescence could have harmful effect on chondrogenesis and the outcome of distraction arthroplasty could be improved by eliminating senescent CPCs pharmacologically. Methods The role of senescent CPCs on distraction arthroplasty was first determined by comparing the cartilage samples from the failure and non-failure patients. Next, the biological behaviors of senescent CPCs were observed in the in vitro cell culture and IHP model. Finally, the beneficial effect of senescent CPCs clearance by senolytic dasatinib and quercetin (DQ) on cartilage regeneration was observed in the in vitro and in vivo IHP model. Results Larger quantities of senescent CPCs along with increased IL-1 β secretion were demonstrated in the failure patients of distraction arthroplasty. Senescent CPCs revealed impaired proliferation and chondrogenic capability and also had increased IL-1 β synthesis, typical of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). CPCs senescence and SASP formation were mutually dependent in vitro. Greater amounts of senescent CPCs were negatively correlated with IHP-induced chondrogenesis. In contrast, chondrogenesis could be significantly improved by DQ pretreatment which selectively induced senescent CPCs into apoptosis in the in vitro and in vivo IHP model. Mechanistically, senescent CPCs elimination could decrease SASP formation and therefore promote the proliferation and chondrogenic regeneration capacity of the surrounding survived CPCs under IHP stimulation. Conclusions Eliminating senescent CPCs by senolytics could decrease SASP formation and improve the result of joint distraction arthroplasty effectively. Our study provided a novel CPCs senescence-based therapeutic target for improving the outcome of OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanhao Dai
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang Gui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tianqi Tao
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingbin Ge
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xilian Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Qin
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wangxiang Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Song Gu
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiqiu Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianchao Gui
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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8
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Gu S, Dai H, Zhao X, Gui C, Gui J. AKT3 deficiency in M2 macrophages impairs cutaneous wound healing by disrupting tissue remodeling. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6928-6946. [PMID: 32291381 PMCID: PMC7202485 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AKT signaling and M2 macrophage-guided tissue repair are key factors in cutaneous wound healing. A delay in this process threatens human health worldwide. However, the role of AKT3 in delayed cutaneous wound healing is largely unknown. In this study, histological staining and transcriptomics demonstrated that prolonged tissue remodeling delayed wound healing. This delay was accompanied by defects in AKT3, collagen alpha-1(I) chain (COL1A1), and collagen alpha-1(XI) chain (COL11A1) expression and AKT signaling. The defect in AKT3 expression was M2 macrophage-specific, and decreased AKT3 protein levels were observed in CD68/CD206-positive macrophages from delayed wound tissue. Downregulation of AKT3 in M2 macrophages did not influence cell polarization but impaired collagen organization by inhibiting COL1A1 and COL11A1 expression in human skin fibroblasts (HSFs). Moreover, a co-culture model revealed that the downregulation of AKT3 in the human monocytic cell line (THP-1)-derived M2 macrophages impaired HSF proliferation and migration. Finally, cutaneous wound healing in AKT3-/- mice was much slower than that of AKT3+/+ mice, and F4/80 macrophages from the AKT3-/- mice had an impaired ability to promote wound healing. Thus, the downregulation of AKT3 in M2 macrophages prolonged tissue remodeling and delayed cutaneous wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gu
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hanhao Dai
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xilian Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Chang Gui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jianchao Gui
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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Deek M, Cecil E, Sloan L, Cheng Z, Han P, Sheikh K, Gui C, Guo Y, Lakshminarayanan P, Fakhry C, Koch W, Gourin C, Tan M, Mydlarz W, Schmitt N, McNutt T, Page B, Kiess A, Richmon J, Quon H. Definitive Management of Early Stage Oropharyngeal Carcinoma: A Comparison of Long Term Outcomes Following Transoral Surgery or Definitive Chemoradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Gui C, Chintalapati N, Hales R, Voong K, Sair H, Grimm J, Duhon M, Kleinberg L, Vannorsdall T, Redmond K. Reduction in Whole Brain Volume is Associated with Decline in Verbal Memory Following Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation for Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kessel K, Lo S, Soliman H, Sahgal A, Theriault A, Pinkham M, Foote M, Song A, Shi W, Redmond K, Gui C, Kumar A, Machtay M, Combs S. Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy to the Resection Cavity in Patients with Brain Metastases: An International Multi-Institutional Analysis of Prognostic Factors and Outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Redmond K, Sciubba D, Leaf B, Khan M, Kleinberg L, Grimm J, Gui C, Gokaslan Z, Ye X, Lim M. A Phase II Study of Post-Operative Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) for Solid Tumor Spine Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Peng L, Chen L, Han P, Baker B, Shen C, Gui C, Sheikh K, Ames H, Kirschbaum T, Silvestri F, Son J, Robinson A, Huang E, Grimm J, Redmond K, Lim M, Lee J, Kleinberg L. Concurrent Immunotherapy Usage and Asymmetric Growth May Distinguish True Progression from Treatment Effect in Growing Brain Metastases after Stereotactic Radiosurgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Megyesi
- University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - C Gui
