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Donovan J, Kilburn N, Gordon G, Barthel B, DuVall M, Bronson A, Russell A, Sherman C, Evanchik M. P.124 EDG-5506 targets fast skeletal myosin and reduces muscle damage biomarkers in a phase 1 trial in Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.07.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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García-Hernández JE, Tuohy E, Toledo-Rodríguez DA, Sherman C, Schizas NV, Weil E. Detrimental conditions affecting Xestospongia muta across shallow and mesophotic coral reefs off the southwest coast of Puerto Rico. Dis Aquat Organ 2021; 147:47-61. [PMID: 34789587 DOI: 10.3354/dao03633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sponges are fundamental components of coral reef communities and, unfortunately, like other major benthic members, they too have been impacted by epizootic and panzootic events. We report on the prevalence of disease-like conditions affecting populations of the giant barrel sponge Xestospongia muta across shallow and mesophotic coral reefs off La Parguera Natural Reserve (LPNR) and Mona Island Marine Reserve (MIMR) in Puerto Rico. Four different conditions affecting X. muta were observed during our surveys, of which 3 have been previously reported: cyclic spotted bleaching (CSB; apparently non-lethal), Xestospongia-tissue wasting disease (X-TWD; apparently lethal), and sponge orange band disease (SOB; sparsely associated with X-TWD infected individuals). Additionally, we describe a fourth condition, Xestospongia-tissue hardening condition (X-THC), a previously unreported disease recently observed along the insular shelf margin off LPNR and MIMR. Within LPNR, a total of 764 specimens of X. muta were inspected and measured. Of these, 590 sponges (72.2%) had CSB, 25 (3.27%) had signs of X-TWD, 7 (0.92%) had SOB, and the remaining 142 (18.6%) were apparently healthy. Three colonies inhabiting upper mesophotic depths on the LPNR insular shelf showed signs of CSB and X-TWD. At MIMR, video-transect surveys revealed a total of 514 colonies, of which 40 (7.78%) had signs of CSB and/or XTWD, 14 (2.72%) were affected by X-THC, while the remaining 460 (89.5%) showed no external signs of disease and appeared healthy. The presence of 4 concomitant disease-like conditions in barrel sponges of Puerto Rico is alarming, and indicative of the deteriorating status of Caribbean coral reefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E García-Hernández
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, PO Box 9000, Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA
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Carvalho AF, Solmi M, Sanches M, Machado MO, Stubbs B, Ajnakina O, Sherman C, Sun YR, Liu CS, Brunoni AR, Pigato G, Fernandes BS, Bortolato B, Husain MI, Dragioti E, Firth J, Cosco TD, Maes M, Berk M, Lanctôt KL, Vieta E, Pizzagalli DA, Smith L, Fusar-Poli P, Kurdyak PA, Fornaro M, Rehm J, Herrmann N. Evidence-based umbrella review of 162 peripheral biomarkers for major mental disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:152. [PMID: 32424116 PMCID: PMC7235270 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0835-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The literature on non-genetic peripheral biomarkers for major mental disorders is broad, with conflicting results. An umbrella review of meta-analyses of non-genetic peripheral biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia, including first-episode psychosis. We included meta-analyses that compared alterations in peripheral biomarkers between participants with mental disorders to controls (i.e., between-group meta-analyses) and that assessed biomarkers after treatment (i.e., within-group meta-analyses). Evidence for association was hierarchically graded using a priori defined criteria against several biases. The Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) instrument was used to investigate study quality. 1161 references were screened. 110 met inclusion criteria, relating to 359 meta-analytic estimates and 733,316 measurements, on 162 different biomarkers. Only two estimates met a priori defined criteria for convincing evidence (elevated awakening cortisol levels in euthymic BD participants relative to controls and decreased pyridoxal levels in participants with schizophrenia relative to controls). Of 42 estimates which met criteria for highly suggestive evidence only five biomarker aberrations occurred in more than one disorder. Only 15 meta-analyses had a power >0.8 to detect a small effect size, and most (81.9%) meta-analyses had high heterogeneity. Although some associations met criteria for either convincing or highly suggestive evidence, overall the vast literature of peripheral biomarkers for major mental disorders is affected by bias and is underpowered. No convincing evidence supported the existence of a trans-diagnostic biomarker. Adequately powered and methodologically sound future large collaborative studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F. Carvalho
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Marco Solmi
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Neuroscience Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy ,grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Marcos Sanches
- grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON Canada ,Krembil Centre for NeuroInformatics, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Myrela O. Machado
- grid.417199.30000 0004 0474 0188Division of Dermatology, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- grid.37640.360000 0000 9439 0839Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Olesya Ajnakina
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Chelsea Sherman
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Yue Ran Sun
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Celina S. Liu
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Andre R. Brunoni
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27) and National Institute of Biomarkers in Psychiatry (INBioN), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giorgio Pigato
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Neuroscience Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy ,grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Brisa S. Fernandes
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX USA
| | | | - Muhammad I. Husain
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Elena Dragioti
- grid.5640.70000 0001 2162 9922Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Joseph Firth
- grid.1029.a0000 0000 9939 5719NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia ,grid.5379.80000000121662407Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Theodore D. Cosco
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Gerontology Research Center, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Oxford Institute of Population Ageing, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Maes
