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Wang SM, Hsu JYC, Ko CY, Wu HE, Hsiao YW, Wang JM. Astrocytic Cebpd Regulates Pentraxin 3 Expression to Promote Fibrotic Scar Formation After Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2200-2208. [PMID: 36633805 PMCID: PMC9984521 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03207-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Astroglial-fibrotic scars resulted from spinal cord injury affect motor and sensory function, leading to paralysis. In particular, the fibrotic scar is a main barrier that disrupts neuronal regeneration after spinal cord injury. However, the association between astrocytes and fibrotic scar formation is not yet understood. We have previously demonstrated that the transcriptional factor Cebpd contributes to astrogliosis, which promotes glial scar formation after spinal cord injury. Herein, we show that fibrotic scar formation was decreased in the epicenter region in Cebpd-/- mice after contusive spinal cord injury and astrocytic Cebpd promoted fibroblast migration through secretion of Ptx3. Furthermore, the expression of Mmp3 was increased under recombinant protein Ptx3 treatment in fibroblasts by observing microarray data, resulting in fibroblast migration. In addition, regulation of Mmp3 occurs through the NFκB signaling pathway by using an irreversible inhibitor of IκBα phosphorylation in pretreated fibroblasts. Of note, we used the synthetic peptide RI37, which blocks fibroblast migration and decreases fibroblast Mmp3 expression in IL-1β-treated astrocyte conditioned media. Collectively, our data suggest that fibroblast migration can be affected by astrocytic Cebpd through the Ptx3/NFκB/Mmp3 axis pathway and that the RI37 peptide may act as a therapeutic medicine to inhibit fibrotic scar formation after spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ming Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404333, Taiwan. .,Neuroscience and Brain Disease Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Yu C Hsu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-En Wu
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH/DHHS, Suite 3512, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Yu-Wei Hsiao
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,International Research Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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Feng YH, Lim SW, Lin HY, Wang SA, Hsu SP, Kao TJ, Ko CY, Hsu TI. Allopregnanolone suppresses glioblastoma survival through decreasing DPYSL3 and S100A11 expression. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 219:106067. [PMID: 35114375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Allopregnanolone (allo) is a physiological regulator of neuronal activity that treats multiple neurological disorders. Allo penetrates the blood-brain barrier with very high efficiency, implying that allo can treat CNS-related diseases, including glioblastoma (GBM), which always recurs after standard therapy. Hence, this study aimed to determine whether allo has a therapeutic effect on GBM. We found that allo enhanced temozolomide (TMZ)-suppressed cell survival and proliferation of TMZ-resistant cells. In particular, allo enhanced TMZ-inhibited cell migration and TMZ-induced apoptosis. Additionally, allo strongly induced DNA damage characterized by γH2Ax. Furthermore, quantitative proteomic analysis, iTRAQ, showed that allo significantly decreased the levels of DPYSL3, S100A11, and S100A4, reflecting the poor prognosis of patients with GBM confirmed by differential gene expression and survival analysis. Moreover, single-cell RNA-Seq revealed that S100A11, expressed in malignant cells, oligodendrocytes, and macrophages, was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, overexpression of DPYSL3 or S100A11 prevented allo-induced cell death. In conclusion, allo suppresses GBM cell survival by decreasing DPYSL3/S100A11 expression and inducing DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sher-Wei Lim
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 722, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan 736, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yi Lin
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shao-An Wang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Po Hsu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Tsai YT, Lo WL, Chen PY, Ko CY, Chuang JY, Kao TJ, Yang WB, Chang KY, Hung CY, Kikkawa U, Chang WC, Hsu TI. Reprogramming of arachidonate metabolism confers temozolomide resistance to glioblastoma through enhancing mitochondrial activity in fatty acid oxidation. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:21. [PMID: 35337344 PMCID: PMC8952270 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sp1 is involved in the recurrence of glioblastoma (GBM) due to the acquirement of resistance to temozolomide (TMZ). Particularly, the role of Sp1 in metabolic reprogramming for drug resistance remains unknown. Methods RNA-Seq and mass spectrometry were used to analyze gene expression and metabolites amounts in paired GBM specimens (primary vs. recurrent) and in paired GBM cells (sensitive vs. resistant). ω-3/6 fatty acid and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in GBM patients were analyzed by targeted metabolome. Mitochondrial functions were determined by Seahorse XF Mito Stress Test, RNA-Seq, metabolome and substrate utilization for producing ATP. Therapeutic options targeting prostaglandin (PG) E2 in TMZ-resistant GBM were validated in vitro and in vivo. Results Among the metabolic pathways, Sp1 increased the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 expression and PGE2 production in TMZ-resistant GBM. Mitochondrial genes and metabolites were obviously increased by PGE2, and these characteristics were required for developing resistance in GBM cells. For inducing TMZ resistance, PGE2 activated mitochondrial functions, including fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle progression, through PGE2 receptors, E-type prostanoid (EP)1 and EP3. Additionally, EP1 antagonist ONO-8713 inhibited the survival of TMZ-resistant GBM synergistically with TMZ. Conclusion Sp1-regulated PGE2 production activates FAO and TCA cycle in mitochondria, through EP1 and EP3 receptors, resulting in TMZ resistance in GBM. These results will provide us a new strategy to attenuate drug resistance or to re-sensitize recurred GBM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-022-00804-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110
| | - Wei-Lun Lo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yuan Chen
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Bing Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110.,TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Hung
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Ushio Kikkawa
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan, 110. .,TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.
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Yang WB, Wu AC, Hsu TI, Liou JP, Lo WL, Chang KY, Chen PY, Kikkawa U, Yang ST, Kao TJ, Chen RM, Chang WC, Ko CY, Chuang JY. Histone deacetylase 6 acts upstream of DNA damage response activation to support the survival of glioblastoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:884. [PMID: 34584069 PMCID: PMC8479077 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
DNA repair promotes the progression and recurrence of glioblastoma (GBM). However, there remain no effective therapies for targeting the DNA damage response and repair (DDR) pathway in the clinical setting. Thus, we aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of DDR genes in GBM specimens to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying treatment resistance. Herein, transcriptomic analysis of 177 well-defined DDR genes was performed with normal and GBM specimens (n = 137) from The Cancer Genome Atlas and further integrated with the expression profiling of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibition in temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant GBM cells and patient-derived tumor cells. The effects of HDAC6 inhibition on DDR signaling were examined both in vitro and intracranial mouse models. We found that the expression of DDR genes, involved in repair pathways for DNA double-strand breaks, was upregulated in highly malignant primary and recurrent brain tumors, and their expression was related to abnormal clinical features. However, a potent HDAC6 inhibitor, MPT0B291, attenuated the expression of these genes, including RAD51 and CHEK1, and was more effective in blocking homologous recombination repair in GBM cells. Interestingly, it resulted in lower cytotoxicity in primary glial cells than other HDAC6 inhibitors. MPT0B291 reduced the growth of both TMZ-sensitive and TMZ-resistant tumor cells and prolonged survival in mouse models of GBM. We verified that HDAC6 regulated DDR genes by affecting Sp1 expression, which abolished MPT0B291-induced DNA damage. Our findings uncover a regulatory network among HDAC6, Sp1, and DDR genes for drug resistance and survival of GBM cells. Furthermore, MPT0B291 may serve as a potential lead compound for GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Yang
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Chih Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Lo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 23561, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 70456, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 20401, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ushio Kikkawa
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Tai Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 23561, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, 80708, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Lin HY, Liao KH, Ko CY, Chen GY, Hsu SP, Hung CY, Hsu TI. 17β-estradiol induces temozolomide resistance through NRF2-mediated redox homeostasis in glioblastoma. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:430-440. [PMID: 34186205 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most fatal cancer among brain tumors, and the standard treatment of GBM patients is surgical tumor resection followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. However, tumors always recur due to the developing drug resistance. It has been shown that neurosteroids, including dehydroepiandrosterone and 17β-estradiol, are synthesized in TMZ-resistant GBM tumors. Therefore, we sought to explore the possible role of 17β-estradiol in the development of drug resistance in GBM. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that aromatase/cytochrome P450 19A1 expression was gradually increased in the development from normal, astrocytoma to GBM. The level of 17β-estradiol was significantly increased in TMZ-resistant cells characterized by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Furthermore, 17β-estradiol attenuated TMZ-induced cell death and reduced reactive oxygen species production by mitochondria. In addition, 17β-estradiol attenuated oxidative stress by increasing the expression of superoxide dismutase 1/2, catalase, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF) 2. We found that NRF2 expression was essential for the induction of drug resistance by 17β-estradiol through the reduction of oxidative stress in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Lin
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsing Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Division of Critical Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Neurotraumatology and Intensive Care, Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Po Hsu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Hung
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Tsai YT, Wu CC, Ko CY, Hsu TI, Chang WC, Lo WL, Chuang JY. Correlation between the expression of cancer stem cell marker BMI1 and glioma prognosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 550:113-119. [PMID: 33691197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (BMI1) appears to be essential for promoting certain types of cancer, and its inhibition effectively reduced the stemness of cancer cells. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential role of BMI1 in glioma. To this end, we first investigated BMI1 expression in brain tumors using microarray datasets in ONCOMINE, which indicated that BMI1 levels were not commonly increased in clinical brain tumors. Moreover, survival plots in PROGgeneV2 also showed that BMI1 expression was not significantly associated with reduced survival in glioma patients. Interestingly, stressful serum deprivation and anchorage independence growth conditions led to an increased BMI1 expression in glioma cells. A stress-responsive pathway, HDAC/Sp1, was further identified to regulate BMI1 expression. The HDAC inhibitor vorinostat (SAHA) prevented Sp1 binding to the BMI1 promoter, leading to a decreased expression of BMI1 and attenuating tumor growth of TMZ-resistant glioma xenografts. Importantly, we further performed survival analysis using PROGgeneV2 and found that an elevated expression of HDAC1,3/Sp1/BMI1 but not BMI1 alone showed an increased risk of death in both high- and low-grade glioma patients. Thus, HDAC-mediated Sp1 deacetylation is critical for BMI1 regulation to attenuate stress- and therapy-induced death in glioma cells, and the HDAC/Sp1 axis is more important than BMI1 and appears as a therapeutic target to prevent recurrence of malignant glioma cells persisting after primary therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Che Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Lo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Division of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taiwan.
