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Ovdiichuk O, Lahdenpohja S, Béen Q, Tanguy L, Kuhnast B, Collet-Defossez C. [ 18F]fluoride Activation and 18F-Labelling in Hydrous Conditions-Towards a Microfluidic Synthesis of PET Radiopharmaceuticals. Molecules 2023; 29:147. [PMID: 38202730 PMCID: PMC10779751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
18F-labelled radiopharmaceuticals are indispensable in positron emission tomography. The critical step in the preparation of 18F-labelled tracers is the anhydrous F-18 nucleophilic substitution reaction, which involves [18F]F- anions generated in aqueous media by the cyclotron. For this, azeotropic drying by distillation is widely used in standard synthesisers, but microfluidic systems are often not compatible with such a process. To avoid this step, several methods compatible with aqueous media have been developed. We summarised the existing approaches and two of them have been studied in detail. [18F]fluoride elution efficiencies have been investigated under different conditions showing high 18F-recovery. Finally, a large scope of precursors has been assessed for radiochemical conversion, and these hydrous labelling techniques have shown their potential for tracer production using a microfluidic approach, more particularly compatible with iMiDEV™ cassette volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Ovdiichuk
- Nancyclotep, Molecular Imaging Platform, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Salla Lahdenpohja
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA Inserm, CNRS, BioMaps, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Quentin Béen
- Nancyclotep, Molecular Imaging Platform, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | | | - Bertrand Kuhnast
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA Inserm, CNRS, BioMaps, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Charlotte Collet-Defossez
- Nancyclotep, Molecular Imaging Platform, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, 54000 Nancy, France
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Mallapura H, Ovdiichuk O, Jussing E, Thuy TA, Piatkowski C, Tanguy L, Collet-Defossez C, Långström B, Halldin C, Nag S. Microfluidic-based production of [ 68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 and [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC using the cassette-based iMiDEV™ microfluidic radiosynthesizer. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2023; 8:42. [PMID: 38091157 PMCID: PMC10719436 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-023-00229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The demand for 68Ga-labeled radiotracers has significantly increased in the past decade, driven by the development of diversified imaging tracers, such as FAPI derivatives, PSMA-11, DOTA-TOC, and DOTA-TATE. These tracers have exhibited promising results in theranostic applications, fueling interest in exploring them for clinical use. Among these probes, 68Ga-labeled FAPI-46 and DOTA-TOC have emerged as key players due to their ability to diagnose a broad spectrum of cancers ([68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46) in late-phase studies, whereas [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC is clinically approved for neuroendocrine tumors. To facilitate their production, we leveraged a microfluidic cassette-based iMiDEV radiosynthesizer, enabling the synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 and [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC based on a dose-on-demand (DOD) approach. RESULTS Different mixing techniques were explored to influence radiochemical yield. We achieved decay-corrected yield of 44 ± 5% for [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 and 46 ± 7% for [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC in approximately 30 min. The radiochemical purities (HPLC) of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 and [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC were 98.2 ± 0.2% and 98.4 ± 0.9%, respectively. All the quality control results complied with European Pharmacopoeia quality standards. We optimized various parameters, including 68Ga trapping and elution, cassette batches, passive mixing in the reactor, and solid-phase extraction (SPE) purification and formulation. The developed synthesis method reduced the amount of precursor and other chemicals required for synthesis compared to conventional radiosynthesizers. CONCLUSIONS The microfluidic-based approach enabled the implementation of radiosynthesis of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 and [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC on the iMiDEV™ microfluidic module, paving the way for their use in preclinical and clinical applications. The microfluidic synthesis approach utilized 2-3 times less precursor than cassette-based conventional synthesis. The synthesis method was also successfully validated in a similar microfluidic iMiDEV module at a different research center for the synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 with limited runs. Our study demonstrated the potential of microfluidic methods for efficient and reliable radiometal-based radiopharmaceutical synthesis, contributing valuable insights for future advancements in this field and paving the way for routine clinical applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemantha Mallapura
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE-17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Olga Ovdiichuk
- Nancyclotep, Molecular Imaging Platform, 5 Rue du Morvan, 54500, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
| | - Emma Jussing
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tran A Thuy
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Laurent Tanguy
- PMB-Alcen, Route des Michels CD56, 13790, Peynier, France
| | - Charlotte Collet-Defossez
- Nancyclotep, Molecular Imaging Platform, 5 Rue du Morvan, 54500, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
- Inserm, IADI, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Bengt Långström
- Department of Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Halldin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE-17176, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sangram Nag
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE-17176, Stockholm, Sweden
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