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand ,grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.488501.0Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XCentre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XFlorey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Krista L. Lanctôt
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Eduard Vieta
- grid.418264.d0000 0004 1762 4012Psychiatry and Psychology Department of the Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Diego A. Pizzagalli
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry & McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
| | - Lee Smith
- grid.5115.00000 0001 2299 5510The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,OASIS Service, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK ,grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paul A. Kurdyak
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.418647.80000 0000 8849 1617Canada Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Michele Fornaro
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, Section of Psychiatr, University School of Medicine Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Addiction Policy, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ,grid.448878.f0000 0001 2288 8774Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada
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Haralambos K, McDowell I, Gritzmacher L, Bayly G, Breen J, Sherman C, Cazeaux A, Ashfield-Watt P. Age Adjusted Welsh Criteria For Selecting Patients For Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (Fh) Genetic Testing. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ruthirakuhan M, Herrmann N, Abraham EH, Sherman C, Verhoeff NPL, Kiss A, Black SE, Andreazza AC, Lanctot KL. [P4–003]: A RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO‐CONTROLLED, CROSS‐OVER TRIAL INVESTIGATING NABILONE AS A TREATMENT FOR AGITATION IN PATIENTS WITH MODERATE‐TO‐SEVERE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: BLINDED, INTERIM SAFETY RESULTS. Alzheimers Dement 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.06.1867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myuri Ruthirakuhan
- Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoONCanada
- University of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research GroupTorontoONCanada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoONCanada
- University of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research GroupTorontoONCanada
| | - Eleenor H. Abraham
- Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoONCanada
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research GroupTorontoONCanada
| | - Chelsea Sherman
- Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoONCanada
- University of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research GroupTorontoONCanada
| | | | - Alex Kiss
- Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoONCanada
| | - Sandra E. Black
- Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoONCanada
- University of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | | | - Krista L. Lanctot
- Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoONCanada
- University of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research GroupTorontoONCanada
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Abstract
Antipsychotics are necessary for many older adults to treat major mental illnesses or reduce distressing psychiatric symptoms. Current controversy exists over the role of antipsychotics in the management of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in persons with dementia. Although some NPS may be appropriately and safely treated with antipsychotics, a fine balance must be achieved between the benefits of these medications, which are often modest, and adverse events, which may have significant consequences. Approximately one-third of all persons with dementia are currently prescribed antipsychotic medications, and there is significant variation in the use of antipsychotics across care settings and providers. Reducing the inappropriate or unnecessary use of antipsychotics among persons with dementia has been the focus of increasing attention owing to better awareness of the potential problems associated with these medications. Several approaches can be used to curb the use of antipsychotics among persons with dementia, including policy or regulatory changes, public reporting, and educational outreach. Recently, there has been encouraging evidence of a downward trend in the use of antipsychotics in many long-term care settings, although prescribing rates are still higher than what is likely optimal. Although reducing the inappropriate use of antipsychotics is a complex task, psychiatrists can play an important role via the provision of clinical care and research evidence, contributing to improved care of persons with dementia in Canada and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kirkham
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario
| | - Chelsea Sherman
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario
| | - Clive Velkers
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario
| | - Colleen Maxwell
- 2 Schools of Pharmacy and Public Health & Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario
| | - Sudeep Gill
- 3 Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario
| | - Paula Rochon
- 4 Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Dallas Seitz
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario
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Chau SA, Herrmann N, Sherman C, Chung J, Eizenman M, Kiss A, Lanctôt KL. Visual Selective Attention Toward Novel Stimuli Predicts Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 55:1339-1349. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Chau
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Chelsea Sherman
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jonathan Chung
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Moshe Eizenman
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alex Kiss
- Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Krista L. Lanctôt