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taiwan.
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7
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Wang SM, Lin WC, Lin HY, Chen YL, Ko CY, Wang JM. CCAAT/Enhancer-binding protein delta mediates glioma stem-like cell enrichment and ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA1 activation for temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:8. [PMID: 33436575 PMCID: PMC7804954 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00399-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor and relapses after chemo- or radiotherapy in a short time. The anticancer drug temozolamide (TMZ) is commonly used for GBM treatment, but glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) often lead to drug resistance and therapeutic failure. To date, the mechanism of GSC formation in TMZ-treated GBM remains largely unknown. CCAAT/Enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) is an inflammation-responsive transcription factor and is proposed to be oncogenic in the context of drug resistance, prompting us to clarify its role in TMZ-resistant GBM. In this study, we first found that the CEBPD protein levels in GBM patients were significantly increased and further contributed to TMZ resistance by promoting GSC formation. Accordingly, the protein levels of stemness transcription factors, namely, SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2), octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), NANOG, and ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), were increased in GSCs and TMZ-treated GBM cells. Increased binding of CEBPD to promoter regions was observed in GSCs, indicating the direct regulation of these GSC-related genes by CEBPD. In addition, an ABCA1 inhibitor increased the caspase 3/7 activity of TMZ-treated GSCs, suggesting that TMZ efflux is controlled by ABCA1 activity and that the expression levels of the ABCA1 gene are an indicator of the efficiency of TMZ treatment. Together, we revealed the mechanism of CEBPD-mediated GSC drug resistance and proposed ABCA1 inhibition as a potential strategy for the treatment of TMZ-resistant GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ming Wang
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH/DHHS, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yi Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,International Research Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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8
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Tsai YT, Ko CY, Chang WC, Hsu TI. ANGPTL4 Induces TMZ Resistance of Glioblastoma by Promoting Cancer Stemness Enrichment via the EGFR/AKT/4E‐BP1 Cascade. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes Taipei Taiwan
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9
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Lin HY, Hsu TI, Ko CY. 17β‐Estradiol Induces Temozolomide Resistance through Redox Optimization in Glioblastoma. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes Taiwan
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10
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Chen TC, Chuang JY, Ko CY, Kao TJ, Yang PY, Yu CH, Liu MS, Hu SL, Tsai YT, Chan H, Chang WC, Hsu TI. AR ubiquitination induced by the curcumin analog suppresses growth of temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma through disrupting GPX4-Mediated redox homeostasis. Redox Biol 2019; 30:101413. [PMID: 31896509 PMCID: PMC6940696 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is the main obstacle in the improvement of chemotherapeutic efficacy in glioblastoma. Previously, we showed that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), one kind of androgen/neurosteroid, potentiates glioblastoma to acquire resistance through attenuating DNA damage. Androgen receptor (AR) activated by DHEA or other types of androgen was reported to promote drug resistance in prostate cancer. However, in DHEA-enriched microenvironment, the role of AR in acquiring resistance of glioblastoma remains unknown. In this study, we found that AR expression is significantly correlated with poor prognosis, and AR obviously induced the resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) treatment. Herein, we observed that ALZ003, a curcumin analog, induces FBXL2-mediated AR ubiquitination, leading to degradation. Importantly, ALZ003 significantly inhibited the survival of TMZ-sensitive and -resistant glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and suppression of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 4, which are characteristics of ferroptosis, were observed in glioblastoma cell after treatment of ALZ003. Furthermore, overexpression of AR prevented ferroptosis in the presence of GPX4. To evaluate the therapeutic effect in vivo, we transplanted TMZ-sensitive or -resistant U87MG cells into mouse brain followed by intravenous administration with ALZ003. In addition to inhibiting the growth of glioblastoma, ALZ003 significantly extended the survival period of transplanted mice, and significantly decreased AR expression in the tumor area. Taken together, AR potentiates TMZ resistance for glioblastoma, and ALZ003-mediated AR ubiquitination might open a new insight into therapeutic strategy for TMZ resistant glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Yang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hui Yu
- Allianz Pharmascience Limited, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Sheng Liu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Siou-Lian Hu
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hardy Chan
- Allianz Pharmascience Limited, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
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11
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Lin HY, Ko CY, Kao TJ, Yang WB, Tsai YT, Chuang JY, Hu SL, Yang PY, Lo WL, Hsu TI. CYP17A1 Maintains the Survival of Glioblastomas by Regulating SAR1-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Health and Redox Homeostasis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091378. [PMID: 31527549 PMCID: PMC6770831 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 17A1 is an important steroidogenic enzyme harboring 17α-hydroxylase and performing 17,20 lyase activities in multiple steps of steroid hormone synthesis, including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) biosynthesis. Previously, we showed that CYP17A1-mediated DHEA production clearly protects glioblastomas from temozolomide-induced apoptosis, leading to drug resistance. Herein, we attempt to clarify whether the inhibition of CYP17A1 has a tumor-suppressive effect, and to determine the steroidogenesis-independent functions of CYP17A1 in glioblastomas. Abiraterone, an inhibitor of CYP17A1, significantly inhibits the proliferation of A172, T98G, and PT#3 (the primary glioblastoma cells) by inducing apoptosis. In parallel, abiraterone potently suppresses tumor growth in mouse models through transplantation of PT#3 cells to the back or to the brain. Based on evidence that abiraterone induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, followed by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), CYP17A1 is important for ER health and redox homeostasis. To confirm our hypothesis, we showed that CYP17A1 overexpression prevents the initiation of ER stress and attenuates ROS production by regulating SAR1a/b expression. Abiraterone dissociates SAR1a/b from ER-localized CYP17A1, and induces SAR1a/b ubiquitination, leading to degradation. Furthermore, SAR1 overexpression rescues abiraterone-induced apoptosis and impairs redox homeostasis. In addition to steroid hormone synthesis, CYP17A1 associates with SAR1a/b to regulate protein processing and maintain ER health in glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Lin
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Bin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ting Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Siou-Lian Hu
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Yu Yang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Lun Lo
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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12
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Wang SM, Lin HY, Chen YL, Hsu TI, Chuang JY, Kao TJ, Ko CY. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta regulates the stemness of glioma stem-like cells through activating PDGFA expression upon inflammatory stimulation. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:146. [PMID: 31300060 PMCID: PMC6626372 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The small population of glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) contributes to tumor initiation, malignancy, and recurrence in glioblastoma. However, the maintenance of GSC properties in the tumor microenvironment remains unclear. In glioma, non-neoplastic cells create an inflammatory environment and subsequently mediate tumor progression and maintenance. Transcriptional factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) is suggested to regulate various genes responsive to inflammatory cytokines, thus prompting us to investigate its role in regulating GSCs stemness after inflammatory stimulation. Methods Stemness properties were analyzed by using spheroid formation. Oncomine and TCGA bioinformatic databases were used to analyze gene expression. Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, luciferase reporter assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were used to analyze proteins and gene transcript levels. The glioma tissue microarrays were used for CEBPD and PDGFA expression by immunohistochemistry staining. Results We first found that IL-1β promotes glioma spheroid formation and is associated with elevated CEBPD expression. Using microarray analysis, platelet-derived growth factor subunit A (PDGFA) was confirmed as a CEBPD-regulated gene that mediates IL-1β-enhanced GSCs self-renewal. Further analysis of the genomic database and tissue array revealed that the expression levels between CEBPD and PDGFA were coincident in glioma patient samples. Conclusion This is the first report showing the activation of PDGFA expression by CEBPD through IL-1β treatment and a novel CEBPD function in maintaining the self-renewal feature of GSCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-019-1535-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ming Wang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yi Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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13
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Lin HC, Ko CY, Lee KH, Chen IH, Kao TJ, Chang WC, Hsu TI, Lee YC. E2f1 regulates the induction of promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger transcription in neuronal differentiation of pluripotent P19 embryonal carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:629-634. [PMID: 30914194 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
During brain development, the expression of promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (Plzf) in neural stem cells is precisely controlled to maintain the balance between neural stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. However, the mechanism underlying transcriptional regulation of Plzf in neural stem cell is still unclear. Herein, using P19 embryonal carcinoma cells as a model, we observed that Plzf expression was induced in the P19-derived embryonic bodies, which enrich neural stem-like cell populations, as demonstrated by the expression of neural stem cell markers, Nestin and Sox2. We then characterized the Plzf promoter and identified two E2f1 binding sites (-755/-751 and -53/-49, the transcription start site was designated as +1) are important for the activation of Plzf promoter. Finally, we found that the induction of Plzf in the neural stem-like cells derived from pluripotent P19 cells is decrease by E2f1 knockdown. Taken together, we conclude that E2f1 is an important transcription factor that regulates Plzf transcription and may involve in maintaining the self-renewal ability of neural stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- PhD Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Haur Lee
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Han Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- PhD Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- PhD Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chao Lee
- PhD Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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14
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Liu TC, Lee YC, Ko CY, Liu RS, Ke CC, Lo YC, Hong PS, Chu CY, Chang CW, Wu PW, Chen YY, Chen SY. Highly sensitive/selective 3D nanostructured immunoparticle-based interface on a multichannel sensor array for detecting amyloid-beta in Alzheimer's disease. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:4210-4225. [PMID: 30128048 PMCID: PMC6096390 DOI: 10.7150/thno.25625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides is highly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression in prevailing studies. The successful development of an ultrasensitive detection assay for Aβ is a challenging task, especially from blood-based samples. Methods: We have developed a one-step electrophoresis/electropolymerization strategy for preparing a CSIP hierarchical immunoelectrochemical interface that is easily integrated into a PoCT device. The interface includes conductive silk fibroin-based immunoparticles (CSIPs) via electropolymerized Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) bridging to enable on-site electrochemical detection of serum amyloid-β42 (Aβ42) and -β40 (Aβ40) peptides from an AD blood test. In addition, micro-positron emission tomography (microPET) neuroimaging and behavioral tests were simultaneously performed. Results: This nanostructured conductive interface favors penetration of water-soluble biomolecules and catalyzes a redox reaction, providing limits of detection (LOD) of 6.63 pg/mL for Aβ40 and 3.74 pg/mL for Aβ42. Our proof-of-concept study confirms that the multi-sensing electrochemical immunosensor array (MEIA) platform enables simultaneous measurement of serum Aβ42 and Aβ40 peptide levels and is more informative in early stage AD animals than amyloid-labeling Aβ plaque PET imaging and behavioral tests. Conclusion: We believe this study greatly expands the applications of silk fibroin-based materials, is an important contribution to the advancement of biomaterials, and would also be valuable in the design of new types of multichannel electrochemical immunosensor arrays for the detection of other diseases.
