1
|
Imashiro C, Jin Y, Hayama M, Yamada TG, Funahashi A, Sakaguchi K, Umezu S, Komotori J. Titanium Culture Vessel Presenting Temperature Gradation for the Thermotolerance Estimation of Cells. Cyborg Bionic Syst 2023; 4:0049. [PMID: 37554432 PMCID: PMC10405790 DOI: 10.34133/cbsystems.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia can be induced to exploit the thermal intolerance of cancer cells, which is worse than that of normal cells, as a potential noninvasive cancer treatment. To develop an effective hyperthermia treatment, thermal cytotoxicity of cells should be comprehensively investigated. However, to conduct such investigations, the culture temperature must be accurately regulated. We previously reported a culture system in which the culture temperature could be accurately regulated by employing metallic culture vessels. However, appropriate temperature conditions for hyperthermia depend on the cell species. Consequently, several experiments need to be conducted, which is a bottleneck of inducing hyperthermia. Hence, we developed a cell culture system with temperature gradation on a metallic culture surface. Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 cells and normal human dermal fibroblasts were used as cancer and normal cell models, respectively. Normal cells showed stronger thermal tolerance; this was because the novel system immediately exhibited a temperature gradation. Thus, the developed culture system can be used to investigate the optimum thermal conditions for effective hyperthermia treatment. Furthermore, as the reactions of cultured cells can be effectively assessed with the present results, further research involving the thermal stimulation of cells is possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chikahiro Imashiro
- Graduate School of Engineering,
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-0061, Japan
| | - Yangyan Jin
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology,
Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-0061, Japan
| | - Motoaki Hayama
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology,
Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-0061, Japan
| | - Takahiro G. Yamada
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics,
Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-0061, Japan
| | - Akira Funahashi
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics,
Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-0061, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Sakaguchi
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering,
Waseda University, TWIns, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Umezu
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering,
Waseda University, TWIns, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
- Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering,
Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Jun Komotori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-0061, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Imashiro C, Morikura T, Hayama M, Ezura A, Komotori J, Miyata S, Sakaguchi K, Shimizu T. Metallic Vessel with Mesh Culture Surface Fabricated Using Three-dimensional Printing Engineers Tissue Culture Environment. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-022-0227-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
3
|
Imashiro C, Mei J, Friend J, Takemura K. Quantifying cell adhesion through forces generated by acoustic streaming. Ultrason Sonochem 2022; 90:106204. [PMID: 36257212 PMCID: PMC9583098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The strength of cell adhesion is important in understanding the cell's health and in culturing them. Quantitative measurement of cell adhesion strength is a significant challenge in bioengineering research. For this, the present study describes a system that can measure cell adhesion strength using acoustic streaming induced by Lamb waves. Cells are cultured on an ultrasound transducer using a range of preculture and incubation times with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) just before the measurement. Acoustic streaming is then induced using several Lamb wave intensities, exposing the cells to shear flows and eventually detaching them. By relying upon a median detachment rate of 50 %, the corresponding detachment force, or force of cell adhesion, was determined to be on the order of several nN, consistent with previous reports. The stronger the induced shear flow, the more cells were detached. Further, we employed a preculture time of 8 to 24 h and a PBS incubation time of 0 to 60 min, producing cell adhesion forces that varied from 1.2 to 13 nN. Hence, the developed system can quantify cell adhesion strength over a wide range, possibly offering a fundamental tool for cell-based bioengineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chikahiro Imashiro
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Jiyang Mei
- Medically Advanced Devices Laboratory, Center for Medical Devices, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - James Friend