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Chan AST, Sherman C, Lozano RC, Fernández EA, Winch PJ, Leontsini E. Development of an indicator to evaluate the impact, on a community-basedAedes aegypticontrol intervention, of improved cleaning of water-storage containers by householders. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00034983.1998.11813296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Mist S, Jones K, Sherman C, Carson J, Bennett R, Li F. OA06.01. A randomized controlled trial of 8-form Tai chi improves symptoms and functional mobility in fibromyalgia patients. BMC Complement Altern Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3373672 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-s1-o21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dubé V, Chun K, Osborne R, Sherman C, Nofech-Mozes S, Ismiil N, Saad R, Khalifa M. Androgenetic complete mole with trisomy 13: Report of a case with microsatellite genotyping and review of the literature. Pathol Res Pract 2010; 206:776-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2010.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Richmond L, Atri M, Sherman C, Sharir S. Renal cell carcinoma containing macroscopic fat on CT mimics an angiomyolipoma due to bone metaplasia without macroscopic calcification. Br J Radiol 2010; 83:e179-81. [PMID: 20647509 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/46452134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a case of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) containing foci of macroscopic fat, which were pathologically proven to be areas of osseous metaplasia. The macroscopic fat was not associated with calcification on the pre-operative CT scan. To our knowledge, there are no reported cases of RCC that contain osseous metaplasia without evidence of macroscopic calcification on CT. The finding is significant because standard imaging practice is to classify a renal mass containing intratumoral macroscopic fat that is not associated with calcification, ossification or invasion of perirenal or hilar fat as an angiomyolipoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Richmond
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
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Hernández R, Sherman C, Weil E, Yoshioka P. Spatial and temporal patterns in reef sediment accumulation and composition, southwestern insular shelf of Puerto Rico. CARIBB J SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.18475/cjos.v45i2.a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Lanctot KL, Ruthirakuhan M, Gallagher D, Sherman C, Abraham EH, Verhoeff NPL, Iaboni A, Black SE, Andreazza AC, Kiss A, Herrmann N. F4‐02‐04: NABILONE SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVES AGITATION/AGGRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH MODERATE‐TO‐SEVERE AD: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF A PLACEBO‐CONTROLLED, DOUBLE‐BLIND, CROSS‐OVER TRIAL. Alzheimers Dement 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alex Kiss
- Sunnybrook Research InstituteTorontoONCanada
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Beaumont J, Sedman R, Reynolds S, Sherman C, Li LH, Howd R, Sandy M, Zeise L, Alexeeff G. Analysis of Cancer Mortality Data from Five Villages in China with Hexavalent Chromium-Contaminated Drinking Water. Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s115-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Urbanic J, Turrisi A, Sharma A, Silvestri G, Williams T, Vanek K, Sherman C, Harley R. PD-119 Conformal high-dose external radiation therapy (CHERT) alonefor medically inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (MILC). Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Urbanic JJ, Turrisi A, Sharma A, Silvestri G, Nietert P, Williams T, Vanek K, Sherman C, Harley R. Conformal high-dose external radiation therapy (CHERT) alone for medically inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (MILC). J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.7228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Urbanic
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - A. Turrisi
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - A. Sharma
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - G. Silvestri
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - P. Nietert
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - T. Williams
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - K. Vanek
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - C. Sherman
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - R. Harley
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
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Finlay M, Sherman C, Rubenstein J, Wierzbicki R, Chow E. A late relapse of primary Krukenberg tumour with bone metastases. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2003; 15:500-3. [PMID: 14690008 DOI: 10.1016/s0936-6555(03)00194-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Finlay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Haralambieva E, Jones M, Roncador GM, Cerroni L, Lamant L, Ott G, Rosenwald A, Sherman C, Thorner P, Kusec R, Wood KM, Campo E, Falini B, Ramsay A, Marafioti T, Stein H, Kluin PM, Pulford K, Mason DY. Tyrosine phosphorylation in human lymphomas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 34:545-52. [PMID: 14626344 DOI: 10.1023/a:1026032902888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, we showed that the high level of protein tyrosine phosphorylation present in lymphomas containing an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) can be demonstrated in routinely processed paraffin tissue sections using immunolabelling techniques. In the present study we investigated whether oncogenic tyrosine kinase activation also occurs in other categories of lymphoma by staining 145 cases of lymphoma covering those tumours with a range of different subtypes including those with morphological similarity to ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Twelve cases of the borderline malignant disorder lymphomatoid papulosis were also studied. Twenty seven of the 28 cases of ALK-positive ALCL showed the extensive cytoplasmic labelling for phosphotyrosine in the neoplastic cells. The remaining case containing moesin-ALK exhibited membrane-associated phosphotyrosine expression. There was no nuclear phosphotyrosine labelling in any of the ALK-positive ALCL, even though ALK was present within the cell nuclei in 23 of the tumours. Variable degrees of phosphotyrosine labelling, usually membrane-restricted, were observed in 7/40 cases of ALK-negative ALCL, 9/29 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 3/6 cases of mediastinal B-cell lymphoma, 2/7 cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma, 3/6 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphomas unspecified, 4/6 cases of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, 2/6 cases of follicular lymphomas and 2/12 cases of lymphomatoid papulosis studied. However none of these phosphotyrosine-positive cases showed the strong cytoplasmic labelling comparable to that seen in ALK-positive lymphoma. We conclude that activation of a tyrosine kinase is probably not a major oncogenic event in lymphomas other than ALK-positive ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Haralambieva
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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21