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Wang JM, Chu YY, Ko CY, Wang SM, Lin PI, Wang HY, Lin WC, Wu DY. Abstract 358: miRNAs/Ago2/YY1/PcG protein/DNMT complex mediates epigenetic silencing of locus genes and associates with bortezomib-induced apoptosis of leukemia. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
miRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs, which bind to the 3'-untranslated regions of their target mRNAs to repress translation. However, the details of miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation targeting genomic DNA remained largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta (CEBPD) was responsive to the anticancer drug bortezomib, is a highly selective reversible inhibitor for leukemia treatment, and resulting in caspase activation and apoptosis. Interestingly, following the identification of CEBPD-induced miRNAs, we found that miR-744, miR-3154 and miR-3162 feedback to suppress the transcription of CEBPD itself and genes adjacent to its 5'-flanking region, including protein kinase DNA-activated catalytic polypeptide (PRKDC), minichromosome maintenance-deficient 4 (MCM4) and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 variant 2 (UBE2V2), upon bortezomib treatment. Additionally, we previously demonstrated that the Yin Yang 1 (YY1)/polycomb group (PcG) protein/DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) complex is important for mediating epigenetic silencing of the CEBPD gene; we further found that Argonaute 2 (Ago2) interacts with YY1 and binds to the CEBPD promoter. Moreover, we revealed that miRNA binding plays a key role for YY1/PcG group protein/DNMT complex-mediated epigenetic gene silencing and is associated with bortezomib-induced methylation on genomic DNA. Altogether, we provided new insights for miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation in the case of bortezomib-induced cell death in leukemia.
Citation Format: Ju-Ming Wang, Yu-Yi Chu, Chiung-Yuan Ko, Shao-Ming Wang, Pin-I Lin, Han-Ying Wang, Wen-Chi Lin, Dong-Yu Wu. miRNAs/Ago2/YY1/PcG protein/DNMT complex mediates epigenetic silencing of locus genes and associates with bortezomib-induced apoptosis of leukemia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 358.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ming Wang
- 1Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yi Chu
- 1Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- 2The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Ming Wang
- 3The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pin-I Lin
- 1Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ying Wang
- 1Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Lin
- 1Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Yu Wu
- 1Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, Tainan, Taiwan
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16
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Ko CY, Lin CH, Chuang JY, Chang WC, Hsu TI. MDM2 Degrades Deacetylated Nucleolin Through Ubiquitination to Promote Glioma Stem-Like Cell Enrichment for Chemotherapeutic Resistance. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:3211-3223. [PMID: 28478507 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0569-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most fatal of all brain cancers, and the standard care protocol for GBM patients is surgical tumor resection followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide (TMZ)-mediated chemotherapy. However, tumor recurrence frequently occurs, and recurrent GBM exhibits more malignancy and less sensitivity in response to chemotherapy. The malignancy and drug resistance primarily reflect the small population of glioma stem-like cells (GSC). Therefore, understanding the mechanism that controls GSC enrichment is important to benefit the prognosis of GBM patients. Nucleolin (NCL), which is responsible for ribosome biogenesis and RNA maturation, is overexpressed in gliomas. However, the role of NCL in GSC development and drug resistance is still unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that NCL attenuated GSC enrichment to enhance the sensitivity of GBM cells in response to TMZ. In GSC enrichment, NCL was significantly reduced at the protein level as a result of decreased protein stability. In particular, the inhibition of HDAC activity by suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid rescued NCL acetylation accompanied by the loss of mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2)-mediated ubiquitination. In addition, we found that NCL ubiquitination resulted from the activation of STAT3- and JNK-mediated signaling in GSC. Moreover, NCL inhibited the formation of stem-like spheres by attenuating the expression of Sox2, Oct4, and Bmi1. Furthermore, NCL sensitized the response of GBM cells to TMZ. Based on these findings, NCL expression is a potential indicator to predict chemotherapeutic efficiency in GBM patients.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylation
- Brain Neoplasms/metabolism
- Brain Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Glioma/genetics
- Glioma/metabolism
- Glioma/pathology
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Humans
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Models, Biological
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Proteolysis/drug effects
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/pathology
- Temozolomide/pharmacology
- Ubiquitination
- Vorinostat/pharmacology
- Nucleolin
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Yuan Ko
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Han Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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17
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Wang SM, Lim SW, Wang YH, Lin HY, Lai MD, Ko CY, Wang JM. Astrocytic CCAAT/Enhancer-binding protein delta contributes to reactive oxygen species formation in neuroinflammation. Redox Biol 2018; 16:104-112. [PMID: 29499563 PMCID: PMC5953220 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can form an oxidative stress and an associated neuroinflammation. However, the contribution of astrocytes to ROS formation, the cause of the resistance of astrocytes to oxidative stress, and the consequences on neurons remain largely uninvestigated. The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) is highly expressed in astrocytes and has been suggested to contribute to the progress of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we found that ROS formation and expression of p47phox and p67phox, subunits of NADPH oxidase, were increased in AppTg mice but attenuated in AppTg/Cebpd-/- mice. Cebpd can up-regulate p47phox and p67phox transcription via a direct binding on their promoters, which results in an increase in intracellular oxidative stress. In addition, Cebpd also up-regulated Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Sod1) in astrocytes. Inactivation of Sod1 increased the sensitization to oxidative stress, which provides a reason for the resistance of astrocytes in an oxidative stress environment. Taken together, the study first revealed and dissected the involvement of astrocytic Cebpd in the promotion of oxidative stress and the contribution of CEBPD to the resistance of astrocytes in an oxidative stress environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ming Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Sher-Wei Lim
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Departments of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 722, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan 736, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Han Wang
- Department of Life Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yi Lin
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Derg Lai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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18
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Huang TC, Lee PT, Wu MH, Huang CC, Ko CY, Lee YC, Lin DY, Cheng YW, Lee KH. Distinct roles and differential expression levels of Wnt5a mRNA isoforms in colorectal cancer cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181034. [PMID: 28859077 PMCID: PMC5578641 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway is constitutively activated in more than 90% of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases in which β-catenin contributes to CRC cell growth and survival. In contrast to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, the non-canonical Wnt pathway can antagonize functions of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Wnt5a is a key factor in the non-canonical Wnt pathway, and it plays diverse roles in different types of cancers. It was shown that reintroducing Wnt5a into CRC cells resulted in inhibited cell proliferation and impaired cell motility. However, contradictory results were reported describing increased Wnt5a expression being associated with a poor prognosis of CRC patients. Recently, it was shown that the diverse roles of Wnt5a are due to two distinct roles of Wnt5a isoforms. However, the exact roles and functions of the Wnt5a isoforms in CRC remain largely unclear. The present study for the first time showed the ambiguous role of Wnt5a in CRC was due to the encoding of distinct roles of the various Wnt5a mRNA isoforms. A relatively high expression level of the Wnt5a-short (S) isoform transcript and a low expression level of the Wnt5a-long (L) isoform transcript were detected in CRC cell lines and specimens. In addition, high expression levels of the Wnt5a-S mRNA isoform and low expression levels of the Wnt5a-L mRNA isoform were significantly positively correlated with tumor depth of CRC patients. Furthermore, knockdown of the endogenous expression of the Wnt5a-S mRNA isoform in HCT116 cells drastically inhibited their growth ability by inducing apoptosis through induction of FASLG expression and reduction of TNFRSF11B expression. Moreover, reactivation of methylation inactivation of the Wnt5a-L mRNA isoform by treatment with 5-azacytidine (5-Aza) enhanced the siWnt5a-S isoform's ability to induce apoptosis. Finally, we showed that the simultaneous reactivation of Wnt5a-L mRNA isoform and knockdown of Wnt5a-S mRNA isoform expression enhanced siWnt5a-S isoform-induced apoptosis and siWnt5a-L isoform-regulated suppression of β-catenin expression in vitro. High expression levels of the Wnt5a-S mRNA isoform and low expression levels of the Wnt5a-L mRNA isoform were significantly positively correlated with high mRNA levels of β-catenin detection in vivo. Altogether, our study showed that, for the first time, different Wnt5a mRNA isoforms play distinct roles in CRC and can be used as novel prognostic markers for CRC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsui-Chin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Tse Lee
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ming-Heng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chao Lee
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Yen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YWC); (KHL)
| | - Kuen-Haur Lee
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YWC); (KHL)
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19