- Medically Advanced Devices Laboratory, Center for Medical Devices, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Imashiro C, Kang B, Lee Y, Hwang YH, Im S, Kim DE, Takemura K, Lee H. Propagating acoustic waves on a culture substrate regulate the directional collective cell migration. Microsyst Nanoeng 2021; 7:90. [PMID: 34786204 PMCID: PMC8581020 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Collective cell migration plays a critical role in physiological and pathological processes such as development, wound healing, and metastasis. Numerous studies have demonstrated how various types of chemical, mechanical, and electrical cues dictate the collective migratory behaviors of cells. Although an acoustic cue can be advantageous because of its noninvasiveness and biocompatibility, cell migration in response to acoustic stimulation remains poorly understood. In this study, we developed a device that is able to apply surface acoustic waves to a cell culture substrate and investigated the effect of propagating acoustic waves on collective cell migration. The migration distance estimated at various wave intensities revealed that unidirectional cell migration was enhanced at a critical wave intensity and that it was suppressed as the intensity was further increased. The increased migration might be attributable to cell orientation alignment along the direction of the propagating wave, as characterized by nucleus shape. Thicker actin bundles indicative of a high traction force were observed in cells subjected to propagating acoustic waves at the critical intensity. Our device and technique can be useful for regulating cellular functions associated with cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chikahiro Imashiro
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Shinjuku, Japan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Byungjun Kang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunam Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn-Hoo Hwang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonghun Im
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae-Eun Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hyungsuk Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Imashiro C, Takeshita H, Morikura T, Miyata S, Takemura K, Komotori J. Development of accurate temperature regulation culture system with metallic culture vessel demonstrates different thermal cytotoxicity in cancer and normal cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21466. [PMID: 34728686 PMCID: PMC8563756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia has been studied as a noninvasive cancer treatment. Cancer cells show stronger thermal cytotoxicity than normal cells, which is exploited in hyperthermia. However, the absence of methods evaluating the thermal cytotoxicity in cells prevents the development of hyperthermia. To investigate the thermal cytotoxicity, culture temperature should be regulated. We, thus, developed a culture system regulating culture temperature immediately and accurately by employing metallic culture vessels. Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 cells and normal human dermal fibroblasts were used for models of cancer and normal cells. The findings showed cancer cells showed stronger thermal cytotoxicity than normal cells, which is quantitatively different from previous reports. This difference might be due to regulated culture temperature. The thermal stimulus condition (43 °C/30 min) was, further, focused for assays. The mRNA expression involving apoptosis changed dramatically in cancer cells, indicating the strong apoptotic trend. In contrast, the mRNA expression of heat shock protein (HSP) of normal cells upon the thermal stimulus was stronger than cancer cells. Furthermore, exclusively in normal cells, HSP localization to nucleus was confirmed. These movement of HSP confer thermotolerance to cells, which is consistent with the different thermal cytotoxicity between cancer and normal cells. In summary, our developed system can be used to develop hyperthermia treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chikahiro Imashiro
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Haruka Takeshita
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Morikura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shogo Miyata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Jun Komotori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Imashiro C, Yamasaki K, Tanaka RI, Tobe Y, Sakaguchi K, Shimizu T. Perfusable System Using Porous Collagen Gel Scaffold Actively Provides Fresh Culture Media to a Cultured 3D Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6780. [PMID: 34202572 PMCID: PMC8269041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Culturing three-dimensional (3D) tissues with an appropriate microenvironment is a critical and fundamental technology in broad areas of cutting-edge bioengineering research. In addition, many technologies have engineered tissue functions. However, an effective system for transporting nutrients, waste, or oxygen to affect the functions of cell tissues has not been reported. In this study, we introduce a novel system that employs diffusion and convection to enhance transportation. To demonstrate the concept of the proposed system, three layers of normal human dermal fibroblast cell sheets are used as a model tissue, which is cultured on a general dish or porous collagen scaffold with perfusable channels for three days with and without the perfusion of culture media in the scaffold. The results show that the viability of the cell tissue was improved by the developed system. Furthermore, glucose consumption, lactate production, and oxygen transport to the tissues were increased, which might improve the viability of tissues. However, mechanical stress in the proposed system did not cause damage or unintentional functional changes in the cultured tissue. We believe that the introduced culturing system potentially suggests a novel standard for 3D cell cultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chikahiro Imashiro
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, TWIns, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; (C.I.); (R.-i.T.); (T.S.)
| | - Kai Yamasaki
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, TWIns, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan;
| | - Ryu-ichiro Tanaka
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, TWIns, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; (C.I.); (R.-i.T.); (T.S.)