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Bolduc S, Upadhyay J, Restrepo R, Sherman C, Farhat W, Bägli DJ, McLorie GA, Khoury AE, El Ghoneimi A. The predictive value of diagnostic imaging for histological lesions of the upper poles in duplex systems with ureteroceles. BJU Int 2003; 91:678-82. [PMID: 12699484 DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2003.04247.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the diagnostic imaging findings with the histological lesions in upper pole nephrectomy (UPN) specimens of duplex system ureteroceles, using renal ultrasonography (US) and nuclear renal scintigraphy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 1992 and 2000, 86 patients with a ureterocele in a duplex system underwent surgery. The results from US were reviewed in 84 patients by a radiologist, for echogenicity, parenchymal thinning and hydronephrosis; 77 nuclear renal scans describing the differential function of the upper poles were also reviewed. Fifty-five patients underwent UPN (25 antenatal, 30 postnatal; 18 intravesical, 37 extravesical) and the specimens were available for independent review by a pathologist, describing five histological categories, i.e. chronic interstitial inflammation, fibrosis, tubular atrophy, glomerulosclerosis and dysplasia. Histological lesions were categorized as severe (> 25%) or minimal (<or= 25%). Radiological features and the histology of UPN were then analysed, and correlated using Fisher's exact test and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Severe histological lesions were reported in 38 specimens (69%) and minimal lesions in 17 UPN specimens (31%). Severe parenchymal thinning was associated with a severe pathological lesion (P < 0.02). There was no correlation with the echogenicity or degree of hydronephrosis. Dysplasia, found in 64% of specimens, did not correlate with increased echogenicity. Minimally functioning upper poles on nuclear renal scan (<or= 4% overall function) were significantly associated with severe histological lesions (P = 0.01). There was no correlation between diagnostic imaging features and the mode of presentation or type of ureterocele. CONCLUSIONS Multivariate analysis, severe parenchymal thinning on renal US and minimal function on nuclear renal scan can be used to predict the severity of histological lesions of the upper pole. These results may be helpful in the making therapeutic decisions for patients with ureteroceles in duplex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bolduc
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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22
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Perich MJ, Sherman C, Burge R, Gill E, Quintana M, Wirtz RA. Evaluation of the efficacy of lambda-cyhalothrin applied as ultra-low volume and thermal fog for emergency control of Aedes aegypti in Honduras. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 2001; 17:221-224. [PMID: 11804457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An extended-duration formulation of lambda-cyhalothrin (Demand CS) applied as either an ultra-low volume (ULV) or thermal fog spray from a new handheld sprayer (Terrier) against Aedes aegypti was evaluated in Honduras. Spray applications were made at the front door for 1 min or to each room for 15 sec, both for the ULV and thermal fog applications to houses in separate blocks for each treatment. The efficacy and duration of effectiveness of the spray was determined from sentinel caged mosquito mortality and collection of mosquitoes within houses with a backpack power aspirator. Sentinel caged mosquito mortality in both open and sequestered locations was 97-100% for all spray treatments, with control mortality less than 2%. Both ULV applications (front door and each room) provided 4 wk of significant control (P < 0.01) based on adult Ae. aegypti house collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Perich
- Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910-7500, USA
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23
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O'Brien A, Russo-Magno P, Karki A, Hiranniramol S, Hardin M, Kaszuba M, Sherman C, Rounds S. Effects of withdrawal of inhaled steroids in men with severe irreversible airflow obstruction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:365-71. [PMID: 11500334 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.164.3.2002052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhaled corticosteroid therapy has proven efficacy for asthmatics, but the benefit for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is less well supported. We hypothesized that withdrawal of inhaled steroids in elderly patients with severe irreversible airway obstruction would not lead to a deterioration in respiratory function. We designed a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study to follow spirometry, quality of life questionnaire, six-minute (6-min) walk test, and sputum markers of inflammation during a 6-wk placebo treatment period and a 6-wk treatment period with beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), 336 microg/d. There were 24 men receiving BDP who entered the study; 15 completed the study. Their mean age was 66.9 +/- 1.9 yr, and mean FEV(1) was 1.61 +/- 0.1 L (47% of predicted). There was a significant decrease in the mean FEV(1 )while using the placebo inhaler (1.70 L versus 1.60 L, baseline versus placebo: 95% CI, 0.002 to 0.195; p < 0.05). There was a decrease in the mean percentage change in FEV(1) for the study subjects during the placebo treatment period as compared with the BDP treatment period (-6.28 versus 5.03%, placebo versus BDP: 95% CI, -23.38 to 0.76; p = 0.06). Six-minute walk test results and sputum analysis for cell count and differential were not significantly different during placebo and BDP treatment periods. Borg scale assessment of dyspnea after exercise was increased while using the placebo inhaler as compared with baseline, and decreased during the BDP treatment period. Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ) scores revealed no significant difference between placebo and BDP. This study has demonstrated that in elderly patients with severe irreversible airway obstruction, withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroid therapy leads to a deterioration in ventilatory function and increased exercise-induced dyspnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O'Brien
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Pharmacy Service, Providence Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, Rhode Island Hospital, RI 02908, USA
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24
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Abstract
Within the exercise and the sports sciences, various "expert observers" rely on visual assessments of movement. Strengths and limitations of unaided observation are outlined based on the biological motion perception literature and related work. The concepts of coordination, control, and action are used to propose an "action prototype" for pattern recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Sparrow
- School of Health Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood 3125, Australia.