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Chang KY, Hsu TI, Hsu CC, Tsai SY, Liu JJ, Chou SW, Liu MS, Liou JP, Ko CY, Chen KY, Hung JJ, Chang WC, Chuang CK, Kao TJ, Chuang JY. Specificity protein 1-modulated superoxide dismutase 2 enhances temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma, which is independent of O 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase. Redox Biol 2017; 13:655-664. [PMID: 28822335 PMCID: PMC5561972 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of temozolomide (TMZ) resistance is a major factor leading to the failure of glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. The exact mechanism by which GBM evades TMZ toxicity is not always related to the expression of the DNA repair enzyme O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), and so remains unclear. In this study, TMZ-resistant variants derived from MGMT-negative GBM clinical samples and cell lines were studied, revealing there to be increased specificity protein 1 (Sp1) expression associated with reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation following TMZ treatment. Analysis of gene expression databases along with cell studies identified the ROS scavenger superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) as being disease-related. SOD2 expression was also increased, and it was found to be co-expressed with Sp1 in TMZ-resistant cells. Investigation of the SOD2 promoter revealed Sp1 as a critical transcriptional activator that enhances SOD2 gene expression. Co-treatment with an Sp1 inhibitor restored the inhibitory effects of TMZ, and decreased SOD2 levels in TMZ-resistant cells. This treatment strategy restored susceptibility to TMZ in xenograft animals, leading to prolonged survival in an orthotopic model. Thus, our results suggest that Sp1 modulates ROS scavengers as a novel mechanism to increase cancer malignancy and resistance to chemotherapy. Inhibition of this pathway may represent a potential therapeutic target for restoring treatment susceptibility in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chia Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | | | - Jr-Jiun Liu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Wen Chou
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Sheng Liu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | | | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yun Chen
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Jong Hung
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Keng Chuang
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
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20
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Hsu CC, Chang WC, Hsu TI, Liu JJ, Yeh SH, Wang JY, Liou JP, Ko CY, Chang KY, Chuang JY. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid represses glioma stem-like cells. J Biomed Sci 2016; 23:81. [PMID: 27863490 PMCID: PMC5116136 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-016-0296-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) are proposed to be responsible for high resistance in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment. In order to find new strategies aimed at reducing GSC stemness and improving GBM patient survival, we investigated the effects and mechanism of a histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), since HDAC activity has been linked to cancer stem-like cell (CSC) abundance and properties. Methods Human GBM cell lines were plated in serum-free suspension cultures allowed for sphere forming and CSC enrichment. Subsequently, upon SAHA treatment, the stemness markers, cell proliferation, and viability of GSCs as well as cellular apoptosis and senescence were examined in order to clarify whether inhibition of GSCs occurs. Results We demonstrated that SAHA attenuated cell proliferation and diminished the expression stemness-related markers (CD133 and Bmi1) in GSCs. Furthermore, at high concentrations (more than 5 μM), SAHA triggered apoptosis of GSCs accompanied by increases in both activation of caspase 8- and caspase 9-mediated pathways. Interestingly, we found that a lower dose of SAHA (1 μM and 2.5 μM) inhibited GSCs via cell cycle arrest and induced premature senescence through p53 up-regulation and p38 activation. Conclusion SAHA induces apoptosis and functions as a potent modulator of senescence via the p38-p53 pathway in GSCs. Our results provide a perspective on targeting GSCs via SAHA treatment, and suggest that SAHA could be used as a potent agent to overcome drug resistance in GBM patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12929-016-0296-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Chia Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Jiun Liu
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 367 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Hwa Yeh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 367 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan.
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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21
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Wang SM, Ko CY, Wang JM. Abstract 1986: CEBPD promotes stemness in the pathogenesis of gliomas. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal type of brain tumor with a median survival of 12-15 months despite optimal therapy. Nowadays, an increasing number of studies has indicated the connection between malignancy and stemness. The molecular mechanisms controlling the stem cell-like properties and tumorigenic potential of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) remain less investigated. CCAAT/Enhancer binding protein delta (CEBPD) is a C/EBP family of transcription factors. In this study, CEBPD was highly expressed in GBM specimens and GBM patients with low levels of CEBPD show a significantly better overall survival. The transcription factor OCT4 is known to play an important role in maintaining stem cell self-renewal within the central nervous system (CNS) and this activity is present in gliomas as well. Further, our data showed that CEBPD contributes to stem-like characteristics and promoted cancer cells toward stem cell traits through direct activation of OCT4 gene expression. In conclusion, this study highlights the involvement of CEBPD in enchaining stem-cell property in GBM.
Citation Format: Shao-Ming Wang, Chiung-Yuan Ko, Ju-Ming Wang. CEBPD promotes stemness in the pathogenesis of gliomas. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1986.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ming Wang
- 1The institute of basic medical sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- 2Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- 3Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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22
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Li CF, Tsai HH, Ko CY, Pan YC, Yen CJ, Lai HY, Yuh CH, Wu WC, Wang JM. HMDB and 5-AzadC Combination Reverses Tumor Suppressor CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein Delta to Strengthen the Death of Liver Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:2623-33. [PMID: 26358750 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can arise from chronic inflammation due to viral infection, organ damage, drug toxicity, or alcohol abuse. Moreover, gene desensitization via aberrant CpG island methylation is a frequent epigenetic defect in HCC. However, the details of how inflammation is linked with epigenetic-mediated desensitization of tumor suppressor genes remains less investigated. In this study, we found that loss of CEBPD enhances the growth of liver cancer cells and is associated with the occurrence of liver cancers, as determined by the assessment of clinical specimens and in vivo animal models. Moreover, E2F1-regulated epigenetic axis attenuated CEBPD expression in liver cancer cells. CEBPD is responsive to the hydroxymethyldibenzoylmethane (HMDB)-induced p38/CREB pathway and plays an important role in the HMDB-induced apoptosis of cancer cells. Regarding depression of epigenetic effects to enhance HMDB-induced CEBPD expression, the combination of HMDB and 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AzadC) could enhance the death of liver cancer cells and reduce the tumor formation of Huh7 xenograft mice. In conclusion, these results suggest that CEBPD could be a useful diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in HCC. The results also reveal the therapeutic potential for low-dose 5-AzadC to enhance the HMDB-induced death of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Institute of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Hwa Yuh
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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23
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Ko CY, Wang WL, Li CF, Jeng YM, Chu YY, Wang HY, Tseng JT, Wang JM. IL-18-induced interaction between IMP3 and HuR contributes to COX-2 mRNA stabilization in acute myeloid leukemia. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 99:131-41. [PMID: 26342105 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2a0414-228rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia is the majority type presented in leukemia patients. Forcing malignant cells to undergo differentiation is 1 strategy for acute myeloid leukemia therapy. However, the failure of acute myeloid leukemia patients to achieve remission as a result of drug resistance remains a challenge. In this study, we found that the abundances of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-18 and its receptor (IL-18R) correlated with the occurrence of drug resistance in AML patients during standard treatment. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) has been suggested to have an antiapoptotic role in chemoresistant cancer cells. IL-18 treatment resulted in an increase in COX-2 expression through the post-transcriptional regulation of COX-2 mRNA in differentiated U937 cells and showed antiapoptotic activity in U937 and THP-1 cells. Two RNA-binding proteins, human antigen R and insulin-like growth factor mRNA-binding protein 3, mediated the stabilization of COX-2 mRNA. IL-18 induced the shuttling of human antigen R and insulin-like growth factor mRNA-binding protein 3 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and facilitated their interaction; subsequently, this complex bound to the 3' untranslated region of COX-2 mRNA and affected its stability. We demonstrated further that JNK and/or ERK1/2 regulated human antigen R nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, mediating IL-18 stabilization of cyclooxygenase 2 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Yuan Ko
- *Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, and Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; and **Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction and Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center and Center of Molecular Inflammation, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Wang
- *Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, and Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; and **Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction and Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center and Center of Molecular Inflammation, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- *Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, and Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; and **Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction and Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center and Center of Molecular Inflammation, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ming Jeng
- *Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, and Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; and **Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction and Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center and Center of Molecular Inflammation, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yi Chu
- *Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, and Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; and **Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction and Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center and Center of Molecular Inflammation, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ying Wang
- *Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, and Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; and **Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction and Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center and Center of Molecular Inflammation, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Joseph T Tseng