| | - Yusuke Tobe
- School of Creative Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, TWIns, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan;
| | - Katsuhisa Sakaguchi
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, TWIns, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan;
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, TWIns, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; (C.I.); (R.-i.T.); (T.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Imashiro C, Azuma T, Itai S, Kuribara T, Totani K, Onoe H, Takemura K. Travelling ultrasound promotes vasculogenesis of three-dimensional-monocultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3760-3769. [PMID: 34110012 PMCID: PMC8518538 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To generate three‐dimensional tissue in vitro, promoting vasculogenesis in cell aggregates is an important factor. Here, we found that ultrasound promoted vasculogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Promotion of HUVEC network formation and lumen formation were observed using our method. In addition to morphological evaluations, protein expression was quantified by western blot assays. As a result, expression of proteins related to vasculogenesis and the response to mechanical stress on cells was enhanced by exposure to ultrasound. Although several previous studies have shown that ultrasound may promote vasculogenesis, the effect of ultrasound was unclear because of unregulated ultrasound, the complex culture environment, or two‐dimensional‐cultured HUVECs that cannot form a lumen structure. In this study, regulated ultrasound was propagated on three‐dimensional‐monocultured HUVECs, which clarified the effect of ultrasound on vasculogenesis. We believe this finding may be an innovation in the tissue engineering field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chikahiro Imashiro
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Shinjuku-ku, Japan.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Kohoku-ku, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Azuma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Kohoku-ku, Japan
| | - Shun Itai
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kohoku-ku, Japan
| | - Taiki Kuribara
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Tokyo, Musashino-shi, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Totani
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Tokyo, Musashino-shi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Onoe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Kohoku-ku, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Kohoku-ku, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Oyama T, Imashiro C, Kuriyama T, Usui H, Ando K, Azuma T, Morikawa A, Kodeki K, Takahara O, Takemura K. Acoustic streaming induced by MHz-frequency ultrasound extends the volume limit of cell suspension culture. J Acoust Soc Am 2021; 149:4180. [PMID: 34241472 DOI: 10.1121/10.0005197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale cell suspension culture technology opens up opportunities for numerous medical and bioengineering applications. For these purposes, scale-up of the culture system is paramount. For initial small-scale culture, a simple static suspension culture (SSC) is generally employed. However, cell sedimentation due to the lack of agitation limits the culture volume feasible for SSC. Thus, when scaling up, cell suspensions must be manually transferred from the culture flask to another vessel suitable for agitation, which increases the risk of contamination and human error. Ideally, the number of culture transfer steps should be kept to a minimum. The present study describes the fabrication of an ultrasonic suspension culture system that stirs cell suspensions with the use of acoustic streaming generated by ultrasound irradiation at a MHz frequency. This system was applied to 100-mL suspension cultures of Chinese hamster ovary cells-a volume ten-fold larger than that generally used. The cell proliferation rate in this system was 1.88/day when applying an input voltage of 40 V to the ultrasonic transducer, while that of the SSC was 1.14/day. Hence, the proposed method can extend the volume limit of static cell suspension cultures, thereby reducing the number of cell culture transfer steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taigo Oyama
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Chikahiro Imashiro
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Takuma Kuriyama
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Hidehisa Usui
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Keita Ando
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Azuma
- Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, 8-1-1 Tsukaguchi Honcho, Amagasaki, Hyogo 661-8661, Japan
| | - Akira Morikawa
- Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, 8-1-1 Tsukaguchi Honcho, Amagasaki, Hyogo 661-8661, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Kodeki
- Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, 8-1-1 Tsukaguchi Honcho, Amagasaki, Hyogo 661-8661, Japan
| | - Osamu Takahara
- Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, 8-1-1 Tsukaguchi Honcho, Amagasaki, Hyogo 661-8661, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Inui T, Mei J, Imashiro C, Kurashina Y, Friend J, Takemura K. Focused surface acoustic wave locally removes cells from culture surface. Lab Chip 2021; 21:1299-1306. [PMID: 33734243 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01293a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine and drug development require large numbers of high-quality cells, usually delivered from in vitro culturing. During culturing, the appearance of unwanted cells and an inability to remove them without damaging or losing most if not all the surrounding cells in the culture reduce the overall quality of the cultured cells. This is a key problem in cell culturing, as is the inability to sample cells from a culture as desired to verify the quality of the culture. Here, we report a method to locally remove cells from an adherent cell culture using a 100.4 MHz focused surface acoustic wave (SAW) device. After exposing a plated C2C12 mouse myoblast cell culture to phosphate buffered solution (PBS), ultrasound from the SAW device transmitted into the cell culture via a coupling water droplet serves to detach a small grouping of cells. The cells are removed from an area 6 × 10-3 mm2, equivalent to about 12 cells, using a SAW device-Petri dish water gap of 1.5 mm, a PBS immersion time of 300 s, and an input voltage of 75 V to the SAW device. Cells were released as desired 90% of the time, releasing the cells from the target area nine times out of ten runs. In the one trial in ten that fails, the cells partially release and remain attached due to inter-cellular binding. By making it possible to target and remove small groups of cells as desired, the quality of cell culturing may be significantly improved. The small group of cells may be considered a colony of iPS cells. This targeted cell removal method may facilitate sustainable, contamination-free, and automated refinement of cultured cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Inui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Imashiro C, Shimizu T. Fundamental Technologies and Recent Advances of Cell-Sheet-Based Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E425. [PMID: 33401626 PMCID: PMC7795487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering has attracted significant attention since the 1980s, and the applications of tissue engineering have been expanding. To produce a cell-dense tissue, cell sheet technology has been studied as a promising strategy. Fundamental techniques involving tissue engineering are mainly introduced in this review. First, the technologies to fabricate a cell sheet were reviewed. Although temperature-responsive polymer-based technique was a trigger to establish and spread cell sheet technology, other methodologies for cell sheet fabrication have also been reported. Second, the methods to improve the function of the cell sheet were investigated. Adding electrical and mechanical stimulation on muscle-type cells, building 3D structures, and co-culturing with other cell species can be possible strategies for imitating the physiological situation under in vitro conditions, resulting in improved functions. Finally, culture methods to promote vasculogenesis in the layered cell sheets were introduced with in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro bioreactors. We believe the present review that shows and compares the fundamental technologies and recent advances for cell-sheet-based tissue engineering should promote further development of tissue engineering. The development of cell sheet technology should promote many bioengineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kuriyama T, Fukuma Y, Imashiro C, Kabayama K, Kurashina Y, Takemura K. Detachment of RAW264.7 macrophages from a culture dish using ultrasound excited by a Langevin transducer. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 131:320-325. [PMID: 33250410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To study the relationship between macrophages and antigens, an efficient culture method for macrophages is important. During culture, macrophages adhering to the culture surface are difficult to harvest by general trypsinization. Thus, prolonged trypsinization or cell scraping has been used to detach macrophages. However, prolonged trypsinization has a negative effect on cell viability, and the detachment efficiency with cell scrapers depends highly on the skill of a technician. Therefore, we developed a macrophage-detaching method by combining trypsin-EDTA and ultrasonic vibration to detach cells from a ubiquitous culture vessel. We fabricated a device that propagated ultrasound to a φ-35-mm culture dish from underneath. To demonstrate our concept, RAW264.7 cells were used as model cells and exposed to several detaching conditions to evaluate the effects of our developed method. In addition to the proposed method, as traditional detaching methods, simple trypsinization with trypsin-EDTA and manual cell scraping were performed. Furthermore, to determine the optimal intensity of the ultrasound, input voltages into the ultrasound transducer of 200, 225, and 250 V were used. As a result, the number of live cells detached by the developed method with an input amplitude of 225 V was approximately 4.8 times more than that by simple trypsinization and approximately 4.3 times more than that by scraping. Furthermore, the proliferation and phagocytosis level of the cells were increased by the developed method at 225 V, while no significant difference was found in metabolism. Thus, the developed method improves culture efficiency and cell functions without causing metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Kuriyama
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuma
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Chikahiro Imashiro
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, TWIns, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yuta Kurashina
