1
|
Sheppard JP, Lagman C, Nguyen T, Yokoi H, Jeong SH, Luong P, Chen CHJ, Ong V, French A, Franks AM, Kwan I, Mekonnen M, Ng E, Evans A, Preet K, Udawatta M, Yang I. Analysis of academic publishing output among 1634 successful applicants in the 2011-2018 neurosurgery residency match. J Neurol Sci 2020; 420:117186. [PMID: 33223149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.117186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research productivity is a key criterion for applicant selection reported by residency program directors. Research volume reported on neurosurgery residency applications has risen steadily over the past decade. OBJECTIVE Perform retrospective bibliographic searches of successful applicants who matched into U.S. neurosurgery residency programs from 2011 to 2018, and assess the relationship between academic publishing and residency placement. METHODS Gender, MD/PhD status, U.S. News research ranking of medical school, and international medical graduate status (IMG) were determined for 1634 successful applicants from 2011 to 2018. Indexed publications before and after the start of residency were tabulated by Scopus®. Publication counts were stratified by first author, basic/clinical science, case reports, reviews, or other research. We then compared publishing trends across demographic variables and match cohorts. RESULTS Average pre-residency publications increased from 2.6 [1.7, 3.4] in 2011 to 6.5 [5.1, 7.9] in 2018. Men, PhD-holders, Top 20 and Top 40 U.S. medical school graduates, and IMGs had higher pre-residency publication counts overall. After stratifying by match cohort, however, there was no significant effect of gender on pre-residency publications. Applicants matching into residency programs with highly ranked affiliated hospitals had significantly higher pre-residency publications. CONCLUSION Publishing volume of successful neurosurgery applicants in the U.S. has risen recently and is associated with the stature of matched residency programs. Given the gap between verifiable and claimed research on residency applications, attention is needed to objectively evaluate research credentials in the selection process. The impending phase out of USMLE step 1 scores may increase emphasis on academic productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John P Sheppard
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Carlito Lagman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Thien Nguyen
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hana Yokoi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Stacy H Jeong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Peter Luong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Cheng Hao Jacky Chen
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Vera Ong
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alexis French
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alyssa M Franks
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Isabelle Kwan
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mahlet Mekonnen
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Edwin Ng
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Audree Evans
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Komal Preet
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Methma Udawatta
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Isaac Yang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States; Departments of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States; Departments of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States; Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States; Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine of the University of California, Los Angeles, (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lagman C, Nagasawa DT, Azzam D, Sheppard JP, Chen CHJ, Ong V, Nguyen T, Prashant GN, Niu T, Tucker AM, Kim W, Kaldas FM, Pouratian N, Busuttil RW, Yang I. Survival Outcomes After Intracranial Hemorrhage in Liver Disease. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2020; 16:138-146. [PMID: 29767779 DOI: 10.1093/ons/opy096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival outcomes for patients with liver disease who suffer an intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) have not been thoroughly investigated. OBJECTIVE To understand survival outcomes for 3 groups: (1) patients with an admission diagnosis of liver disease (end-stage liver disease [ESLD] or non-ESLD) who developed an ICH in the hospital, (2) patients with ESLD who undergo either operative vs nonoperative management, and (3) patients with ESLD on the liver transplant waitlist who developed an ICH in the hospital. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed hospital charts from March 2006 through February 2017 of patients with liver disease and an ICH evaluated by the neurosurgery service at a single academic medical center. The primary outcome was survival. RESULTS We included a total of 53 patients in this study. The overall survival for patients with an admission diagnosis of liver disease who developed an ICH (n = 29, 55%) in the hospital was 22%. Of those patients with an admission diagnosis of liver disease, 27 patients also had ESLD. Kaplan-Meier analysis found no significant difference in survival for ESLD patients (n = 33, 62%) according to operative status. There were 11 ESLD patients on the liver transplant waitlist. The overall survival for patients with ESLD on the liver transplant waitlist who suffered an in-hospital ICH (n = 7, 13%) was 14%. CONCLUSION ICH in the setting of liver disease carries a grave prognosis. Also, a survival advantage for surgical hematoma evacuation in ESLD patients is not clear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlito Lagman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Daniel T Nagasawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Daniel Azzam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - John P Sheppard
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Cheng Hao Jacky Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Vera Ong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Thien Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Giyarpuram N Prashant
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tianyi Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alexander M Tucker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Won Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Fady M Kaldas