- *Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, and Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; and **Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction and Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center and Center of Molecular Inflammation, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- *Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, and Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; and **Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction and Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center and Center of Molecular Inflammation, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Chu YY, Ko CY, Wang WJ, Wang SM, Gean PW, Kuo YM, Wang JM. Astrocytic CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein δ Regulates Neuronal Viability and Spatial Learning Ability via miR-135a. Mol Neurobiol 2015. [PMID: 26208701 PMCID: PMC4937099 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been associated with astrocytes-induced neuroinflammation. However, the detailed mechanism of astrocytes associated with learning impairments and neuronal loss in AD is poorly defined. Here, we provide novel evidences that astrocytic miR-135a is critical for neuronal viability and spatial learning ability in vivo. The AppTg/Cebpd−/− mice showed a spatial learning improvement compared with the APPswe/PS1/E9 bigenic (AppTg) mice. miR-135a was found to be a CCAAT/enhancer binding protein δ (CEBPD) responsive miRNA and can repress the transcription of thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) / Thbs1 (mouse) via its 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR). We used different experimental approaches to attenuate the expression of CEBPD/Cebpd (mouse) or miR-135a in astrocytes and found the following results: increase in THBS1/Thbs1 expression, decrease in neuronal apoptosis, and increase in growth of neurites. Importantly, injection of miR-135a antagonist (AM135a) into the brain of AppTg mice was found to prevent neuronal apoptosis and improved the spatial learning ability. Together, our findings demonstrate a critical function for the astrocytic CEBPD, and point to miR-135a antagonist as an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yi Chu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Ming Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wu Gean
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Kuo
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) belongs to the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein family, and these proteins function as transcription factors in many biological processes, including cell differentiation, motility, growth arrest, proliferation, cell death, metabolism and immune responses. The functional diversity of CEBPD depends, in part, on the cell type and cellular context, which indicates that CEBPD could interpret a variety of cues to adjust cellular responses in specific situations. Here, we review the regulation of the CEBPD gene and its function in response to inflammatory stimuli. We also address its effects in inflammation-related diseases through a discussion of its recently discovered downstream targets. Regarding to the previous discoveries and new insights in inflammation-associated diseases, suggesting CEBPD could also be a central gene in inflammation. Importantly, the results of this study indicate that the investigation of CEBPD could open a new avenue to help better understand the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. .,Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan. .,Center of Molecular Inflammation, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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Ko CY, Chu YY, Narumiya S, Chi JY, Furuyashiki T, Aoki T, Wang SM, Chang WC, Wang JM. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta/miR135a/thrombospondin 1 axis mediates PGE2-induced angiogenesis in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 36:1356-68. [PMID: 25554493 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), large populations of endothelial cells undergo angiogenesis due to brain hypoxia and inflammation. Substantial evidence from epidemiologic, pathologic, and clinical reports suggests that vascular factors are critical for the pathogenesis of AD. However, the precise mechanistic correlation between inflammation and angiogenesis in AD has not been well elucidated. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a key factor of the inflammatory response, has been known to promote angiogenesis. In this study, we demonstrated that PGE2 acts through EP4 receptor and protein kinase A to modulate CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) abundance in astrocytes. Attenuated vessel formation was observed in the brains of AppTg/Cebpd(-/-) mice. We showed that miR135a was responsive to the induction of CEBPD and further negatively regulated thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) transcription by directly targeting its 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) in astrocytes. Furthermore, conditioned media from astrocytes expressing miR135a promoted Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) tube-like formation, which correlated with the effects of PGE2 on angiogenesis. Our results indicated that CEBPD contributes to the repression of THBS1 transcription by activating the expression of miR135a in astrocytes following PGE2 treatment. We provided new evidence that astrocytic CEBPD increases angiogenesis during AD pathogenesis. This discovery supports the negative influence of CEBPD activation in astrocytes with respect to AD pathogenesis and implies that the CEBPD/miR135a/THBS1 axis could be a therapeutic target of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neurotrauma and Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yi Chu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jhih-Ying Chi
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | | | - Tomohiro Aoki
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shao-Ming Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Infectious Disease and Signaling Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Ko CY, Wang WL, Wang SM, Chu YY, Chang WC, Wang JM. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β-mediated CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta phosphorylation in astrocytes promotes migration and activation of microglia/macrophages. Neurobiol Aging 2013; 35:24-34. [PMID: 23993701 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is neuropathologically characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β protein into senile plaques that are sites of chronic inflammation involving reactive microglia, astrocytes, and proinflammatory molecules, such as interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. The human CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (CEBP) delta (CEBPD) is known to be induced in many inflammation-related diseases. In Alzheimer's disease, this protein is responsive to amyloid-β and proinflammatory cytokines in astrocytes. However, the functional role of CEBPD in astrocytes remains largely unclear. In this study, we show that CEBPD is upregulated by interleukin-1β through the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 (MAPKp38) signaling pathway and phosphorylated by glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β at Ser167 in astrocytes. CEBPD in astrocytes is associated with microglia activation and migration in amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice (AppTg) mice. We further identified that the monocyte chemotactic protein-1, a chemoattractive factor, and migration factors matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -3 are responsive to GSK3β-mediated CEBPD Ser167 phosphorylation. Our results revealed the novel regulation of LiCl on astrocytes and that GSK3β-mediated CEBPD phosphorylation in astrocytes plays an important role in the activation of microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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SooHoo NF, Lieberman JR, Farng E, Park S, Jain S, Ko CY. Development of quality of care indicators for patients undergoing total hip or total knee replacement. BMJ Qual Saf 2011; 20:153-7. [PMID: 21303771 DOI: 10.1136/bmjqs.2009.032524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to develop evidence-based quality indicators to measure key aspects of care that can be targeted to decrease variations in complication rates between surgeons performing total joint replacement. DESIGN RAND/University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) modified-Delphi expert panel method. To accomplish this objective, a proposed set of quality of care indicators was developed through a comprehensive literature search and structured interviews with expert clinicians. An expert panel of orthopaedic surgeons was then convened to rate the validity of these quality indicators using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method. Indicators were classified as valid by the panel based on the median panel rating and the amount of dispersion of panel ratings. RESULTS There were 101 candidate indicators of quality identified in the six domains of preoperative processes of care, intraoperative processes, postoperative processes, implant selection and the use of new technology, privileging of hospitals and surgeons, and outcomes and comorbidity assessment. A total of 68 of the 101 indicators were rated as valid with statistical agreement. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies measures of structure, process and outcome rated as valid quality indicators for hip and knee replacement. This project provides tools to measure and improve quality of care for patients undergoing total joint replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- N F SooHoo
- UCLA School of Medicine, 10945 Le Conte Avenue, PVUB 3355, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Livhits M, Mercado C, Yermilov I, Parikh JA, Dutson E, Mehran A, Ko CY, Shekelle PG, Gibbons MM. Is social support associated with greater weight loss after bariatric surgery?: a systematic review. Obes Rev 2011; 12:142-8. [PMID: 20158617 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2010.00720.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Social support may be associated with increased weight loss after bariatric surgery. The objective of this article is to determine impact of post-operative support groups and other forms of social support on weight loss after bariatric surgery. MEDLINE search (1988-2009) was completed using MeSH terms including bariatric procedures and a spectrum of patient factors with potential relationship to weight loss outcomes. Of the 934 screened studies, 10 reported on social support and weight loss outcomes. Five studies reported on support groups and five studies reported on other forms of social support (such as perceived family support or number of confidants) and degree of post-operative weight loss (total n = 735 patients). All studies found a positive association between post-operative support groups and weight loss. One study found a positive association between marital status (being single) and weight loss, while three studies found a non-significant positive trend and one study was inconclusive. Support group attendance after bariatric surgery is associated with greater post-operative weight loss. Further research is necessary to determine the impact of other forms of social support. These factors should be addressed in prospective studies of weight loss following bariatric surgery, as they may represent ways to improve post-operative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Livhits