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan; School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Enomoto U, Imashiro C, Takemura K. Collective cell migration of fibroblasts is affected by horizontal vibration of the cell culture dish. Eng Life Sci 2020; 20:402-411. [PMID: 32944015 PMCID: PMC7481772 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202000013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulating the collective migration of cells is an important issue in bioengineering. Enhancing or suppressing cell migration and controlling the migration direction is useful for various physiological phenomena such as wound healing. Several methods of migration regulation based on different mechanical stimuli have been reported. While vibrational stimuli, such as sound waves, show promise for regulating migration, the effect of the vibration direction on collective cell migration has not been studied in depth. Therefore, we fabricated a vibrating system that can apply horizontal vibration to a cell culture dish. Here, we evaluated the effect of the vibration direction on the collective migration of fibroblasts in a wound model comprising two culture areas separated by a gap. Results showed that the vibration direction affects the cell migration distance: vibration orthogonal to the gap enhances the collective cell migration distance while vibration parallel to the gap suppresses it. Results also showed that conditions leading to enhanced migration distance were also associated with elevated glucose consumption. Furthermore, under conditions promoting cell migration, the cell nuclei become elongated and oriented orthogonal to the gap. In contrast, under conditions that reduce the migration distance, cell nuclei were oriented to the direction parallel to the gap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umi Enomoto
- School of Science for Open and Environmental SystemsGraduate School of Science and TechnologyKeio UniversityYokohamaKanagawaJapan
| | - Chikahiro Imashiro
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKeio UniversityYokohamaKanagawaJapan
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and ScienceTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKeio UniversityYokohamaKanagawaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fukuma Y, Inui T, Imashiro C, Kurashina Y, Takemura K. Homogenization of initial cell distribution by secondary flow of medium improves cell culture efficiency. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235827. [PMID: 32667933 PMCID: PMC7983807 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Homogenization of the initial cell distribution is essential for effective cell
development. However, there are few previous reports on efficient cell seeding
methods, even though the initial cell distribution has a large effect on cell
proliferation. Dense cell regions have an inverse impact on cell development,
known as contact inhibition. In this study, we developed a method to homogenize
the cell seeding density using secondary flow, or Ekman transportation, induced
by orbital movement of the culture dish. We developed an orbital shaker device
that can stir the medium in a 35-mm culture dish by shaking the dish along a
circular orbit with 2 mm of eccentricity. The distribution of cells in the
culture dish can be controlled by the rotational speed of the orbital shaker,
enabling dispersion of the initial cell distribution. The experimental results
indicated that the cell density became most homogeneous at 61 rpm. We further
evaluated the cell proliferation after homogenization of the initial cell
density at 61 rpm. The results revealed 36% higher proliferation for the stirred
samples compared with the non-stirred control samples. The present findings
indicate that homogenization of the initial cell density by Ekman transportation
contributes to the achievement of higher cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fukuma
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of
Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa,
Japan
| | - Takumi Inui
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of
Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa,
Japan
| | - Chikahiro Imashiro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology,
Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women’s
Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Kurashina
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and
Chemical Technology, Tokyo institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa,
Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology,
Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Anggayasti WL, Imashiro C, Kuribara T, Totani K, Takemura K. Low-frequency mechanical vibration induces apoptosis of A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells. Eng Life Sci 2020; 20:232-238. [PMID: 32647502 PMCID: PMC7336151 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201900154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer research is increasingly focused on discovering strategies to induce cancer cell apoptosis without affecting surrounding normal cells. One potential biocompatible method is mechanical vibration, which has been developed as part of the emerging field of mechanomedicine. Previous studies of mechanical vibration have employed high-frequency vibration, which damages healthy cells. In this study, we examined the effects of brief (1 h) low-frequency (20 Hz) mechanical vibration on glucose consumption and survival (apoptosis, necrosis, HMGB1 release) of the human epidermoid carcinoma cell line A431. We found that apoptosis, but not necrosis, was significantly increased at 48 h after mechanical vibration compared with cells maintained in static culture. In keeping with this, extracellular release of HMGB1, a necrosis marker, was lower in cultures of A431 cells subjected to mechanical vibration compared with control cells. Glucose consumption was increased in the first 24 h after mechanical vibration but returned to control levels before the onset of apoptosis. Although the precise intracellular mechanisms by which low-frequency mechanical vibration triggers apoptosis of A431 cells is unknown, these results suggest a possible role for metabolic pathways. Mechanical vibration may thus represent a novel application of mechanomedicine to cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wresti L. Anggayasti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringBrawijaya UniversityMalangIndonesia