- Department of Surgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nader Pouratian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ronald W Busuttil
- Department of Surgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Isaac Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Voth BL, Pelargos PE, Barnette NE, Bhatt NS, Chen CHJ, Lagman C, Chung LK, Nguyen T, Sheppard JP, Romiyo P, Mareninov S, Kickhoefer VA, Yong WH, Rome LH, Yang I. Intratumor injection of CCL21-coupled vault nanoparticles is associated with reduction in tumor volume in an in vivo model of glioma. J Neurooncol 2020; 147:599-605. [PMID: 32274629 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary adult brain tumor. Current care includes surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. Recent clinical trials for GBM have demonstrated extended survival using interventions such as tumor vaccines or tumor-treating fields. However, prognosis generally remains poor, with expected survival of 20 months after randomization. Chemokine-based immunotherapy utilizing CCL21 locally recruits lymphocytes and dendritic cells to enhance host antitumor response. Here, we report a preliminary study utilizing CPZ-vault nanoparticles as a vehicle to package, protect, and steadily deliver therapy to optimize CCL21 therapy in a murine flank model of GBM. METHODS GL261 cells were subcutaneously injected into the left flank of eight-week-old female C57BL/6 mice. Mice were treated with intratumoral injections of either: (1) CCL21-packaged vault nanoparticles (CPZ-CCL21), (2) free recombinant CCL21 chemokine empty vault nanoparticles, (3) empty vault nanoparticles, or 4) PBS. RESULTS The results of this study showed that CCL21-packaged vault nanoparticle injections can decrease the tumor volume in vivo. Additionally, this study showed mice injected with CCL21-packaged vault nanoparticle had the smallest average tumor volume and remained the only treatment group with a negative percent change in tumor volume. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study establishes vault nanoparticles as a feasible vehicle to increase drug delivery and immune response in a flank murine model of GBM. Future animal studies involving an intracranial orthotopic tumor model are required to fully evaluate the potential for CCL21-packaged vault nanoparticles as a strategy to bypass the blood brain barrier, enhance intracranial immune activity, and improve intracranial tumor control and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Voth
- Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Natalie E Barnette
- Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nikhilesh S Bhatt
- Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Carlito Lagman
- Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lawrance K Chung
- Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thien Nguyen
- Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John P Sheppard
- Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Prasanth Romiyo
- Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sergey Mareninov
- Departments of Biological Chemistry, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 300 Stein Plaza, Suite 562, 5th Floor Wasserman Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-6901, USA
| | - Valerie A Kickhoefer
- Departments of Biological Chemistry, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 300 Stein Plaza, Suite 562, 5th Floor Wasserman Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-6901, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Departments of Pathology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leonard H Rome
- Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Isaac Yang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Departments of Biological Chemistry, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 300 Stein Plaza, Suite 562, 5th Floor Wasserman Building, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-6901, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sheppard JP, Prashant GN, Chen CHJ, Peeters S, Lagman C, Ong V, Udawatta M, Duong C, Nguyen T, Romiyo P, Gaonkar B, Yong WH, Kaprealian TB, Tenn S, Lee P, Yang I. Timing of adjuvant radiation therapy and survival outcomes after surgical resection of intracranial non-small cell lung cancer metastases. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2019; 183:105389. [PMID: 31280101 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2019.105389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate if delay of adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) beyond 6 post-operative weeks affects survival outcomes in patients undergoing craniotomy or craniectomy for resection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) intracranial metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 28 patients undergoing resection of intracranial metastases and ART at our institution from 2001 to 2016. We assessed survival outcomes for patients who received delayed versus non-delayed ART, as well as associated risk factors. RESULTS Among 28 patients, 8 (29%) had delayed ART beyond 6 post-operative weeks. Fifteen received stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT), 8 (29%) received whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT), and 5 (18%) received combination WBRT + SRT. There were no significant differences in ART modality or dosing, age, sex, number of intracranial metastases, primary metastasis volume, rates of chemotherapy, extracranial metastases, or post-operative functional scores between groups. Expected post-operative survival was shorter with delayed ART (7 months versus 28 months, P = 0.01). The most common reason for delayed ART was complicated post-operative course (n = 3.38%). Significant risk factors for delayed ART included non-routine discharge (P = 0.01) and additional invasive procedures between surgery and ART start date (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest delayed ART in patients undergoing surgical resection of intracranial NSCLC metastases is associated with shorter overall survival. However, risk factors for delayed ART, including non-routine discharge and the need for additional invasive procedures, may have in themselves reflected poorer clinical courses that may have also contributed to the observed survival differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John P Sheppard