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Pan YC, Li CF, Ko CY, Pan MH, Chen PJ, Tseng JT, Wu WC, Chang WC, Huang AM, Sterneck E, Wang JM. CEBPD reverses RB/E2F1-mediated gene repression and participates in HMDB-induced apoptosis of cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:5770-80. [PMID: 20971808 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent evidence indicates that a tumor suppressor gene CEBPD (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta) is downregulated in many cancers including cervical cancer, which provides a therapeutic potential associated with its reactivation. However, little is known for CEBPD activators and the effect of reactivation of CEBPD transcription upon anticancer drug treatment. In this study, we identified a novel CEBPD activator, 1-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-3-phenyl-1,3-propanedione (HMDB). The purpose of this study is to characterize the mechanism of HMDB-induced CEBPD activation and its potential effect in cancer therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Methylation-specific PCR assay, reporter assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were performed to dissect the signaling pathway of HMDB-induced CEBPD transcription. Furthermore, a consequence of HMDB-induced CEBPD expression was linked with E2F1 and retinoblastoma (RB), which discloses the scenario of CEBPD, E2F1, and RB bindings and transcriptional regulation on the promoters of proapoptotic genes, PPARG2 and GADD153. Finally, the anticancer effect of HMDB was examined in xenograft mice. RESULTS We demonstrate that CEBPD plays an essential role in HMDB-mediated apoptosis of cancer cells. HMDB up-regulates CEBPD transcription through the p38/CREB pathway, thus leading to transcriptional activation of PPARG2 and GADD153. Furthermore, increased level of CEBPD attenuates E2F1-induced cancer cell proliferation and partially rescues RB/E2F1-mediated repression of PPARG2 and GADD153 transcription. Moreover, HMDB treatment attenuates the growth of A431 xenografts in severe combined immunodeficient mice mice. CONCLUSIONS These results clearly demonstrate that HMDB kills cancer cells through activation of CEBPD pathways and suggest that HMDB can serve as a superior chemotherapeutic agent with limited potential for adverse side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Lai PH, Wang WL, Ko CY, Lee YC, Yang WM, Shen TW, Chang WC, Wang JM. HDAC1/HDAC3 modulates PPARG2 transcription through the sumoylated CEBPD in hepatic lipogenesis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research 2008; 1783:1803-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2007] [Revised: 06/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Ko CY, Hsu HC, Shen MR, Chang WC, Wang JM. Epigenetic silencing of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta activity by YY1/polycomb group/DNA methyltransferase complex. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:30919-32. [PMID: 18753137 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m804029200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) has been reported as a tumor suppressor because it both induces growth arrest involved in differentiation and plays a crucial role as a regulator of pro-apoptotic gene expression. In this study, CEBPD gene expression is down-regulated, and "loss of function" alterations in CEBPD gene expression are observed in cervical cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Suppressor of zeste 12 (SUZ12), a component of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), silences CEBPD promoter activity, enhancing the methylation of exogenous CEBPD promoter through the proximal CpG islands. Moreover, this molecular approach is consistent with the opposite mRNA expression pattern between SUZ12 and CEBPD in cervical cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma patients. We further demonstrated that Yin-Yang-1 (YY1) physically interacts with SUZ12 and can act as a mediator to recruit the polycomb group proteins and DNA methyltransferases to participate in the CEBPD gene silencing process. Taking these results into consideration, we not only demonstrate the advantage of SUZ12-silenced CEBPD expression in tumor formation but also clarify an in vivo evidence for YY1-mediated silencing paths of SUZ12 and DNA methyltransferases on the CEBPD promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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Lin YT, Cheng JT, Liang LC, Ko CY, Lo YK, Lu PJ. The binding and phosphorylation of Thr231 is critical for Tau's hyperphosphorylation and functional regulation by glycogen synthase kinase 3beta. J Neurochem 2007; 103:802-13. [PMID: 17680984 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease are extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary lesions. The neurofibrillary lesions mainly consist of the hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated protein Tau predominantly expressed in the axon of CNS neurons. Hyperphosphorylation of Tau negatively affects its binding to tubulin and decreases the capacity to promote microtubule assembly. Among a number of proline-directed kinases capable of phosphorylating paired helical filament-Tau, glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) was first identified as a Tau protein kinase I and has been demonstrated to phosphorylate Tau both in vivo and in vitro. However, the phosphorylation mechanism of Tau by GSK3beta remained unclear. In this study, we show that the T231 is the primary phosphorylation site for GSK3beta and the Tau227-237 (AVVRTPPKSPS) derived from Tau containing T231P232 motif is identified as the GSK3beta binding site with high affinity of a Kd value 0.82 +/- 0.16 mumol/L. Our results suggest that direct binding and phosphorylation of T231P232 motif by GSK3beta induces conformational change of Tau and consequentially alters the inhibitory activity of its N-terminus that allows the phosphorylation of C-terminus of Tau by GSK3beta. Furthermore, hyperphosphorylation reduces Tau's ability to promote tubulin assembly and to form bundles in N18 cells. T231A mutant completely abolishes Tau phosphorylation by GSK3beta and retains the ability to promote tubulin polymerization and bundle formation. Taken together, these results suggest that phosphorylation of T231 by GSK3beta may play an important role in Tau's hyperphosphorylation and functional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Te Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Abstract
AIM This paper reports an evaluation of a nurse-initiated education programme on four specific osteoporosis prevention behaviours which led to their adoption or to positive attitude changes. BACKGROUND In the past, osteoporosis was a serious health concern that most commonly affected women in Northern Europe and the United States of America, but was less commonly seen in Asian women. However, in Hong Kong, osteoporosis is currently among the top five conditions causing disability and prolonged hospital stay for older people. From an economic perspective, the most cost-effective approach is to focus on primary prevention via education, and nurses often have the responsibility of providing such educational programmes. METHOD A randomized controlled study was conducted from July 2004 to March 2005 with 76 women (38 cases and 38 controls) recruited in two private beauty clinics in Hong Kong. Pre-, post- and follow-up education data were compared regarding attitudes and adoption frequency before and after the education programme. RESULTS The results showed statistically significant increases for each behaviour: consumption of soy foods (P < 0.001), milk (P < 0.001), more exercise (P = 0.01) and vitamin D/exposure to sunlight (P < 0.001) for the case group compared with the control group. Most participants either disagreed (n = 15, 39.0%) or strongly disagreed (n = 23, 61.0%) that there was not enough information provided in the education programme to motivate them to change. They rated the nurse's performance as either satisfactory or very satisfactory on presentation, ability to answer their questions and ability to describe each behaviour clearly. CONCLUSION Although positive results with a nurse-initiated education programme were demonstrated, future research examining the effects of education and occupation on these four adoption behaviours should focus on more diverse populations with respect to age, income or ethnicity. The findings suggest the value of creative approaches in future health education for the prevention of osteoporosis, and the need for a critical appraisal of current strategies and a re-evaluation of services and funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Fai Chan
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Wang JM, Ko CY, Chen LC, Wang WL, Chang WC. Functional role of NF-IL6beta and its sumoylation and acetylation modifications in promoter activation of cyclooxygenase 2 gene. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34:217-31. [PMID: 16397300 PMCID: PMC1325205 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkj422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-IL6β regulates gene expression and plays function roles in many tissues. The EGF-regulated cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) expression is mediated through p38MAPK signaling pathway and positively correlates with NF-IL6β expression in A431 cells. NF-IL6β coordinated with c-Jun on cox-2 transcriptional activation by reporter and small interfering RNA assays. NF-IL6β could directly bind to CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) and cyclic AMP-response element (CRE) sites of the cox-2 promoter by in vitro-DNA binding assay. The C/EBP site was important for basal and, to a lesser extent, for EGF-regulated cox-2 transcription, while the CRE site was a more specific response to EGF inducibility of cox-2 gene. SUMO1 expression attenuated EGF- and NF-IL6β-induced cox-2 promoter activities. NF-IL6β was found to be sumoylated by in vivo- and in vitro-sumoylation assays, and the SUMO1-NF-IL6β (suNF-IL6β) lost its ability to interact with p300 in in vitro-binding assay. NF-IL6β was also acetylated by p300, and acetylation of NF-IL6β enhanced the cox-2 promoter activity stimulated by NF-IL6β itself. In vivo-DNA binding assay demonstrated that EGF stimulated the recruitment of p300 and NF-IL6β to the cox-2 promoter, yet promoted the dissociation of SUMO1-modificated proteins from the promoter. These results indicated that NF-IL6β plays a pivotal role in the regulation of basal and EGF-induced cox-2 transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ming Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Lei-Chin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Nutrition, I-Shou UniversityDashu Township, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan, Taiwan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +886 6 235 3535 Ext. 5496; Fax: +886 6 274 9296;
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Chang MJW, Ko CY, Lin RF, Hsieh LL. Biological monitoring of environment exposure to safrole and the Taiwanese betel quid chewing. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2002; 43:432-437. [PMID: 12399914 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-002-1241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive biological monitoring (BM) method for assessing exposure to the environmental carcinogen safrole has been developed. The method is an isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis of urinary dihydroxychavicol (DHAB) and eugenol, the urinary metabolites of safrole. Good linearity, precision, and accuracy were demonstrated. A recovery of 98.8 +/- 5.4% (SD, n = 3) was found for DHAB and 84.1 +/- 3.4% (n = 3) for eugenol. The quantitation limits of the method were 8 ng for DHAB and 10 ng for eugenol. The validity of the method was demonstrated by a linear dose-response relationship observed in rats given oral doses of safrole at 30, 75, and 150 mg/kg body weight. The method was also used to monitor the environmental exposure to the Taiwanese betel quid (TBQ) chewing, because TBQ used in Taiwan not only contains areca (betel) nut, slaked lime, and catechu but also Piper betle inflorescence or its leaves. Both of the latter have a high content of safrole. The feasibility of the method to monitor TBQ chewing was demonstrated by an analysis of 153 spot human urine samples. The results showed that the p value of the nonparametric group comparison was < 0.001 for DHAB and 0.832 for eugenol. The TBQ chewers also exhibited a significantly higher rate of urinary DHAB (but not eugenol) than the nonchewers with an odd ratio of 3.47 (95% CI, 1.61-7.51). However, when only the eugenol-positive subjects were taken into analysis, the ratio rose to 24.38 (95% CI, 3.00-197.90).
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Affiliation(s)
- M J W Chang
- Department of Public Health, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan.