| | - Chikahiro Imashiro
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKeio UniversityYokohamaKanagawaJapan
| | - Taiki Kuribara
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and TechnologySeikei UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Kiichiro Totani
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and TechnologySeikei UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringKeio UniversityYokohamaKanagawaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Imashiro C, Hirano M, Morikura T, Fukuma Y, Ohnuma K, Kurashina Y, Miyata S, Takemura K. Detachment of cell sheets from clinically ubiquitous cell culture vessels by ultrasonic vibration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9468. [PMID: 32528073 PMCID: PMC7289836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteinases that digest the extracellular matrix are usually used to harvest cells from culture vessels in a general culture process, which lowers the initial adhesion rate in regenerative medicine. Cell sheet engineering is one of the most important technologies in this field, especially for transplantation, because fabricated cell sheets have rich extracellular matrixes providing strong initial adhesion. Current cell sheet fabrication relies on temperature-responsive polymer-coated dishes. Cells are cultured on such specialized dishes and subjected to low temperature. Thus, we developed a simple but versatile cell sheet fabrication method using ubiquitous culture dishes/flasks without any coating or temperature modulation. Confluent mouse myoblasts (C2C12 cell line) were exposed to ultrasonic vibration from underneath and detached as cell sheets from entire culture surfaces. Because of the absence of low temperature, cell metabolism was statically increased compared with the conventional method. Furthermore, viability, morphology, protein expression, and mRNA expression were normal. These analyses indicated no side effects of ultrasonic vibration exposure. Therefore, this novel method may become the standard for cell sheet fabrication. Our method can be easily conducted following a general culture procedure with a typical dish/flask, making cell sheets more accessible to medical experts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chikahiro Imashiro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.,Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, TWIns, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirano
- Department of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1 Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Morikura
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuma
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ohnuma
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan.,Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Yuta Kurashina
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Shogo Miyata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kurashina Y, Imashiro C, Hirano M, Kuribara T, Totani K, Ohnuma K, Friend J, Takemura K. Enzyme-free release of adhered cells from standard culture dishes using intermittent ultrasonic traveling waves. Commun Biol 2019; 2:393. [PMID: 31701022 PMCID: PMC6820801 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0638-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell detachment is essential in culturing adherent cells. Trypsinization is the most popular detachment technique, even though it reduces viability due to the damage to the membrane and extracellular matrix. Avoiding such damage would improve cell culture efficiency. Here we propose an enzyme-free cell detachment method that employs the acoustic pressure, sloshing in serum-free medium from intermittent traveling wave. This method detaches 96.2% of the cells, and increases its transfer yield to 130% of conventional methods for 48 h, compared to the number of cells detached by trypsinization. We show the elimination of trypsinization reduces cell damage, improving the survival of the detached cells. Acoustic pressure applied to the cells and media sloshing from the intermittent traveling wave were identified as the most important factors leading to cell detachment. This proposed method will improve biopharmaceutical production by expediting the amplification of tissue-cultured cells through a more efficient transfer process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kurashina
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522 Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503 Japan
| | - Chikahiro Imashiro
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522 Japan
| | - Makoto Hirano
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji Kitamachi, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8633 Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women’s University, 6-13-1 Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, 731-0153 Japan
| | - Taiki Kuribara
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji Kitamachi, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8633 Japan
| | - Kiichiro Totani
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji Kitamachi, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8633 Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ohnuma
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188 Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188 Japan
| | - James Friend
- Center for Medical Devices and Instrumentation, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093 USA