- University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - S Kosteniuk
- University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - J Lau
- University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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Tao T, Li Y, Gui C, Ma Y, Ge Y, Dai H, Zhang K, Du J, Guo Y, Jiang Y, Gui J. Fibronectin Enhances Cartilage Repair by Activating Progenitor Cells Through Integrin α5β1 Receptor. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1112-1124. [PMID: 29343182 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of fibronectin (FN) on cartilage regeneration through the activation of chondrogenic progenitor cells (CPCs). Cells were isolated from the knee cartilage of mice and cultured in the presence of various concentrations of FN. Proliferation, migration, and chondrogenic differentiation assays were performed in vitro. In some experiments, CPCs were preincubated with anti-integrin α5β1 antibody for 60 min before FN treatment to block the integrin α5β1 receptor. Soluble FN was mixed with Pluronic F-127 and injected into the joint cavity in an early-stage osteoarthritis model. Cartilage repair was evaluated histologically, biochemically, and biomechanically. In vitro, we observed that the isolated CPCs, which exhibited stem cell-relevant markers, proliferated most at a concentration of 20 μg/mL FN (p < 0.05). In addition, FN enhanced the proliferation, migration, and chondrogenic differentiation capacity of CPCs, and the enhancement was significantly decreased by blockade of the integrin α5β1 receptor (p < 0.05). In vivo, FN also significantly promoted cartilage repair along with increased CPC activation and integrin α5β1 expression (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that FN enhances CPC proliferation, migration, and chondrogenic differentiation through the integrin α5β1-dependent signaling pathway. Based on these results, a novel and promising therapy focused on targeted activation of CPCs by FN could be developed for the treatment of cartilage injuries in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Tao
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Li
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Chang Gui
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York
| | - Yong Ma
- 4 Department of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, China
| | - Yingbin Ge
- 5 Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Hanhao Dai
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Kaibin Zhang
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Du
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Guo
- 4 Department of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, China
| | - Yiqiu Jiang
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China .,4 Department of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, China
| | - Jianchao Gui
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, China
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Hazell S, Alcorn S, Asiedu K, Gui C, Pulido G, Frassica D, Meyer C, Levin A, Morris C, Terezakis S. Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Compared to Neoadjuvant Radiation Alone in the Management of High-Grade Soft Tissue Extremity Sarcomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Gui C, Grimm J, Moore J, Kleinberg L, McNutt T, Shen C, Chen L, Bettegowda C, Lim M, Redmond K. Local Recurrence Patterns Following Postoperative Stereotactic Radiosurgery to Resected Brain Metastases: A Quantitative Analysis to Guide Target Delineation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Zou KN, Gui C, Gao Y, Yang F, Zhou HG. Source Identification of Human Biological Materials and Its Prospect in Forensic Science. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 32:204-210. [PMID: 29171741 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Source identification of human biological materials in crime scene plays an important role in reconstructing the crime process. Searching specific genetic markers to identify the source of different human biological materials is the emphasis and difficulty of the research work of legal medical experts in recent years. This paper reviews the genetic markers which are used for identifying the source of human biological materials and studied widely, such as DNA methylation, mRNA, microRNA, microflora and protein, etc. By comparing the principles and methods of source identification of human biological materials using different kinds of genetic markers, different source of human biological material owns suitable marker types and can be identified by detecting single genetic marker or combined multiple genetic markers. Though there is no uniform standard and method for identifying the source of human biological materials in forensic laboratories at present, the research and development of a series of mature and reliable methods for distinguishing different human biological materials play the role as forensic evidence which will be the future development direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Zou
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Evidence and Science Technology, Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - C Gui
- Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, Changning Branch of Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Y Gao
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Evidence and Science Technology, Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - F Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Evidence and Science Technology, Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - H G Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Evidence and Science Technology, Ministry of Public Security, Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200083, China