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25
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Abstract
Giant tsunamis, generated by submarine landslides in the Hawaiian Islands, have been thought to be responsible for the deposition of chaotic gravels high on the southern coastal slopes of the islands of Lana'i and Moloka'i, Hawaii. Here we investigate this hypothesis, using uranium-thorium dating of the Hulopoe gravel (on Lana'i) and a study of stratigraphic relationships, such as facies changes and hiatuses, within the deposit. The Hulopoe gravel contains corals of two age groups, representing marine isotope stages 5e and 7 (approximately 135,000 and 240,000 years ago, respectively), with significant geographical and stratigraphic ordering. We show that the Hulopoe gravel was formed by multiple depositional events, separated by considerable periods of time, thus invalidating the main premise of the 'giant wave' hypothesis. Instead, the gravels were probably deposited during interglacial periods (when sea level was relatively high) by typical Hawaiian shoreline processes such as seasonal wave patterns, storm events and possibly 'normal' tsunamis, and reached their present height by uplift of Lana'i.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Rubin
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, SOEST, University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96822, USA.
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26
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Abstract
Regular exercise is an important health maintenance strategy for children and adolescents: It facilitates weight control, helps strengthen bones, and can improve cardiovascular risk factors. Mental health may also benefit. An active childhood may also lay the groundwork for a lifetime of fitness. Physicians are in an important position to assess children's weight status and activity levels during a routine physical exam. And, with some simple recommendations to children and parents, they can play a key role in helping young patients find and maintain activities they enjoy, while keeping the risk of injury to a minimum.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ganley
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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27
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Harvey SM, Beckman LJ, Sherman C, Petitti D. Women's experience and satisfaction with emergency contraception. Fam Plann Perspect 1999; 31:237-40, 260. [PMID: 10723648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT If any new contraceptive technology is to become a viable option for decreasing unintended pregnancies, women must be willing to use the method and find it acceptable. However, because emergency contraceptive pills have not been widely used, very little is known about this method's acceptability. METHODS Telephone interviews were conducted with 235 women who had received emergency contraceptive pills through a demonstration project at 13 Kaiser Permanente medical offices in San Diego to assess women's experience and satisfaction with the pills. RESULTS More than two-thirds of the women (70%) were using a contraceptive method prior to their need for emergency contraception, and 73% of these users were relying on condoms. When asked about the situation that led to unprotected intercourse, 45% reported that their condom broke or slipped, while 23% said they had had unplanned sex. More than three-quarters of the sample (81%) experienced at least one side effect. The overwhelming majority were satisfied with emergency contraceptive pills (91%) and would recommend them to friends and family members (97%). Just one-quarter of the sample (28%) believed that emergency contraceptive pills should be dispensed over the counter, and an even lower proportion agreed that they should be available from vending machines (6%). CONCLUSIONS Because women were overwhelmingly accepting of emergency contraceptive pills, found them easy to use and did not intend to substitute them for regular contraceptive use, this new method is an important addition to the contraceptive options available to women, providing a way to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse or method failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Harvey
- Pacific Institute for Women's Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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28
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Abstract
Regular, moderate exercise does not significantly affect length of gestation or birth weight, and it may ease pregnancy and labor. Active pregnant women should maintain adequate hydration and nutrition, avoid hyperthermia, and take precautions if obstetric or medical complications are present. Supine exercise, contact sports, high-altitude exertion, and scuba diving should be avoided, and some women, including those who lift weights or do high-impact exercise, may need to modify their routines. Most women can begin or continue to exercise during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Artal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, 63117, USA
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29
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Sherman C. Asthma: profile of an epidemic. Med Health R I 1999; 82:233-4. [PMID: 10439606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Sherman
- Brown University School of Medicine, USA
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30
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Sherman C, Arthurs D. Office management of asthma. Med Health R I 1999; 82:236-9. [PMID: 10439608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Sherman
- Brown University School of Medicine, USA.