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Lee SF, Ko CY, Wang CT, Chen SSL. Effect of point mutations in the N terminus of the lentivirus lytic peptide-1 sequence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane protein gp41 on Env stability. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:15363-75. [PMID: 11859090 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m201479200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the role of the lentivirus lytic peptide-1 region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein (gp) 41 in viral infection, we examined the effects on virus replication of single amino acid deletions spanning this region in an infectious provirus of the HXB2 strain. Among the mutants analyzed, only the deletion of one of the two adjacent valine residues located at positions 832 and 833 (termed the Delta 833 mutant for simplicity) greatly reduced the steady-state, cell-associated levels of the Env precursor and gp120, as opposed to the wild-type virus. The altered Env phenotype resulted in severely impaired virus infectivity and gp120 incorporation into this mutant virion. Analyses of additional mutants with deletions at Ile-830, Ala-836, and Ile-840 demonstrated that the Delta 830 mutant exhibited the most significant inhibitory effect on Env steady-state expression. These results indicate that the N terminus of the lentivirus lytic peptide-1 region is critical for Env steady-state expression. Among the mutant viruses encoding Env proteins in which residues Val-832 and Val-833 were individually substituted by nonconserved amino acids Ala, Ser, or Pro, which were expected to disrupt the alpha-helical structure in the increasingly severe manner of Pro > Ser > Ala, only the 833P mutant exhibited significantly reduced steady-state Env expression. Pulse labeling and pulse-chase studies demonstrated that the Delta 830, Delta 833, and 833P mutants of Env proteins degraded more rapidly in a time-dependent manner after biosynthesis than did the wild-type Env. The results indicate that residue 830 and 833 mutations are likely to induce a conformational change in Env that targets the mutant protein for cellular degradation. Our study has implications about the structural determinants located at the N terminus of the lentivirus lytic peptide-1 sequence of gp41 that affect the fate of Env in virus-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheau-Fen Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Tompkins RK, Ko CY, Donovan AJ. Internationalization of general surgical journals: origin and content of articles published in North America and Great Britain from 1983 to 1998. Arch Surg 2001; 136:1345-51; discussion 1351-2. [PMID: 11735855 DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.136.12.1345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The origin and characteristics of articles published in the 6 highest rated (Institute for Scientific Information classification) English-language general surgical journals have changed significantly during the past 15 years. DESIGN All articles published in 1983, 1988, 1993, and 1998 in 5 US surgical journals and 1 British surgical journal were reviewed and characterized. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Absolute numbers and proportions of national and international articles published in each journal. RESULTS Articles reviewed included 4868 in US journals and 1380 in the British journal. The total number of US journal articles decreased by 15.1%. The total number of British journal articles increased by 58.9%. The percentage of national articles decreased from 87.5% to 68.8% in US journals (P<.001) and constituted the minority of freely submitted articles in 1998 in 3 of 5 US journals. The percentage of national articles also decreased from 74.8% to 47.1% in the British journal (P<.001). Articles by European and Asian authors showed the most striking increases in all journals. The percentage of basic research articles declined in US journals from 23.3% to 17.9% (P =.001) owing to a 14.9% decline in national basic research articles. The percentage of clinical randomized studies increased from 2.2% to 4.1% (P<.008), but the increase was attributable to international articles. Government funding alone decreased from 13.6% to 11.2%, and government plus another source of funding decreased from 19.2% to 16.7% for national articles in US journals. CONCLUSIONS Internationalization of the highly rated British and the 5 highest rated US general surgical journals has occurred. The decrease in the number of national articles in the US journals has been accompanied by significant decreases in government funding and basic research articles and a static output of clinical randomized studies from North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Tompkins
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA School of Medicine, USA
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Thakur A, Wang EC, Chiu TT, Chen W, Ko CY, Chang JT, Atkinson JB, Fonkalsrud EW, Grosfeld JL. Methodology standards associated with quality reporting in clinical studies in pediatric surgery journals. J Pediatr Surg 2001; 36:1160-4. [PMID: 11479847 DOI: 10.1053/jpsu.2001.25737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Reports of clinical trials often lack adequate descriptions of design and analysis; recent attention has focused on improving this omission so readers can properly assess the strength of the findings and draw their own conclusions. Similar analysis of study design and methodologic standards associated with quality reporting has not been carried out for pediatric surgery journals. METHODS All studies (n = 642) published in 1998 in Journal of Pediatric Surgery (JPS) and Pediatric Surgery International (PSI), were reviewed for demographic data and study design. The frequency of reporting of 11 basic elements of design and analysis was evaluated in randomized clinical trials (RCT), nonrandomized clinical trials (NRCT), and retrospective cohorts (RC) from JPS by consensus of 2 assessors. RESULTS Of the 642 studies, 17% of articles (111 of 642) were classified as clinical studies. Sixty-three were comparative studies and consisted of RC (n = 48), NRCT (n = 12), and RCT (n = 3). Two-thirds of articles published were either case reports or case series (431 of 642), and 16% were basic science articles. Demographic analysis showed a wide range of topics addressed, 4 authors per article, and multiple country of origin of authors. More than 66% of all RCT in JPS reported on eligibility criteria, admission before allocation, random allocation, method of randomization, patients' blindness to treatment, treatment complications, statistical analyses, statistical methods, loss to follow-up, and statistical methods; 2 elements of design and analysis, however, were poorly reported: blind assessment of outcome (33%) and power (17%). CONCLUSIONS There were few randomized, controlled trials in pediatric surgery journals, and further attention should be given to evaluate the causal factors. Nine elements of quality reporting were well reported; however, 2 others were poorly reported; this may improve if editors of pediatric surgical journals provide authors with guidelines on how to report clinical trial design and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Thakur
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Health Services Research, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Ko CY, Rusin LC, Schoetz DJ, Moreau L, Coller JC, Murray JJ, Roberts PL, Marcello PW. Long-term outcomes of the ileal pouch anal anastomosis: the association of bowel function and quality of life 5 years after surgery. J Surg Res 2001; 98:102-7. [PMID: 11426437 DOI: 10.1006/jsre.2001.6171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have reported that mean health related quality of life (HRQL) levels generally attain normalcy following construction of an ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA). It appears inconsistent, however, that these normal HRQL levels are achieved while bowel function (BF) scores generally remain statistically worse than "normal" (e.g., 4-8 stools/day, possible anal leakage, diaper usage). To investigate this inconsistency, the current study attempts to determine if any statistical associations are present between HRQL and BF, specifically in the long term. Multivariate regression analyses are performed using each of 8 individual HRQL domains against the full model of BF characteristics. METHODS All patients more than 5 years status post an ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) procedure for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) at a single institution were studied. FAP was chosen because patients are routinely asymptomatic preoperatively. BF (e.g., stool frequency, anal leakage) and HRQL (using the 8 health domains of the SF-36) were assessed by patient interview. Student's t tests and full model multivariate regression analyses were used to analyze associations between BF and HRQL. RESULTS The sample included 25 patients (14 male). Mean age was 39 years, mean follow-up time was 11 years. Although mean scores for the 8 individual HRQL domains were not statistically different from the general United States population, regression analyses of the different domains did demonstrate significant associations with varying levels of BF. While controlling for age and gender, the analyses show that the physical function domain is improved with the ability to pass flatus independent of stool, and physical role and mental health domains are improved with decreased stool frequency. The social function domain is improved with increased stool retention time, while the perception of general health is improved with less diaper usage and less sexual dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that a statistically significant association between HRQL levels and BF is present. Of the numerous BF characteristics tested, five appear to be of greater importance with regard to certain HRQL domains. This finding may have clinical implications concerning pouch construction and surgical technique. Methodologically, this study demonstrates that merely using mean levels to describe HRQL may not elucidate meaningful relationships between important clinical outcomes, such as function and HRQL.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ko
- UCLA School of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Center, B-537 Factor Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736.
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Abstract
HYPOTHESIS In patients with duodenal adenocarcinoma, certain pathologic features of the tumor will have prognostic significance. DESIGN Retrospective case series. PATIENTS Forty-nine patients diagnosed with duodenal adenocarcinoma between 1957 and 1998. RESULTS The tumors of 31 (63%) of the 49 patients underwent resection, 18 (37%) had surgical palliation or underwent biopsy. Mean (+/- SEM) survival for all patients was 49 +/- 9 months. The patients whose tumors were resected had longer survival than those who underwent palliation (mean +/- SEM, 66 +/- 13 months vs 18 +/- 6 months, P =.02). Multivariate analysis revealed large tumor size (P =.01), transmural invasion (P =.004), and moderate to poor tumor grade (P =.03) were negatively correlated with survival. Lymph node status did not influence survival. CONCLUSIONS Our 40-year experience with duodenal adenocarcinoma demonstrates that large tumor size, advanced histological grade, and transmural invasion are associated with decreased survival. These results underscore the importance of early diagnosis, and suggest the presence of nodal spread is not a contraindication to resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Ryder
- UCLA School of Medicine, Division of General Surgery, PO Box 956904, 10833 Le Conte Ave, CHS 72-231, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6904, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Although numerous important contributions have originated from basic science research performed by surgeons, it seems that such dedicated work is becoming increasingly difficult to accomplish. What are the reasons for this change and what improvements can be made? This study aims to characterize the basic research training and careers of senior academic surgeons to assess and devise strategies for sustaining productive and quality surgical research. METHODS A 25-item survey was sent to 850 senior-level members of academic societies, including the Association of Academic Surgeons, Society of University Surgeons, and American Surgical Association. It addressed each surgeon's clinical and research training and career, as well as opinions concerning surgical research. RESULTS Three hundred seventy-seven (44%) surveys were received. Mean age was 64 years, and 73% were full professors. Seventy-two percent of respondents performed basic science research during training, and for 71% of this group, research was a significant reason for choosing a clinical specialty. Ninety-one percent performed research in the same specialty area during and after training. Of those who performed research during training, a full 99% continued to perform research on completion of training. However, 38% stopped performing basic research by age 39. Seventeen and twenty-three percent stopped basic research between 40 and 49 and between 50 and 59 years of age, respectively. The most common factors causing them to stop were increased clinical load (40%) and increased administrative duties (38%). For respondents who had stopped research prior to age 40, 73% cited increased clinical load as the primary reason. Eighty-five percent felt a dedicated research period should be included in surgery training. CONCLUSIONS Most respondents had participated in basic research during training, and continued similar research after training. However, an overwhelming clinical practice at the junior faculty level seemed to hinder research. We conclude: (1) the majority consensus is that research training is integral to the development of academic surgeons; (2) such research training opportunities appear adequate; however, (3) faculty performing research, particularly at the junior level, need to be better protected from other academic duties, such as clinical practice and administration. The challenge to the leadership of academic surgery will be to enhance such research productivity in the context of increasing academic demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ko