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tauchi H, Imashiro C, Kuribara T, Fujii G, Kurashina Y, Totani K, Takemura K. Effective and Intact Cell Detachment from a Clinically Ubiquitous Culture Flask by Combining Ultrasonic Wave Exposure and Diluted Trypsin. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-018-0491-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
18
|
Inui T, Kurashina Y, Imashiro C, Takemura K. Method of localized removal of cells using a bolt-clamped Langevin transducer with an ultrasonic horn. Eng Life Sci 2019; 19:575-583. [PMID: 32625033 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201800173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell isolation by eliminating undesirable cell aggregations or colonies with low activity is essential to improve cell culture efficiency. Moreover, when creating tissues from induced pluripotent stem cells, residual undifferentiated cells must be removed to prevent tumor formation in vivo. Here, we evaluated the use of ultrasonic irradiation, which can apply energy locally without contact, and proposed a method to eliminate cells in a small area of culture by ultrasonic irradiation from a Langevin transducer. We constructed a device that incorporated a bolt-clamped 19.84 kHz Langevin transducer with an ultrasonic horn and determined the optimal conditions for stable elimination of cells in small areas of a 35-mm culture dish. The optimal conditions were as follows: number of cycles = 400, clearance distance = 1 mm, volume of medium = 4 mL, and distance from the center of culture surface = 0 mm. The mean cell elimination area under these conditions was 0.097 mm2. We also evaluated the viability of neighboring cells after ultrasonic irradiation by fluorescent staining and found that most cells around the elimination area survived. These findings suggest that the proposed method has potential for localized elimination of cells without the need for contact with the cell surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Inui
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems Graduate School of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Japan
| | - Yuta Kurashina
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Japan.,School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
| | - Chikahiro Imashiro
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems Graduate School of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nakao M, Imashiro C, Kuribara T, Kurashina Y, Totani K, Takemura K. Formation of Large Scaffold-Free 3-D Aggregates in a Cell Culture Dish by Ultrasound Standing Wave Trapping. Ultrasound Med Biol 2019; 45:1306-1315. [PMID: 30799124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular aggregates that mimic cell-cell interactions in vitro are essential for biological research. This study introduces a method to form large scaffold-free 3-D aggregates in a clinically ubiquitous cell culture dish using kilohertz-order ultrasound standing wave trapping (USWT). We fabricated an aggregate formation system in which a 60-mm dish was set above a Langevin transducer via water. The transducer was excited at 110.8 kHz, and then C2C12 myoblasts were injected into the dish and trapped at the node position of the standing wave. The diameter and thickness of the formed aggregate were 8 and 2.7 mm, respectively, which are larger than those of aggregates formed previously by USWT. Moreover, we confirmed that >94% of cells constituting the aggregates survived 9 h, and the protein expression of cells was not altered significantly. This method can be applied to form aggregates with high functionality, which contributes to the development of biological research methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misa Nakao
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chikahiro Imashiro
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taiki Kuribara
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Kurashina
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan 226-8503; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Totani
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Imashiro C, Kurashina Y, Kuribara T, Hirano M, Totani K, Takemura K. Cell Patterning Method on a Clinically Ubiquitous Culture Dish Using Acoustic Pressure Generated From Resonance Vibration of a Disk-Shaped Ultrasonic Transducer. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2018; 66:111-118. [PMID: 29993416 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2018.2835834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cell patterning methods have been previously reported for cell culture. However, these methods use inclusions or devices that are not used in general cell culture and that might affect cell functionality. Here, we report a cell patterning method that can be conducted on a general cell culture dish without any inclusions by employing a resonance vibration of a disk-shaped ultrasonic transducer located under the dish. A resonance vibration with a single nodal circle patterned C2C12 myoblasts into a circular shape on the dish with 10-min exposure of the vibration with maximum peak-peak amplitude of 10 μm[Formula: see text]. Furthermore, the relationship between the amplitude distribution of the transducer and the cell density in the patterned sample could be expressed as a linear function, and there was a clear threshold of amplitude for cell adhesion. To evaluate the cell function of the patterned cells, we conducted proliferation and protein assays at 120-h culture after patterning. Our results showed that the cell proliferation rate did not decrease and the expression of cellular proteins was unchanged. Thus, we conclude, this method can successfully pattern cells in the clinically ubiquitous culture dish, while maintaining cell functionality.
