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Ramjist JK, Sutthatarn P, Elliott C, Lee KS, Fecteau A. Introduction of a Warming Bundle to Reduce Hypothermia in Neonatal Surgical Patients. J Pediatr Surg 2024; 59:858-862. [PMID: 38388284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypothermia in the neonatal surgical population has been linked with significant morbidity and mortality. Our goal was to decrease intra and postoperative hypothermia. INTERVENTION In November 2021, a radiant warmer and hat were included along with standard warming methods prior to the start of General Surgery procedures to minimize episodes of hypothermia. PRIMARY OUTCOME Core body temperature was measured pre, intra and post-operatively. METHODS Data were prospectively collected from electronic medical records from July 2021 to March 2023. A retrospective analysis was performed. Hypothermia was defined as a temperature <36.5C. Control charts were created to analyze the effect of interventions. RESULTS A total of 277 procedures were identified; 226 abdominal procedures, 31 thoracic, 14 skin/soft tissue and 6 anorectal. The median post-natal age was 36.1 weeks (IQR: 33.2-39.2), with a pre-surgical weight of 2.3 kg (IQR: 1.6-3.0) and operative duration of 181 min (IQR: 125-214). Hat and warmer data were unavailable for 59 procedures, both hat and warmer were used for 51 % procedures, hat alone for 29 %, warmer alone for 10 % and neither for 10 % of procedures. Over time there was a significant increase in hat utilization while warmer usage was unchanged. There was a significant increase in the mean lowest intra-operative temperature and decrease in proportion of hypothermic patients intra-operatively and post-operatively. CONCLUSIONS The inclusion of a radiant warmer and hat decreased the proportion of hypothermic patients during and after surgery. Further studies are necessary to analyze the impact on surgical outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua K Ramjist
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pattamon Sutthatarn
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christine Elliott
- Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kyong-Soon Lee
- Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Annie Fecteau
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Elliott C, McCaul S, Hayes J. Establishing a Post-Acute Covid-19 AHP Led Rehabilitation Clinic. Ir Med J 2022; 115:542. [PMID: 35418075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aim We assessed the effectiveness of an AHP-led rehabilitation service for patients with Covid-19 respiratory failure post-discharge from Cavan Hospital. Methods Of the 140 patients discharged from Cavan hospital with Covid-19, from March to June 2020, 3.6% required MV or HFNC. Using BTS guidelines a pathway was established. Patients underwent a 6 week post discharge telephone assessment. Of the 12 eligible patients only four agreed to participate. Assessments included mMRC dyspnoea score, Nijmegen questionnaire and HADS score. Patients completed an 8 week program including aerobic and endurance training with interval training at 10 stations. Focussed strength exercise was added as required. Results All three patients who completed the program had a real (> 20%) improvement in 6MWT, mMRCC dyspnoea score (1.0) and HADS. No change was seen in O2 saturation. All patients improved on IMSTS (68%, 11% and 41%). Conclusion An AHP led clinic is a safe and cost effective means of providing pulmonary rehabilitation for patients following Covid-19 pneumonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Elliott
- Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, Cavan/Monaghan Hospital RCSI group
| | - S McCaul
- Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, Cavan/Monaghan Hospital RCSI group
| | - J Hayes
- Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, Cavan/Monaghan Hospital RCSI group
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Ward R, Hennessey N, Barty E, Elliott C, Valentine J, Cantle Moore R. Clinical utilisation of the Infant Monitor of vocal Production (IMP) for early identification of communication impairment in young infants at-risk of cerebral palsy: a prospective cohort study. Dev Neurorehabil 2022; 25:101-114. [PMID: 34241555 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2021.1942280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To report prospective longitudinal data of early vocaliszations of infants identified "at-risk" of cerebral palsy (CP) for early identification of communication impairment. METHOD This case-control longitudinal prospective cohort study reports on the assessment of 36 infants, 18 identified as at-risk of CP at the time of enrolment and 18 typically developing (TD) children, at three time points: 6 months, 9 months and 12 months of age, Data were obtained through criterion and norm referenced assessments of vocaliszation behaviors. RESULTS Early vocal behaviors of infants identified as at-risk of CP did not differ from their age matched peers at 6 months of age, however, significant group differences emerged at 9 and 12 months when pre-canonical and canonical babble typically emerge. Generalized linear mixed models analysis showed that the rate of development of early language ability and more complex speech-related vocal behaviors was slower for infants at risk of CP when compared to TD infants, with over 75% of infants with CP showing below normal vocal production and impaired language by 12 months of age. INTERPRETATION Our data suggest characteristics of infant vocalizations associated with pre-canonical and canonical babbling provide a strong evidence base for predicting communication outcomes in infants at risk of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ward