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31
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Millar AL, Pal T, Madlensky L, Sherman C, Temple L, Mitri A, Cheng H, Marcus V, Gallinger S, Redston M, Bapat B, Narod S. Mismatch repair gene defects contribute to the genetic basis of double primary cancers of the colorectum and endometrium. Hum Mol Genet 1999; 8:823-9. [PMID: 10196371 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/8.5.823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is a dominantly inherited cancer syndrome caused by germline defects of mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Endometrial cancer is the most common extracolonic neoplasm in HNPCC and is the primary clinical manifestation of the syndrome in some families. The cumulative incidence of endometrial cancer among HNPCC mutation carriers is high, estimated to be from 22 to 43%. We hypothesized that women with double primary cancers of the colorectum and endometrium are likely to be members of HNPCC families. In order to determine how frequently HNPCC manifests in the context of double primary cancers, we examined alterations of two MMR genes, hMSH2 and hMLH1, in 40 unrelated women affected with double primary cancers. These cases were identified using hospital-based and population-based cancer registries in Ontario, Canada. MMR gene mutations were screened by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and confirmed by direct sequencing. Eighteen percent (seven of 40) were found to harbor mutations of one of the two MMR genes. Analysis of colorectal and/or endometrial tumors of mutation-negative probands found microsatellite instability in seven of 20 cases. Six of seven mutation-positive probands had strong family histories suggestive of HNPCC. First degree relatives of mutation-positive probands had a very high relative risk (RR) of colorectal cancer (RR = 8.1, CI 3. 5-15.9) and endometrial cancer (RR = 23.8, CI 6.4-61.0). The relative risk of mutation-negative cases was 2.8 (CI 1.7-4.5) for colorectal cancer and 5.4 (CI 2.0-11.7) for endometrial cancer. We recommend that all double primary patients with cancers at these sites should have a genetic evaluation, including molecular analysis for HNPCC where appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Millar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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32
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Abstract
If you have diabetes, one of the best things you can do for yourself is to stay-or begin to be-active. A regular exercise program can help stabilize your blood sugar, reduce your need for insulin and medication, and keep your weight under control. Diabetes increases the risk of heart disease, but exercise can lower it. Best of all, exercise helps you get more out of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D White
- Bayfront Medical Center, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701-4891, USA
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33
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Abstract
Exercise is a recommended component of diabetes management. In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, exercise can increase insulin sensitivity, lower blood glucose, and have positive psychological effects. More markedly in type 2 than in type 1, regular physical activity improves glycemic control, reduces hypertension, and normalizes lipids. Adjustments in insulin dosage, careful blood glucose monitoring, and attention to diet around the time of exercise will help prevent hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, which are common hazards of exercise in type 1 diabetes. Special precautions are necessary for those who have diabetic complications such as retinopathy or peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D White
- Bayfront Medical Center, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
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34
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Sherman C, Lando M. Raising management standards in American healthcare. Healthc Exec 1999; 14:12-7. [PMID: 10351657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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35
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Abstract
One important way that physicians can promote regular exercise by patients is to encourage employers to establish exercise facilities and programs in the workplace. Physicians can also help design such programs. Employers who offer exercise opportunities may benefit from reduced healthcare costs, absenteeism, injury rates, and turnover and improved job performance, productivity, and morale.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Dinubile
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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36
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Petitti DB, Harvey SM, Preskill D, Beckman LJ, Postlethwaite D, Switzky H, Sherman C. Emergency contraception: preliminary report of a demonstration and evaluation project. J Am Med Womens Assoc (1972) 1998; 53:251-4. [PMID: 9859634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Kaiser Permanente Southern California and the Pacific Institute for Women's Health began a demonstration and evaluation project on emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) in the summer of 1996 with the goal of evaluating the feasibility and acceptability of ECPs in a large health maintenance organization and developing institutional templates, provider training and patient education materials that could be used to replicate the project. The ECP program had six components: repackaging of oral contraceptives in an ECP "kit," development of provider education materials, development of patient education materials, in-service training, making ECPs kits available in convenient locations, and development of materials to support replication of the project inside and outside Kaiser Permanente. Although data are still being analyzed, preliminary results are promising. The success of the project within this relatively conservative, but well-established medical care organization provides a model for others. The development of a standard set of educational materials and approaches to implementation should facilitate dispensing ECPs in other settings.