Collapse
|
21
|
Kurashina Y, Hirano M, Imashiro C, Totani K, Komotori J, Takemura K. Cover Image, Volume 114, Number 10, October 2017. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kurashina
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Keio University; Yokohama Japan
| | - Makoto Hirano
- Department of Materials and Life Science; Faculty of Science and Technology; Seikei University; Tokyo Japan
- Department of Pharmacy; Yasuda Women's University; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Chikahiro Imashiro
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems; Graduate School of Science and Technology; Keio University; Yokohama Japan
| | - Kiichiro Totani
- Department of Materials and Life Science; Faculty of Science and Technology; Seikei University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Jun Komotori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Faculty of Science and Technology; Keio University; 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku Yokohama 223-8522 Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Faculty of Science and Technology; Keio University; 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku Yokohama 223-8522 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kurashina Y, Hirano M, Imashiro C, Totani K, Komotori J, Takemura K. Enzyme-free cell detachment mediated by resonance vibration with temperature modulation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017. [PMID: 28627736 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cell detachment is an essential process in adherent cell culture. However, trypsinization, which is the most popular detachment technique used in culture, damages cellular membranes. Reducing cellular membrane damage during detachment should improve the quality of cell culture. In this article, we propose an enzyme-free cell detachment method based on resonance vibration with temperature modulation. We developed a culture device that can excite a resonance vibration and control temperature. We then evaluated the cell detachment ratio and the growth response, observed the morphology, and analyzed the cellular protein of the collected cells-mouse myoblast cell line (C2C12). With the temperature of 10°C and the maximum vibration amplitude of 2 μm, 77.9% of cells in number were successfully detached compared with traditional trypsinization. The 72-h proliferation ratio of the reseeded cells was similar to that with trypsinization, whereas the proliferation ratio of proposed method was 12.6% greater than that of trypsinization after freezing and thawing. Moreover, the cells can be collected relatively intact and both intracellular and cell surface proteins in the proposed method were less damaged than in trypsinization. These results show that this method has definite advantages over trypsinization, which indicates that it could be applied to subcultures of cells that are more susceptible to trypsin damage for mass culture of sustainable clinical use. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 2279-2288. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kurashina
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirano
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chikahiro Imashiro
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Totani
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Komotori
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
The presence of cell aggregates in cell suspensions may reduce cell culture efficiency because they can induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation. To avoid this problem, this study proposes a novel method for collecting single cell suspensions from culture chambers for subculture using an ultrasonic pump driven by the squeeze film effect. First, we developed a cell culture device consisting of a cell culture substrate with a piezoelectric ceramic disk glued to the back, so that we can elicit resonance vibration of the substrate. A glass pipe is then placed vertically against the cell culture substrate with a slight gap (corresponding to cell diameter) between the pipe and the substrate. By exciting an out-of-plane resonance vibration of the cell culture substrate, we can collect a cell suspension from the cell culture chamber. Since the gap distance between the glass pipe and the cell culture substrate corresponds to cell diameter, the collected cell suspension only contains single cells. We evaluated the capability of the developed cell suspension pumping system and the proliferation of the collected cells with C2C12 myoblast cells. The ratio of single cells in the cell suspension was improved by up to 9.6% compared with that of suspensions collected by the control method (traditional pipetting). Moreover, after cultivating the collected cells for 72 hr, the cells collected by our method proliferated 13.6% more than those collected by the control method. These results suggest that the proposed method has great potential for improving the cultivation efficiency of adhesive cell culture.
Collapse
|
24
|
Affiliation(s)
- Chikahiro Imashiro
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University
| | - Yuta Kurashina
- School of Science for Open and Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University
| | - Kenjiro Takemura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University
| |
Collapse
|