- Kids Rehab, Perth Children's, Hospital, Perth, Australia.,School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Institute of Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - N Hennessey
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - E Barty
- Kids Rehab, Perth Children's, Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - C Elliott
- Kids Rehab, Perth Children's, Hospital, Perth, Australia.,School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
| | - J Valentine
- Kids Rehab, Perth Children's, Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - R Cantle Moore
- NextSense Institute/Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales
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Elliott C, Murji A, Matelski J, Adekola AB, Chrzanowski J, Shirreff L. Rate of Unexpected Malignancy at the Time of Hysterectomy Being Performed for a Benign Indication. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2021.09.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Elliott C. Clinical insights: Preparing for the Tokyo Olympics-Ensuring health and welfare of equine athletes in the face of heat and humidity. Equine Vet J 2021; 53:635-637. [PMID: 33951207 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Elliott
- Elliott Equine Veterinary Sports Medicine, Ballina, NSW, Australia
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Farrell S, McKernan C, Benson T, Elliott C, Dean M. Understanding farmers' and veterinarians' behavior in relation to antimicrobial use and resistance in dairy cattle: A systematic review. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:4584-4603. [PMID: 33612225 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To tackle antimicrobial resistance, it is vital that farmers' and veterinarians' antimicrobial use behaviors and attitudes toward resistance are understood so that we can identify how beliefs and motives influence practices. Current literature details qualitative and quantitative research that explores the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of dairy farmers and veterinarians with respect to antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial practices, and the reported findings are varied and conflicting. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review to assess the evidence and knowledge gaps in the published literature. We identified articles via database searches of Embase, Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science; we limited findings to published articles available in English with no publication year restrictions. Article screening was conducted at 3 levels: title, abstract, and full text. Of the 349 articles identified, 35 were retained for systematic review. Transparency of reporting was assessed for each study using the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) framework. Quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme qualitative checklist. Findings relating to dairy farmers' and veterinarians' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions on antimicrobial resistance and practices were thematically analyzed. The comprehensiveness of reporting was variable: studies reported 5 to 26 of the 32 COREQ checklist items. Five key themes emerged from the data: knowledge and awareness of antimicrobial resistance; factors influencing farmer and veterinarian decision-making; perceived barriers and facilitators to reduced antimicrobial use; perceived responsibility for antimicrobial resistance; and the role of the farmer and veterinarian relationship in reducing antimicrobial use. Awareness of prudent antimicrobial use was not uniform between studies. Many factors influence farmers' and veterinarians' decisions to use antimicrobials, including animal welfare and available resources. The farmer-veterinarian relationship is a potential barrier or facilitator of reduced antimicrobial use, depending on the perceived relationship dynamic. Encouraging collaboration between farmers and veterinarians could lead to shared responsibility for reducing antimicrobial use. This review provided a coherent picture of what is currently known and identified gaps in the current knowledge to inform future behavioral intervention research. Increased knowledge, skill development, resources, engagement, and further research to address the gaps we identified are the main recommendations to effectively overcome barriers, elicit appropriate behavior change, and achieve reduced antimicrobial use in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Farrell
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - C McKernan
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - T Benson
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - C Elliott
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - M Dean
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, United Kingdom.