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37
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Abstract
Exercise is good for everyone, but it's more important than ever when you reach midlife. While regular exercise may not eliminate symptoms like hot flushes, it can improve your general well-being and increase your strength and stamina in daily life. If you want to lose fat or maintain a healthy weight, exercise is far more effective than diet alone. A physically active lifestyle, along with good nutrition and estrogen therapy, will also help protect you against heart disease, overweight, and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Shangold
- Center for Women's Health and Sports Gynecology, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
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38
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Quintana M, Piper R, Boling HL, Makler M, Sherman C, Gill E, Fernandez E, Martin S. Malaria diagnosis by dipstick assay in a Honduran population with coendemic Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 59:868-71. [PMID: 9886191 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.59.868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase dipstick designed to separately detect P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria was evaluated in two Honduran populations where both species are endemic. The dipstick was compared to thick film microscopy; the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to analyze discordant results. The dipstick had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 95% compared with microscopy in the diagnosis of Plasmodium infections in a hospital population; the mean parasite density was approximately 590/mm3. In a field sample of mostly asymptomatic volunteers, the sensitivity of the dipstick for Plasmodium infection varied with parasite density. Additionally, the sensitivity and specificity of the dipstick was similar to thick film microscopy in the diagnosis of vivax malaria compared with the PCR. The dipstick was unable to detect P. vivax in the presence of P. falciparum because of cross-reactivity in the pan-specific band. Accurate species identification in mixed infections remains a problem in malaria diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Quintana
- Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia 20307-5100, USA
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39
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Abstract
Exercise may help control a number of physical and psychological problems and changes associated with menopause and midlife, including depression, weight gain, loss of muscle mass and bone density, the risk of coronary artery disease, and possibly vasomotor symptoms. The basic prescription of aerobic exercise (20 to 60 minutes 3 to 5 days per week) and strength training (2 to 3 days per week) should be adapted to the patient's medical condition, fitness level, motivation, experience, and preferences. Exercise effects can be supplemented by estrogen therapy, a low-fat diet, and adequate calcium and vitamin D intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Shangold
- Center for Women's Health and Sports Gynecology, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
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40
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Fernández EA, Leontsini E, Sherman C, Chan AS, Reyes CE, Lozano RC, Fuentes BA, Nichter M, Winch PJ. Trial of a community-based intervention to decrease infestation of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in cement washbasins in El Progreso, Honduras. Acta Trop 1998; 70:171-83. [PMID: 9698263 DOI: 10.1016/s0001-706x(98)00033-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Washbasins and metal drums are important sources of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in much of Latin America. When manual cleaning was found to be ineffective in eliminating mosquito larvae in a community-based control programme in El Progreso, Honduras, it was decided to develop and evaluate an improved method of removing mosquito eggs based on commonly-available materials. The method, named La Untadita ('The Little Dab', in English), consists of five steps: mixing chlorine bleach and detergent to make a paste, applying the mixture to the walls of the container, waiting 10 min, scrubbing with a brush, and finally rinsing with water. A field trial of the Untadita was conducted in 13 peri-urban neighbourhoods. At the first post-intervention survey, in spite of high levels of exposure to the community-based intervention, high levels of knowledge regarding the Untadita and high levels of its reported use, little or no impact was discernable on mosquito larvae and pupae. The method was then modified by increasing the recommended quantities of bleach and detergent and simplifying the instructions. In the second post-intervention survey, knowledge of the steps and their order increased further; the intervention neighbourhoods had significantly fewer algae on washbasin walls, an indicator of more effective cleaning; and numbers of pupae and 3rd and 4th instar larvae were significantly lower than in untreated neighbourhoods. Effective promotion of the Untadita should be able to control mosquito infestation in many washbasins, especially those in frequent use, thus reducing the need for chemical and biological larvicides that may be either more costly or less acceptable to householders.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Fernández
- Departamento de Enfermedades de Transmisión Vectorial, Ministerio de Salud Pública, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
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41
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Abstract
The standard exercise recommendation -20 to 30 minutes at 60% to 85% of maximum heart rate four or five times a week- should be part of asthma management. Not only will patients benefit in a general way, but improved fitness is likely to reduce airway reactivity and medication use. The capacity to exercise, however, requires good general control of asthma, including use of inhaled corticosteroids and avoidance of triggers. In addition, patients must be taught to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction by using inhaled medications and strategies like avoiding cold-weather exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Disabella
- Crozer-Keystone Health System, Springfield, PA, 19064, USA
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42
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Abstract
Years ago, everyone thought strenuous physical activity was dangerous if you had asthma, but now we know better. Exercise is not only safe if done properly, it's an integral part of treatment. Regular workouts will make you stronger and more energetic and reduce your risk of heart disease, diabetes, and other health problems. What's more, your asthma is likely to improve. Studies have shown that physically fit people have fewer attacks, need less medication, and lose less time from work or school.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Disabella
- Crozer-Keystone Health System, Springfield, PA, 19064, USA
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43