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Giyarpuram N Prashant
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Cheng Hao Jacky Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Sophie Peeters
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Carlito Lagman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Vera Ong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Methma Udawatta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Courtney Duong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Thien Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Prasanth Romiyo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Bilwaj Gaonkar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - William H Yong
- Department of Pathology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Tania B Kaprealian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Stephen Tenn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Percy Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Isaac Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Department of Radiation Oncology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Department of UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Department of Neurosurgery Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States; Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jacky Chen CH, Nguyen T, Udawatta M, Duong C, Romiyo P, Sheppard JP, Gopen Q, Yang I. Clinical Assessment of Patients with Bilateral Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence. World Neurosurg 2019; 126:e1549-e1552. [PMID: 30928582 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.03.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is caused by a deformity in the arcuate eminence, leading to various vestibular and auditory symptoms that can manifest unilaterally or bilaterally. The aim of the present study was to distinguish the differences in symptoms, treatment options, and outcomes between patients with unilateral and bilateral SSCD. METHODS A retrospective medical record analysis was conducted to identify patients with SSCD treated at a tertiary care center from March 2011 to May 2017. The patient demographic data, preoperative symptom presentation, and postoperative outcomes were extracted. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics. Fisher's exact tests were computed to investigate the relationships between binary variables, with a significance level of P < 0.05. RESULTS A total of 99 patients with SSCD had been treated at our institution from March 2011 to May 2017. Of these 99 patients, 41 (41.4%) had a diagnosis of bilateral SSCD. Of the 41 patients with bilateral SSCD, 27 (65.9%) were women, and the mean age was 53.6 ± 10.9 years (range, 31.7-73.9). The most common presenting symptom was tinnitus (n = 33; 80.4%) and dizziness (n = 33; 80.4%). Previous trauma to the head correlated with a bilateral SSCD presentation (P = 0.04). Trends were reported between female sex and bilateral SSCD [r(35) = 0.32379; P = 0.0506]. Postoperatively, trends were also found, with greater rates of dizziness in patients with bilateral SSCD compared with those with unilateral SSCD (odds ratio, 3.81; P = 0.0659), and less improvement in dizziness (odds ratio, 0.186; P = 0.0627). No other significant differences were found between the symptoms or clinical outcomes and improvements between the bilateral and unilateral cohorts. CONCLUSION Bilateral SSCD might result in different clinical symptoms that are more prevalent compared with unilateral SSCD. The findings from the present series of patients with bilateral SSCD suggest that patient symptoms and history are important in the diagnosis of bilateral SSCD and deciding whether 1 or both dehiscences requires surgical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Hao Jacky Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Thien Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Methma Udawatta
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Courtney Duong
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Prasanth Romiyo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - John P Sheppard
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Quinton Gopen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Isaac Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA; Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lagman C, Nagasawa DT, Sheppard JP, Jacky Chen CH, Nguyen T, Prashant GN, Niu T, Tucker AM, Kim W, Pouratian N, Kaldas FM, Busuttil RW, Yang I. End-Stage Liver Disease in Patients with Intracranial Hemorrhage Is Associated with Increased Mortality: A Cohort Study. World Neurosurg 2018; 113:e320-e327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
7
|
Lagman C, Beckett JS, Chung LK, Chen CHJ, Voth BL, Gaonkar B, Gopen Q, Yang I. Novel Method of Measuring Canal Dehiscence and Evaluation of its Potential as a Predictor of Symptom Outcomes After Middle Fossa Craniotomy. Neurosurgery 2017; 83:459-464. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyx430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is an osseous defect of the arcuate eminence of the petrous temporal bone. Strategies for measuring dehiscence size are variable, and the usefulness of such parameters remains in clinical equipoise.
OBJECTIVE
To present a novel method of measuring dehiscence volume and to evaluate its potential as a predictor of symptom outcomes after surgical repair of SSCD.
METHODS
High-resolution computed tomographic temporal bone images were imported into a freely available segmentation software. Dehiscence lengths and volumes were ascertained by independent authors. Inter-rater observer reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to evaluate for relationships between dehiscence size and symptoms (pre- and post-operative).
RESULTS
Thirty-seven dehiscences were segmented using the novel volumetric assessment. Cronbach's alpha for dehiscence lengths and volumes were 0.97 and 0.95, respectively. Dehiscence lengths were more variable as compared to dehiscence volumes (σ2 8.92 vs σ2 0.55, F = 1.74). The mean dehiscence volume was 2.22 mm3 (0.74, 0.64-0.53 mm3). Dehiscence volume and headache at presentation were positively correlated (Rpb = 0.67, P = .03). Dehiscence volume and vertigo improvement after surgery were positively correlated, although this did not reach statistical significance (Rpb = 0.46, P = .21).