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Elliott C, Arnold DL, Chen H, Ke C, Zhu L, Chang I, Cahir-McFarland E, Fisher E, Zhu B, Gheuens S, Scaramozza M, Beynon V, Franchimont N, Bradley DP, Belachew S. Patterning Chronic Active Demyelination in Slowly Expanding/Evolving White Matter MS Lesions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1584-1591. [PMID: 32819894 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Slowly expanding/evolving lesions measured by conventional T1-weighted/T2-weighted brain MR imaging may contribute to progressive disability accumulation in MS. We evaluated the longitudinal change in myelin and axonal tissue integrity in white matter slowly expanding/evolving lesions by means of the magnetization transfer ratio and DTI radial diffusivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Slowly expanding/evolving lesions were detected within the Study to Assess the Efficacy, Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of BIIB033 in Participants With Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis When Used Concurrently With Avonex (SYNERGY) Phase 2 clinical trial dataset (NCT01864148), comprising patients with relapsing-remitting and secondary-progressive MS (n = 299) with T1-weighted/T2-weighted MR imaging at all trial time points (baseline to week 72). RESULTS Compared with non-slowly expanding/evolving lesions (areas not classified as slowly expanding/evolving lesion) of baseline nonenhancing T2 lesions, slowly expanding/evolving lesions had a lower normalized magnetization transfer ratio and greater DTI radial diffusivity, both in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (n = 242) and secondary-progressive MS (n = 57, P < .001 for all). Although the changes with time in both the normalized magnetization transfer ratio and DTI radial diffusivity between slowly expanding/evolving lesions and non-slowly expanding/evolving lesions were positively correlated (P < .001), a decrease in the normalized magnetization transfer ratio and a greater increase in DTI radial diffusivity were observed in slowly expanding/evolving lesions versus non-slowly expanding/evolving lesions from baseline to week 72 in relapsing-remitting MS and secondary-progressive MS (P < .001 for all). CONCLUSIONS Patterns of longitudinal change in the normalized magnetization transfer ratio and DTI radial diffusivity in slowly expanding/evolving lesions were consistent with progressive demyelination and tissue loss, as seen in smoldering white matter MS plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Elliott
- From the NeuroRx Research (C.E., D.L.A.) Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D L Arnold
- From the NeuroRx Research (C.E., D.L.A.) Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,McGill University (D.L.A.) Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - H Chen
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - C Ke
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - L Zhu
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - I Chang
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - E Cahir-McFarland
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - E Fisher
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - B Zhu
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - S Gheuens
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - M Scaramozza
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - V Beynon
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - N Franchimont
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - D P Bradley
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - S Belachew
- Biogen (H.C., C.K., L.Z., I.C., E.C.-M., E.F., B.Z., S.G., M.S., V.B., N.F., D.P.B., S.B.), Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Vyas P, O'kane AA, Ager E, Crooks S, Elliott C, Eriksson S, Fraser R, Hallstrom M, Hayes J, Indyk H, Jozwiak S, Kong K, McMahon A, Meneely J, Ming WW, Mitchell B, Sullivan D, Thompson C, Vuyani M, Vyas S, Wilson P. Determination of Vitamin B12 in Fortified Bovine Milk- Based Infant Formula Powder, Fortified Soya-Based Infant Formula Powder, Vitamin Premix, and Dietary Supplements by Surface Plasmon Resonance: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/94.4.1217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted on an inhibition-based protein-binding assay using the Biacore Q™ biosensor instrument and the Biacore Qflex™ Kit Vitamin B12 PI. The samples studied included infant formula, cereals, premixes, vitamin tablets, dietary supplements, and baby food. The collaborative study, which involved 11 laboratories, demonstrated that the assay showed an RSDr of 1.59–27.8 and HorRat values for reproducibility of 0.34–1.89 in samples with levels ranging from ppm to ppb. The assay studied is a label-free protein binding-based assay that uses the principle of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to measure the interaction between vitamin B12 and a specifc binding protein. A Biacore Q biosensor uses this principle to detect binding directly at the surface of a sensor chip with a hydrophilic gold-dextran surface. The instrument passes a mixture of prepared sample extract and binding protein solution across a covalently immobilized vitamin B12 chip surface, and the response is given as free-binding protein as the mixture binds to the immobilized surface. This technique uses the specifcity and robustness of the protein-ligand interaction to allow minimal sample preparation and a wide range of matrixes to be analyzed rapidly. The reagents and accessories needed to perform this assay are provided as the ready-to-use format “Qflex Kit Vitamin B12 PI.” The method is intended for routine use in the quantitative determination of vitamin B12 (as cyanocobalamin) in a wide range of food products, dietary vitamin supplements, and multivitamin premixes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pathik Vyas