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Chan AS, Sherman C, Lozano RC, Fernández EA, Winch PJ, Leontsini E. Development of an indicator to evaluate the impact, on a community-based Aedes aegypti control intervention, of improved cleaning of water-storage containers by householders. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1998; 92:317-29. [PMID: 9713548 DOI: 10.1080/00034989859898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Householders in a community-based programme to control dengue in El Progreso, Honduras, are being encouraged to improve the cleaning of the water-storage containers in which many of the vectors thrive. The objective of the present study was to develop an indicator of the change occurring in human behaviour. Traditional Aedes aegypti larval indices do not differentiate between containers in which all the immature stages are present and those which hold only first- and second-instar larvae. However, it is not essential to prevent all larval development to limit transmission of pathogens by the adults; if the Ae. aegypti in the containers only manage to develop to young larvae before the containers are cleaned, then control of the vector in these containers will be effective. In field trials, sampling of third- and fourth-instar larvae in washbasins by taking five dips (quick immersions to a standard depth) with a hand-held net was found to be sufficient for estimating the true population size of that same cohort. This sampling method was then included in a large-scale survey of households, conducted for programme monitoring. An index was then developed as a summary measure of the degree of infestation of a washbasin by Ae. aegypti. This index was the sum of four variables assessed in the survey: presence of any immature stages (larvae and/or pupae); presence of pupae; detection of third-fourth-instar larvae in a five-dip sample; and a log-transformation of the number of larvae recovered. Based on this new index, the 884 washbasins encountered in the survey were classified as infestation-free (76.2%), or with low-(6.7%), medium-(14.9%) or high-level (2.2%) infestation. Application of the same procedure to 240 drums encountered in the survey showed that 66.3% were infestation-free and 9.2%, 17.1% and 7.4% had low-, medium- and high-level infestations, respectively. Compared with the traditional indices, this new index should be more sensitive to changes in human behaviour resulting from a control programme exposure than a simple, dichotomous variable (i.e. positive/negative for presence of immature stages). The use of such an index could make the control programme more efficient, allowing the greatest efforts to be targeted at households that have medium-high levels of infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Chan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Bove AA, Sherman C. Low-pressure workouts for hypertension. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 1998; 26:54. [PMID: 20086802 DOI: 10.3810/psm.1998.04.860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Regular exercise is a central part of your program for controlling hypertension (high blood pressure). For most people who have hypertension, a few sessions of moderate physical activity each week will reduce blood pressure significantly and lower the risk of stroke and heart attack. If your blood pressure is just mildly elevated, exercise (along with a healthy diet and lifestyle) may be enough to bring it down to normal. If you need medication, exercise probably will make it more effective, and possibly allow you to take a lower dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Bove
- Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
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Abstract
Hypertension is common, and even slight elevations in blood pressure can be associated with health risks. Regular aerobic exercise helps prevent hypertension. In patients who already have hypertension, such exercise has been shown to lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure by a mean of 10 mm Hg. For mild or labile hypertension, lifestyle modification that includes at least a half hour of moderate aerobic exercise at least 3 days a week should be tried before using drug therapy. If medication is needed, one that is not likely to impede the patient's ability to exercise should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Bove
- Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
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Sherman C, Fernandez EA, Chan AS, Lozano RC, Leontsini E, Winch PJ. La Untadita: a procedure for maintaining washbasins and drums free of Aedes aegypti based on modification of existing practices. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 58:257-62. [PMID: 9502612 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.58.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorine bleach and detergent are routinely used by householders in El Progreso, Honduras in the process of cleaning washbasins and drums, the two most important larval habitats of Aedes aegypti in the city. The efficacy of these materials in eliminating eggs, larvae, and pupae of Ae. aegypti was assessed under controlled conditions. The promising results obtained led to trials using a combination of chlorine bleach and detergent to apply to the walls of washbasins and drums as a method for eliminating eggs. The bleach maintained its ovicidal properties when mixed with detergent, and the detergent gave the mixture consistency so that it could be applied as a thin film to the walls. This new procedure was named the little dab (Untadita in Spanish) and allows households to direct their efforts against a stage of the mosquito life cycle that has been ignored in the past: the egg.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sherman
- Division de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores, Ministerio de Salud Publica, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
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Abstract
Physical activity promotes increases in bone mineral density or reductions in bone loss in young, premenopausal, and postmenopausal women, making exercise a key strategy for preventing and treating osteoporosis. Alongside weight-bearing exercise and resistance training, treatment may also include therapy with estrogen, alendronate, or calcitonin, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, and measures to prevent falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Katz
- University of Pennsylvania Health System Presbyterian Medicine Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Abstract
For patients who have osteoporosis, exercise is an essential part of treatment. Just as regular workouts build muscle, they also maintain and may even increase bone strength. By strengthening your muscles and bones and improving your balance, exercise can reduce the risk of falls and resulting fractures. Exercise works well with estrogen or other medications that increase bone density and strength. Exercise, medication, and proper diet combat osteoporosis more effectively together than any one treatment alone could do. Remember that you're never too old to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Katz
- University of Pennsylvania Health System Presbyterian Medicine Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Sherman C, Weitzman S, Lorenzana A, Silver MM. Lymphadenopathy and pulmonary infiltrates in a 12-year-old girl. J Pediatr 1997; 131:776-81. [PMID: 9403668 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(97)70115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Sherman
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Blumenthal MN, Sherman C. Managing allergies in active people. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 1997; 25:129-34. [PMID: 20086932 DOI: 10.3810/psm.1997.08.1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Though exercise does not appear to cause allergies, active patients require special attention when allergies appear. Physical activity may increase contact with substances that cause hay fever, trigger asthma episodes, or result in contact dermatitis. Nonspecific irritants (like chlorine or air pollutants) and allergens often interact in the context of exercise, and strenuous activity may produce allergic-like symptoms that complicate the clinical picture. An athletic patient's exercise patterns and preferences should be kept in mind in evaluating allergies, devising treatment strategies, and choosing medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Blumenthal
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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