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Nygard L, Nedlund AC, Mäki Petäjä Leinonen A, Astell A, Boger J, Issakainen M, Engvall AL, Heuchemer B, Rosenberg L, Ryd C. What happens when people develop dementia whilst working? An exploratory multiple case study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2176278. [PMID: 36799733 PMCID: PMC9946300 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2176278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study is an in-depth exploration of the unfolding experiences of five persons who developed dementia while still in paid work/employment, and of their significant others. Namely, we explore how they experienced the actions and decisions taken with respect to work, and what the consequences meant to them. METHODS A qualitative longitudinal case study design with multiple cases was used, including five participants with dementia and significant others of their choice. Interviews were undertaken longitudinally and analysed with the Formal Data-Structure Analysis approach. RESULTS The joint analysis resulted in two intertwined themes: 1) The significance and consequences of a dementia diagnosis: a double-edged trigger, and 2) Sensemaking and agency. The prevalent images of what dementia is, who can/cannot get it and what it will bring, were revealed as the critical aspects. Having the opportunity to make sense of what has happened and participate in decision-making, contributed decisively to the participants' experiences. CONCLUSIONS Findings illustrate how a dementia diagnosis is alien in work-life, but once diagnosed, it may trigger self-fulfiling expectations based upon stereotypical understanding of dementia. A shift is needed from a deficit-focused perspective, to viewing people with dementia as citizens capable of agency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Nygard
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,CONTACT Louise Nygard 23200 Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge14183, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Nedlund
- Division Society and Health, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Arlene Astell
- Department of Occupational Sciences & Occupational Therapy & Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jennifer Boger
- Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Mervi Issakainen
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Business Studies, Kuopio
| | - Ann-Louise Engvall
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birgit Heuchemer
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Rosenberg
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Ryd
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
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Boger J, Marashi S, Mäki-Petäjä-Leinonen A, Issakainen M, Nedlund AC, Ryd C, Nygard L, Astell A. TRANSITIONS EXPERIENCED BY PEOPLE DIAGNOSED WITH DEMENTIA WHILE IN THE WORKFORCE. Innov Aging 2022. [PMCID: PMC9770582 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igac059.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a progressive, irreversible neurological disorder that causes changes in cognitive function and behaviour. While at least 5% of people who develop dementia every year are under the age of 65, dementia in the workplace is currently not well recognised or supported. The changes associated with dementia present multiple challenges for individuals who wish to continue with their employment. Many lose their positions before receiving a diagnosis, whilst others take sick or disability leave or early retirement. The process of understanding what is happening and coping with this new situation is highly individualistic and involves several transitions. The MCI@work project is an international initiative taking place in Canada, Finland, and Sweden where we examine these transitions through the personal narratives of individuals who have either currently or recently gone through the experience of developing dementia whilst in the workforce. From these data, we have developed a framework for understanding the transitions experienced by people who develop dementia whilst in the workforce. The aim is to assist individuals and their employers to better understand the needs of people living and working dementia as well as engage in appropriate actions that support choices and dignified transitions either within the context of employment or out of the workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Charlotta Ryd
- Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sodermanlands Lan, Sweden
| | - Louise Nygard
- Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sodermanlands Lan, Sweden
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Nygård L, Ryd C, Astell A, Nedlund AC, Boger J, Mäki Petäjä Leinonen A, Issakainen M, Larsson Lund M. Self-initiated management approaches in everyday occupations used by people with acquired cognitive impairment. Scand J Occup Ther 2021; 29:139-151. [PMID: 34410888 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2021.1925740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Striving to cope with day-to-day challenges is a basic human behaviour. Self-initiated management approaches provide a resource that has yet to be discovered and systematically used in occupational therapy practice. This resource might be especially important for people with dementia who are less likely to adopt management approaches initiated by others. AIMS/OBJECTIVES Based on the findings of former studies on management and problem-solving actions among people with cognitive impairment, this article aims to identify and categorize the study participants' self-initiated management approaches and how these may be manifested in strategies in everyday occupations. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study utilized a form of meta-synthesis; an aggregated analysis, where findings from 11 studies published 2004-2020 were compared and categorized, incorporating the views of participants with dementia/mild cognitive impairment, or acquired brain injury. RESULTS Thirty strategies were identified and grouped into seven categories of management approaches, used in a variety of everyday occupations and situations. A majority of the strategies were found in both populations, suggesting that management approaches are more similar than different across populations with cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE Attending to the rich variation of self-initiated management approaches/strategies among persons with cognitive impairment offers possibilities for developing occupational therapy interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Nygård
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Ryd
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arlene Astell
- Occupational Sciences & Occupational Therapy and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ann-Charlotte Nedlund
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Society and Health, Unit of Health care Analysis, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jennifer Boger
- Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Mervi Issakainen
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Business Studies, Department of Social Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Maria Larsson Lund
- Division of Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotta Ryd
- Registered occupational therapist/PhD, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Malinowsky
- Assistant professor, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Öhman
- Senior lecturer, Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Social and Welfare studies, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Anders Kottorp
- Professor/Dean, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Louise Nygård
- Professor, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ryd C, Nygård L, Malinowsky C, Öhman A, Kottorp A. Can the everyday technology use questionnaire predict overall functional level among older adults with mild cognitive impairment or mild-stage alzheimer's disease? - a pilot study. Scand J Caring Sci 2016; 31:201-209. [DOI: 10.1111/scs.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotta Ryd
- Division of Occupational Therapy; Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Louise Nygård
- Division of Occupational Therapy; Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Camilla Malinowsky
- Division of Occupational Therapy; Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Annika Öhman
- Division of Health Activity and Care; National Institute for the Study of Ageing and Later Life (NISAL); Department of Social and Welfare studies; Linköping University; Norrköping Sweden
| | - Anders Kottorp
- Division of Occupational Therapy; Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Occupational Therapy; Zurich University of Applied Sciences; Winterthur Switzerland
- Department of Occupational Therapy; University of Illinois at Chicago; Chicago IL USA
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Ryd C, Nygård L, Malinowsky C, Öhman A, Kottorp A. Associations between performance of activities of daily living and everyday technology use among older adults with mild stage Alzheimer’s disease or mild cognitive impairment. Scand J Occup Ther 2014; 22:33-42. [DOI: 10.3109/11038128.2014.964307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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