- University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Ko CY, Rusin LC, Schoetz DJ, Moreau L, Coller JA, Murray JJ, Roberts PL, Arnell TD. Does better functional result equate with better quality of life? Implications for surgical treatment in familial adenomatous polyposis. Dis Colon Rectum 2000; 43:829-35; discussion 835-7. [PMID: 10859085 DOI: 10.1007/bf02238022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main impetus for a patient with familial adenomatous polyposis to choose colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis over ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is the better functional result. However, does better functional result necessarily translate into better overall quality of life? Previous studies of other diseases have demonstrated no such correlation. This study was performed to determine whether any relationship exists between functional result and quality of life in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis after ileorectal anastomosis and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. METHODS All patients with familial adenomatous polyposis who underwent colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis or proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis from 1980 to 1998 were studied. Functional data were obtained by questionnaire. Health-related quality of life was assessed by two validated instruments, the SF-36 Physical and Mental Health Summary Scales and the SF-36 Health Survey, which measure physical and mental functioning and eight separate health-quality dimensions, including health perception, physical and social functioning, physical and emotional role limitations, mental health, bodily pain, and energy or fatigue. RESULTS Data were obtained in 44 of 68 patients, 14 with ileorectal anastomosis and 30 with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. No differences were demonstrated between the two groups for patient age, mean follow-up time, and mean patient age at operation. Functional results were worse for the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis group vs. the ileorectal anastomosis group in number of bowel movements per day (7.5 vs. 5.2; P < 0.05), leakage (43 vs. 0 percent; P < 0.01), pad usage (17 vs. 0 percent; P < 0.01), perianal skin problems (33 vs. 7 percent; P < 0.01), food avoidance (80 vs. 43 percent; P < 0.01), and inability to distinguish gas (37 vs. 7 percent; P < 0.01). Results of the health-related quality-of-life surveys, however, demonstrated no difference between the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and ileorectal anastomosis groups. The Physical and Mental summary scales for the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and ileorectal anastomosis groups were not significantly different (Physical Health Scale, 50.3 vs. 50.9; Mental Health Scale, 51.7 vs. 49.6), and none of the eight dimensions of the SF-36 health survey demonstrated statistical differences between the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and ileorectal anastomosis groups. CONCLUSION Better functional results were not equated with better quality of life in this pilot study. Although patients with the ileorectal anastomosis have better functional results than those with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, the measured health-related quality of life as determined by a validated generic health-related quality-of-life instrument is the same for both groups. These results suggest that all patients with familial adenomatous polyposis might be optimally treated with an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. More importantly, this study suggests that health-related quality of life should play a greater role in the evaluation of care and treatment in colon rectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ko
- Department of Colon Rectal Surgery, The Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts 01805, USA
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Chang MJ, Ko CY. Coexposure to epichlorohydrin on the elimination of urinary metabolites of dimethylformamide. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1999; 63:372-378. [PMID: 10475916 DOI: 10.1007/s001289900990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M J Chang
- Toxicology/Pharmacology Laboratory, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Ko CY, Waters PF. Lung volume reduction surgery: a cost and outcomes comparison of sternotomy versus thoracoscopy. Am Surg 1998; 64:1010-3. [PMID: 9764714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
It remains unknown whether it is better to perform lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) through video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS) or sternotomy. This study compares both approaches in terms of surgical and patient outcomes as well as the associated costs. All patients undergoing LVRS from 1995 to 1997 at one institution by a single surgeon (PFW) were investigated. Preoperative, postoperative, and cost data were obtained from medical and financial records. A total of 42 patients with severe emphysema underwent LVRS (19 via sternotomy and 23 via thoracoscopy). Both groups were comparable preoperatively. Comparison of intraoperative times revealed VATS takes longer to perform (sternotomy, 118 +/- 29 minutes; thoracoscopy, 168 +/- 20 minutes). Postoperatively, the sternotomy patients had more days on the ventilator, more days in the intensive care unit, more days with an air leak, and longer hospital stays. In both groups, the majority of patients reported improvement in oxygen dependence as well as quality of life. Neither surgical approach conferred any long-term medical advantage; however, the average total hospital costs and charges were reduced in the VATS group (average cost: VATS, $27,178; sternotomy, $37,299). This study concludes that 1) LVRS seems to be beneficial for selected patients with end-stage emphysema; 2) postoperative morbidity and length of hospital stay are decreased in the VATS group; 3) long-term improvement in postoperative pulmonary function is not influenced by surgical approach; and 4) the overall charges and costs of the VATS approach is less than that of sternotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ko
- Department of Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles, USA
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Ko CY, Whang EE, Karamanoukian R, Longmire WP, McFadden DW. What is the best method of surgical training?: A report of America's leading senior surgeons. Arch Surg 1998; 133:900-5. [PMID: 9711966 DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.133.8.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize the career choices and developments made by leading senior surgeons in this country and to examine hypothetically whether application of a short tracking program would have hindered their career decisions. DESIGN A survey pertaining to each surgeon's career, decisions, and opinions concerning surgical training. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Senior surgeons of regional and national surgical societies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Survey responses. RESULTS A total of 352 surveys (41.4%) were received. Respondents answered that the most common reasons for choosing a specialty were role models or mentors (56%), research (51%), and available patient population (23%). The 2 most common stages in a career at which the respondents became interested in a specialty, or an area of expertise, were at the junior residency level (when the specialty was chosen) and at the assistant professor level (when a more specific topic within the specialty was chosen). The most common stage at which the group believed they acquired their expertise was also at the assistant professor level. Seventy-one percent of respondents believed broad training was superior to a short tracking system, although none had participated in shortened surgical training. CONCLUSIONS Most leading senior surgeons in this country still believe that broad surgical training is superior and should be maintained. Because career specialties in this surveyed group were generally chosen in early residency, a hypothetical application of the short tracking system would have still allowed for these important decisions to be made. Also, it seems likely that specialty and career development would not have been hindered because "expertization" mostly occurred after training was completed. Regardless of training method, a role model or mentor seems most important in career choices and developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ko
- Division of General Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif 90095, USA
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Micheel AP, Ko CY, Guh HY. Ion chromatography method and validation for the determination of sulfate and sulfamate ions in topiramate drug substance and finished product. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 1998; 709:166-72. [PMID: 9653940 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(98)00048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A stability-indicating assay method has been developed for monitoring topiramate degradation in drug substance and finished product by quantifying sulfamate and sulfate ions. Topiramate in the solid state is stable under ambient conditions but can degrade under stress conditions (elevated temperatures and humidities). This method detects and quantitates sulfamate and sulfate ions (the inorganic part of the decomposition) and in conjunction with an assay method for topiramate and its known organic degradation product provides total molar accountability. The chromatographic system consists of a sodium hydroxide gradient (2-25 mM) and an anion-exchange HPLC column and an anion suppressor. The analysis is complete in 30 min. The method utilizes the same sample preparation as the topiramate assay method which increases sample efficiency and throughput. The method has been validated for analysis of degraded and nondegraded topiramate drug substance and finished product.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Micheel
- Analytical Research and Development, The R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Spring House, PA 19477-0776, USA
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Chien SH, Hung SH, Cheng YM, Lin GT, Lin SY, Ko CY, Chen LH, Chiang HC. Surgical treatment of pathologic fracture of the femur. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 1997; 13:556-61. [PMID: 9348733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A retrospective study of the surgical treatment of 32 metastatic lesions of the femur in 30 patients at the Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital was performed from 1987 to 1994. There were 16 women and 14 men with an average age of 61 years. A surgical technique combining internal fixation or prosthesis and methylmethacrylate cement was used in all cases. Adequate pain relief was achieved in thirty-one cases (97 %). Of the entire group, 20 cases (62%) remained ambulatory, 10 cases (31%) were confined to a wheelchair, only two cases had implant failure and one suffered from infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Chien
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of preemptive analgesia in patients who were undergoing an operation for acute appendicitis. DESIGN Double-blind, randomized control trial. SETTING Public hospital. PATIENTS Patients who presented with presumed appendicitis. INTERVENTION Patients received 1 of the following treatments: group 1, preemptive analgesia with a combination of lidocaine hydrochloride and bupivacaine hydrochloride; group 2, preemptive analgesia with saline solution; or group 3, nothing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, analgesic requirements, number of analgesic doses required, and length of hospital stay. RESULTS No differences were noted in postoperative pain, the total number of analgesic doses per day, the quantity of narcotic medication administered, and the length of hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS Compared with healthy control subjects, preemptive analgesia did not reduce postoperative pain, reduce analgesic requirements, or shorten the length of hospital stay in patients who underwent an appendectomy. Premptive analgesia may be applicable only for patients without preoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ko
- Department of Surgery, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, USA
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Ko CY, Tong J, Lehman RE, Shelton AA, Schrock TR, Welton ML. Biofeedback is effective therapy for fecal incontinence and constipation. Arch Surg 1997; 132:829-33; discussion 833-4. [PMID: 9267265 DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.1997.01430320031004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define the role of biofeedback in fecal incontinence and constipation. DESIGN A case series of patients with fecal incontinence or constipation with pelvic floor dysfunction. SETTING Tertiary care center with an anorectal physiology laboratory. PATIENTS Patients with 1 of the following: (1) chronic or acute fecal incontinence, (2) fecal incontinence and neurologic injury, or (3) constipation with pelvic floor dysfunction. INTERVENTION Electromyogram-guided biofeedback retraining of the pelvic floor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Resolution of electromyographic abnormalities and subjective resolution of fecal incontinence or constipation. RESULTS Of the patients with fecal incontinence, 92% experienced significant improvement with biofeedback without significant improvement in electromyographic values. Of the patients with constipation and pelvic floor dysfunction 80% experienced improvement with biofeedback without significant change in electromyographic values. CONCLUSION Biofeedback is effective in selected patients with fecal incontinence and constipation with pelvic floor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ko
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
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