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Chen TL, Wang JA, Shi H, Gui C, Luo RH, Xie XJ, Xiang MX, Zhang X, Cao J. Cyclosporin A pre-incubation attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in mesenchymal stem cells. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2009; 68:585-93. [PMID: 19378430 DOI: 10.1080/00365510801918761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being tested for cardiac repair, the majority of transplanted cells undergo apoptosis in the ischaemic heart because of the effects of ischaemia/reperfusion, poor blood supply and other pro-apoptotic factors. Several experimental and clinical studies have suggested that cyclosporin A (CsA) treatment reduces apoptosis in human endothelial cells and neurocytes. However, the effect of CsA on the apoptosis in MSCs is still unclear. In this study, we investigated whether CsA could inhibit hypoxia/ reoxygenation (H/R)-induced apoptosis in MSCs. MSCs pre-incubated with or without CsA were subjected to 6 h of hypoxia followed by 12 h of reoxygenation. Our data showed that pre-incubation with 0.5-5 microM CsA dose-dependently protected the MSCs from H/R injury, as evidenced by decreased apoptosis and increased cell viability. CsA inhibited the H/R-induced translocation of cytochrome c, increased bcl-2 expression and restored mitochondrial membrane potential. CsA also increased the expression of p-BAD. We propose that preincubation MSCs with CsA inhibits MSC apoptosis through the mitochondrial and BAD pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Chen
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract
1. The organic anion transporting polypeptides (humans OATP; other species Oatp) belong to the SLCO gene superfamily of transporters and are twelve transmembrane domain glycoproteins expressed in various epithelial cells. Some OATPs/Oatps are expressed in a single organ, while others are expressed ubiquitously. 2. The functionally characterized members mediate sodium-independent transport of a variety of structurally independent, mainly amphipathic organic compounds, including bile salts, hormones and their conjugates, toxins, and various drugs. 3. This review summarizes the general features and the substrates of the eleven human OATPs. Furthermore, it reviews what is known about the mechanism of their multispecificity, their predicted structure, their role in drug-food interactions, and their role in cancer. 4. Finally, some open questions are raised that need to be addressed to advance OATP research in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hagenbuch
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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Veldhuis GJ, Gui C, Nauta T, Koster TM, Berenschot JW, Lambeck PV, Gardeniers JG, Elwenspoek M. Mechano-optical waveguide on-off intensity modulator. Opt Lett 1998; 23:1532-1534. [PMID: 18091837 DOI: 10.1364/ol.23.001532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
High-extinction on-off modulators are essential for channel selection in integrated-optical sensor arrays. We report a standard SiON-technology-based electrostatically driven integrated mechano-optical waveguide on-off intensity modulator. On-off modulation is achieved by movement of an absorbing element into and out of the evanescent field of the guided mode. An extinction ratio of >37 dB at an actuation voltage of <30 V was achieved in a 6 mm x 4 mm device for a wavelength of 632.8 nm. Full wafer-scale fabrication is made possible by use of chemical mechanical polishing and aligned wafer bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Veldhuis
- MESA Research Institute, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, NL-7500-AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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Gui C, Song G, Li K. [Expression of HPV16E6 gene and preparation of monoclonal antibody against the expression product]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 1994; 16:290-5. [PMID: 7867098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The recombinant plasmid PAS1-HPV16E6 containing the HPV16E6 gene was expressed in E. coli AR120 under nalidixic acid induction. A 19KD expression protein was isolated, purified and identified. Mice were immunized with the purified E6 expression protein. A murine hybridoma, RAC6, was obtained by fusing splenic cells from an immunized BABL/c mouse with mouse myeloma cell line SP2/0-Ag14 cells, followed by screening in HAT medium, cloning and recloning in methyl cellulose. The hybridoma RAC6 stably produces specific monoclonal antibody against the E6 expression protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gui
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing
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Iwaoka T, Umeda T, Inoue J, Naomi S, Sasaki M, Fujimoto Y, Gui C, Ideguchi Y, Sato T. Dietary NaCl restriction deteriorates oral glucose tolerance in hypertensive patients with impairment of glucose tolerance. Am J Hypertens 1994; 7:460-3. [PMID: 8060581 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/7.5.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether the change of glycemic response to oral glucose loading with an increase of dietary NaCl intake is different between salt-sensitive and salt-resistant groups, or whether it is related to glucose tolerance on a low NaCl diet independent of salt sensitivity. The plasma glucose and insulin response to 75 g oral glucose intake was assessed on low (34 mmol/day) and high (342 mmol/day) NaCl diets in 31 patients with essential hypertension, and the area under the curve for both variables (AUCglu and AUCins) was calculated. The data on the high NaCl diet were corrected for change in hematocrit. The percentage change in systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure between the two diets was defined as the salt sensitivity index (SSI) for systolic blood pressure (SSISBP), diastolic blood pressure (SSIDBP), and mean blood pressure (SSIMBP), respectively. The mean values of both AUCglu and AUCins decreased significantly with increase of NaCl intake; however, there was no significant correlation between SSI (SSISBP, SSIDBP, or SSIMBP) and the percentage changes in AUCglu and AUCins. Meanwhile, the percentage changes in AUCglu and AUCins significantly correlated with the respective values of AUCglu and AUCins on the low NaCl diet. These results suggest that extreme NaCl restriction may deteriorate glucose metabolism in hypertensive patients, especially in those with diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Iwaoka
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University Medical School, Japan
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