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Soo CI, Poon KV, Ayub A, You HW, Tan CX, Loh KJJ, Eng CCH, Sia LC, Wong CK. High-dose pulse methylprednisolone vs. dexamethasone standard therapy for severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia: Efficacy assessment in a retrospective single-centre experience from Malaysia. Med J Malaysia 2024; 79:15-20. [PMID: 38287752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of dexamethasone (DXM) has been associated with decreased mortality in the patients with hypoxemia during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, while the outcomes with methylprednisolone (MTP) have been mixed. This real-life study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of patients with severe respiratory failure due to COVID-19 who were treated with high doses of MTP. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study enrolled hospitalised patients between May 2021 and August 2021, aged 18 years and above, with severe respiratory failure defined by a ratio of oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen (SF ratio) of less than 235. The treatment protocol involved administering high-dose MTP for 3 days, followed by DXM, and the outcomes were compared with those of patients who received DXM alone (total treatment duration of 10 days for both groups). RESULTS A total of 99 patients were enrolled, with 79 (79.8%) receiving pulse MTP therapy and 20 (20.2%) being treated with DXM only. The SF ratio significantly improved from a mean of 144.49 (±45.16) at baseline to 208 (±85.19) at 72 hours (p < 0.05), with a mean difference of 63.51 (p < 0.001) in patients who received ≤750 mg of MTP. Additionally, in patients who received >750 mg of MTP, the SF ratio improved from a baseline mean of 130.39 (±34.53) to 208.44 (±86.61) at 72 hours (p < 0.05), with a mean difference of 78.05 (p = 0.001). In contrast, patients who received DXM only demonstrated an SF ratio of 132.85 (±44.1) at baseline, which changed minimally to 133.35 (±44.4) at 72 hours (p = 0.33), with a mean difference of 0.50 (p = 0.972). The incidence of nosocomial infection was higher in the MTP group compared with the DXM group (40.5% vs. 35%, p = 0.653), with a relative risk of 1.16 (95% CI: 0.60-2.23). CONCLUSION MTP did not demonstrate a significant reduction in intubation or intensive care unit admissions. Although a high dose of MTP improved gas exchange in patients with severe and critical COVID-19, it did not provide an overall mortality benefit compared to standard treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Soo
- University Malaya Medical Center, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - K V Poon
- University Malaya Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Ayub
- University Malaya Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H W You
- University Malaya Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C X Tan
- University Malaya Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K J J Loh
- University Malaya Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C C H Eng
- University Malaya Medical Center, Department of Pharmacy, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - L C Sia
- University Malaya Medical Center, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C K Wong
- University Malaya Medical Center, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Tan CX, Yeo SW, Wong YP, Tan GC. Globus pharyngeus due to a lymphangiomatous polyp arising from the tonsil. Malays J Pathol 2023; 45:271-273. [PMID: 37658536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lymphangiomatous polyp of the tonsil is generally accepted as a hamartomatous lesion. Its differential diagnosis includes fibroepithelial polyp, squamous papilloma, angiofibroma, haemangioma, arteriovenous malformation, hamartoma and lymphangioma. CASE REPORT A 33-year-old man presented with 2 months history of feeling of foreign body sensation in the throat. Examination revealed a nodular red coloured polyp on the left tonsil. Histologically, the polyp was covered by squamous epithelium and is composed of numerous vascular channels containing lymphocytes and eosinophilic material, in a fibrous stroma. Immunohistochemically, the endothelial cells were positive toward CD31 and D2-40. DISCUSSION The characteristic histological features of a lymphangiomatous polyp are benign vascular proliferation with variable fibrous, adipose and lymphoid stromal components. Nested intraepithelial epidermotropism of lymphocytes can be observed. The vascular channels are typically thin-walled and contain eosinophilic proteinaceous material and lymphocytes. There is no reported incidence of recurrent or malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C X Tan
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S W Yeo
- Prince Court Medical Centre, Jalan Kia Peng, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Y P Wong
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - G C Tan
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Zhang M, Zhang T, Wang LH, Zhong YF, Zhang B, Zhao YL, Tan CX, Ren YB. [Intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumors with EWSR1-CREB1 fusion: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:144-146. [PMID: 35152636 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20210705-00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - T Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - L H Wang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y F Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - C X Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y B Ren
- Department of Pathology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
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Liu XH, Qiao L, Zhai ZW, Cai PP, Cantrell CL, Tan CX, Weng JQ, Han L, Wu HK. Novel 4-pyrazole carboxamide derivatives containing flexible chain motif: design, synthesis and antifungal activity. Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:2892-2900. [PMID: 31050111 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, carboxamide fungicides, targeting succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), have shown highly efficient and broad spectrum fungicidal activity. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) results for these commercial fungicides show that the carboxamide group was a key active group. This is useful information for the discovery of new pyrazole carboxamide derivatives with fungicidal activity. RESULTS Twenty-seven novel pyrazole carboxamides were designed and synthesized. Their fungicidal activities against Gibberella zeae, Phytophthora infestans, Phytophthora capsici, Rhizoctonia solani, Alternaria solani, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Cercospora arachidicola, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Physalospora piricola were tested; derivatives possessed excellent inhibitory at 50 mg L-1 in particular. Furthermore, some pyrazole carboxamides exhibited remarkably high activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro with EC50 values of 2.04 to 15.2 μg mL-1 . In addition, some compounds also exhibited high activities against Physalospora piricola, Cercospora arachidicola and Phytophthora capsici. Inhibition activities against SDH proved that the designed analogues were effective at the enzyme level. The SAR of these pyrazole carboxamides was studied by using the docking method. CONCLUSION It is possible that pyrazole carboxamides, which exhibit good activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, can be further optimized as a lead compounds of carboxamide fungicides. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Hai Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Qiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Zhai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Peng Cai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Charles L Cantrell
- Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Chen-Xia Tan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Quan Weng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Han
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Ke Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Liu XH, Fang YM, Xie F, Zhang RR, Shen ZH, Tan CX, Weng JQ, Xu TM, Huang HY. Synthesis and in vivo fungicidal activity of some new quinoline derivatives against rice blast. Pest Manag Sci 2017; 73:1900-1907. [PMID: 28218818 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quinoline derivatives possess excellent fungicidal activity against rice blast, but quinoline derivatives have not been thoroughly explored as fungicides. In the process of designing new fungicides, the 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropan-2-yl group was introduced in order to find new structure quinoline derivatives. RESULTS Seventeen new quinoline derivatives containing 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropan-2-yl moiety were designed and synthesised. In vivo fungicidal activities of these compounds were tested against rice blast. Some of the compounds provided effective control at 100 mg L-1 , and a few compounds were effective at 10 mg L-1 . Furthermore, a density functional theory study established the structure-activity relationships of the synthesised compounds. CONCLUSION Quinoline derivatives, especially benzyl (2,3,8-trimethyl-6-(perfluoropropan-2-yl)quinolin-4-yl) carbonate, which possess good control effective against rice blast and cucumber powdery mildew, may become new lead compounds for the development of fungicides with further structure modification. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Hai Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Ming Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Base of National Southern Pesticide Research Centre, Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Xie
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Rui Zhang
- Zhejiang Base of National Southern Pesticide Research Centre, Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Xia Tan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Quan Weng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Ming Xu
- Zhejiang Base of National Southern Pesticide Research Centre, Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Ying Huang
- Zhejiang Base of National Southern Pesticide Research Centre, Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract
A method is presented for measurement of perfusion changes during brain activation using a single-shot pulsed spin labeling technique. By employing a double-inversion labeling strategy, stationary tissue (background) signal was suppressed while minimally affecting perfusion sensitivity. This allowed omission of the otherwise required reference scan, resulting in twofold-improved temporal resolution. The method was applied to visual and motor cortex activation studies in humans, and compared to standard FAIR-type perfusion labeling techniques. Experiments performed at 1.5T and 3.0T indicate a close to 90% suppression of background signal, at a cost of an 11% and 9%, respectively, reduction in perfusion signal. Combined with the twofold increase in signal averaging, and a reduction in background signal fluctuations, this resulted in a 64% (1.5T, N = 3) and a 128% (3T, N = 4) overall improvement in sensitivity for the detection of activation-related perfusion changes. Magn Reson Med 46:88-94, 2001. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Duyn
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research (CC), National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Abstract
A protocol for assessing signal contributions from static tissue (subtraction errors) in perfusion images acquired with arterial spin-labeling (ASL) techniques in human brain is proposed. The method exploits the reduction of blood T(1) caused by the clinically available paramagnetic contrast agent, gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA). The protocol is demonstrated clinically with multislice FAIR images acquired before, during, and after Gd-DTPA administration using a range of selective inversion widths. Perfusion images acquired postcontrast for selective inversion widths large enough (threshold) to avoid interaction with the imaging slice had signal intensities reduced to noise level, as opposed to subtraction errors manifested on images acquired using inversion widths below the threshold. The need for these experiments to be performed in vivo is further illustrated by comparison with phantom results. The protocol allows a one-time calibration of relevant ASL parameters (e.g., selective inversion widths) in vivo, which may otherwise cause subtraction errors. Magn Reson Med 43:896-900, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Yongbi
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Tan CX, Dong G, Jiang DM. Relationship between HBsAg detected in liver tissue and liver injury. Chin Med J (Engl) 1988; 101:564-7. [PMID: 3148395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Tan CX. [An immunohistochemical study of HBcAg in the liver of patients with type B hepatitis]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 1987; 16:90-3, 19. [PMID: 2962766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Tan CX. [An immunohistochemical study on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the human liver. II. A study of membranous HBsAg]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1983; 22:13-6, 62. [PMID: 6839873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Tan CX. [Malignant histiocytosis occurring in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia - clinical and postmortem observations in 1 case (author's transl)]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1980; 19:295-7. [PMID: 6933062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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