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Meyer WK, Jamison J, Richter R, Woods SE, Partha R, Kowalczyk A, Kronk C, Chikina M, Bonde RK, Crocker DE, Gaspard J, Lanyon JM, Marsillach J, Furlong CE, Clark NL. Ancient convergent losses of Paraoxonase 1 yield potential risks for modern marine mammals. Science 2018; 361:591-594. [PMID: 30093596 DOI: 10.1126/science.aap7714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Mammals diversified by colonizing drastically different environments, with each transition yielding numerous molecular changes, including losses of protein function. Though not initially deleterious, these losses could subsequently carry deleterious pleiotropic consequences. We have used phylogenetic methods to identify convergent functional losses across independent marine mammal lineages. In one extreme case, Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) accrued lesions in all marine lineages, while remaining intact in all terrestrial mammals. These lesions coincide with PON1 enzymatic activity loss in marine species' blood plasma. This convergent loss is likely explained by parallel shifts in marine ancestors' lipid metabolism and/or bloodstream oxidative environment affecting PON1's role in fatty acid oxidation. PON1 loss also eliminates marine mammals' main defense against neurotoxicity from specific man-made organophosphorus compounds, implying potential risks in modern environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wynn K Meyer
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jerrica Jamison
- Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca Richter
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stacy E Woods
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raghavendran Partha
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amanda Kowalczyk
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Charles Kronk
- Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maria Chikina
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert K Bonde
- Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Daniel E Crocker
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA, USA
| | | | - Janet M Lanyon
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Judit Marsillach
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Clement E Furlong
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nathan L Clark
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Pittsburgh Center for Evolutionary Biology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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