CONCLUSION
SSCD volumetry is a novel method of measuring dehiscence size that has excellent inter-rater reliability and is less variable compared to dehiscence length, but its potential as a predictor of symptom outcomes is not substantiated. However, the study is limited by low power.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlito Lagman
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
| | - Joel S Beckett
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
| | - Lawrance K Chung
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
| | - Cheng Hao Jacky Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
| | - Brittany L Voth
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
| | - Bilwaj Gaonkar
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
| | - Quinton Gopen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
| | - Isaac Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bui TT, Nagasawa DT, Lagman C, Jacky Chen CH, Chung LK, Voth BL, Beckett JS, Tucker AM, Niu T, Gaonkar B, Yang I, Macyszyn L. Isolated Transverse Process Fractures and Markers of Associated Injuries: The Experience at University of California, Los Angeles. World Neurosurg 2017; 104:82-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.04.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
9
|
Beckett JS, Chung LK, Lagman C, Voth BL, Jacky Chen CH, Gaonkar B, Gopen Q, Yang I. A Method of Locating the Dehiscence during Middle Fossa Approach for Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Surgery. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2017; 78:353-358. [PMID: 28725523 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) results from a defect in the middle cranial fossa floor. One challenge during SSCD repair is the lack of a consistent landmark. This study proposes a reference point above the external auditory canal at the level of the zygoma as the inferior craniectomy edge during surgery. Design This is a retrospective review of patients with SSCD. Setting/Participants A total of 72 cases of SSCD in 60 patients were repaired via a middle fossa approach at a single institution. Main Outcome Measures The distance from the proposed reference point to the dehiscence was statistically analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk's goodness-of-fit test and Student's t -test. Results Average distance for all patients was 28.84 ± 2.22 mm (range: 22.96-33.43). Average distance for females was 29.08 mm (range: 24.56-33.43) versus 28.26 mm (range: 22.96-32.36) for males. There was no difference in distance by sex ( p = 0.174). The distance measurements followed a normal distribution with 95% of the patients between 24.49 and 33.10 mm. Conclusion This study analyzed a potential reference point during a middle fossa approach for SSCD surgery. The distance from this reference point to the SSCD was found to be consistent and may serve as a readily identifiable landmark in localizing the dehiscence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel S Beckett
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Lawrance K Chung
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Carlito Lagman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Brittany L Voth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Cheng Hao Jacky Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Bilwaj Gaonkar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Quinton Gopen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Isaac Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chung LK, Mathur I, Lagman C, Bui TT, Lee SJ, Voth BL, Chen CHJ, Barnette NE, Spasic M, Pouratian N, Lee P, Selch M, Chin R, Kaprealian T, Gopen Q, Yang I. Stereotactic radiosurgery versus fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy in benign meningioma. J Clin Neurosci 2017; 36:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
11
|
Nguyen T, Lagman C, Chung LK, Chen CHJ, Poon J, Ong V, Voth BL, Yang I. Insights into CCL21's roles in immunosurveillance and immunotherapy for gliomas. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 305:29-34. [PMID: 28284342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Chemokine (C-C) motif ligand 21 (CCL21) is involved in immunosurveillance and has recently garnered the attention of neuro-oncologists and neuroscientists. CCL21 contains an extended C-terminus, which increases binding to lymphatic glycosaminoglycans and provides a mechanism for cell trafficking by forming a stationary chemokine concentration gradient that allows cell migration via haptotaxis. CCL21 is expressed by endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier in physiologic and pathologic conditions. CCL21 has also been implicated in leukocyte extravasation into the central nervous system. In this review, we summarize the role of CCL21 in immunosurveillance and explore its potential as an immunotherapeutic agent for the treatment of gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thien Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Carlito Lagman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lawrance K Chung
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Cheng Hao Jacky Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Poon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Vera Ong
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Brittany L Voth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Isaac Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee SJ, Bui TT, Chen CHJ, Lagman C, Chung LK, Sidhu S, Seo DJ, Yong WH, Siegal TL, Kim M, Yang I. Central Neurocytoma: A Review of Clinical Management and Histopathologic Features. Brain Tumor Res Treat 2016; 4:49-57. [PMID: 27867912 PMCID: PMC5114192 DOI: 10.14791/btrt.2016.4.2.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Central neurocytoma (CN) is a rare, benign brain tumor often located in the lateral ventricles. CN may cause obstructive hydrocephalus and manifest as signs of increased intracranial pressure. The goal of treatment for CN is a gross total resection (GTR), which often yields excellent prognosis with a very high rate of tumor control and survival. Adjuvant radiosurgery and radiotherapy may be considered to improve tumor control when GTR cannot be achieved. Chemotherapy is also not considered a primary treatment, but has been used as a salvage therapy. The radiological features of CN are indistinguishable from those of other brain tumors; therefore, many histological markers, such as synaptophysin, can be very useful for diagnosing CNs. Furthermore, the MIB-1 Labeling Index seems to be correlated with the prognosis of CN. We also discuss oncogenes associated with these elusive tumors. Further studies may improve our ability to accurately diagnose CNs and to design the optimal treatment regimens for patients with CNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung J Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy T Bui
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cheng Hao Jacky Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carlito Lagman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lawrance K Chung
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sabrin Sidhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David J Seo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Todd L Siegal
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Minsu Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Isaac Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|