- AsureQuality Auckland Laboratory, 131 Boundary Rd, Blockhouse Bay, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anthony A O'kane
- Queen’s University Belfast—Institute for Agri-Food and Land Use (IAFLU), David Keir Bldg, Stranmillis Rd, Belfast, BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
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9
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Ivy D, Rosenzweig EB, Elliott C, Farber H, Frantz R, Gomberg-Maitland M, Mu Y, Zhao C, Kenny E, Selej M, Benza R. RISK ASSESSMENT IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION (PAH): APPLICATION OF THE REVEAL 2.0 RISK CALCULATOR. Chest 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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10
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Elliott C, Carrascosa T, Souchet JL, Smith D, Malaxetxebarria I, You J, Bendahan M, Barnes S, Lisle F, Whitehouse N. Multicentre evaluation of Erytra Eflexis®, a benchtop fully automated analyser with a compact design for routine use in blood transfusion laboratory. Transfus Med 2019; 29:401-407. [PMID: 31321832 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluation of the compact benchtop Erytra Eflexis® automated analyser was performed at three health centres representing a range of routine transfusion workload. BACKGROUND Automation instruments with the simplicity and flexibility adequate for small- to mid-sized blood transfusion services are an unmet need. METHODS Performance in pre-transfusion testing (2109 ABO/D, 382 Rh/K phenotype, 2001 antibody screening, 113 antibody identification, 151 DAT, 88 extended phenotype; 655 cross matching) in comparison to Erytra® as reference device was assessed. Throughput [time to first result (TTFR), final turn-around time (TAT), processing rate] was calculated; usability and adaptability in laboratory practice under routine and with emergency samples were surveyed. RESULTS Agreement between systems was 99·8% (11/5499 test discrepancies, all due to weak/doubtful positive reactions). Erytra Eflexis produced six true positives (two Rh/D, two B positives, two screening), four false positives (three screening and one cross matching) and one false negative (screening). Processing of eight routine samples with the Erytra Eflexis for ABO/Rh(D) and screening took 34-38 min and 32-37 min, respectively, independent of the simultaneous processing of a STAT sample, whether or not the incubator for STAT was reserved. In this scenario, a STAT sample requested within 2 min after the routine load was processed in 14-26 min. Processing rate tended to stabilise and optimise in the larger workloads, particularly in ABO/Rh(D)/K cards (16·7, 18 and 19·5 results/h for 10, 15 and 24 specimens, respectively). CONCLUSION Erytra Eflexis analyser was found to be reliable and suitable for pre-transfusion routine tests performed in a small-/medium-sized blood transfusion laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Elliott
- Blood Transfusion Department, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - T Carrascosa
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Department, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Galdakao, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - J-L Souchet
- Laboratoire d'Analyse Médicales XLABS, Cholet, France
| | - D Smith
- Blood Transfusion Department, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - I Malaxetxebarria
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Department, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Galdakao, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - J You
- Laboratoire d'Analyse Médicales XLABS, Cholet, France
| | - M Bendahan
- Laboratoire d'Analyse Médicales XLABS, Cholet, France
| | - S Barnes
- Blood Transfusion Department, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - F Lisle
- Blood Transfusion Department, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - N Whitehouse
- Blood Transfusion Department, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
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Maranzano J, Dadar M, Rudko DA, De Nigris D, Elliott C, Gati JS, Morrow SA, Menon RS, Collins DL, Arnold DL, Narayanan S. Comparison of Multiple Sclerosis Cortical Lesion Types Detected by Multicontrast 3T and 7T MRI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1162-1169. [PMID: 31221631 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Our aims were the following: 1) to compare multicontrast cortical lesion detection using 3T and 7T MR imaging, 2) to compare cortical lesion type frequency in relapsing-remitting and secondary-progressive MS, and 3) to assess whether detectability is related to the magnetization transfer ratio, an imaging marker sensitive to myelin content. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multicontrast 3T and 7T MR images from 10 participants with relapsing-remitting MS and 10 with secondary-progressive MS. We used the following 3T contrast sequences: 3D-T1-weighted, quantitative T1, FLAIR, magnetization-transfer, and 2D proton-density- and T2-weighted. We used the following 7T contrast sequences: 3D-T1-weighted, quantitative T1, and 2D-T2*-weighted. RESULTS Cortical lesion counts at 7T were the following: 720 total cortical lesions, 420 leukocortical lesions (58%), 27 intracortical lesions (4%), and 273 subpial lesions (38%). Cortical lesion counts at 3T were the following: 424 total cortical, 393 leukocortical (93%), zero intracortical, and 31 subpial (7%) lesions. Total, intracortical, and subpial 3T lesion counts were significantly lower than the 7T counts (P < .002). Leukocortical lesion counts were not significantly different between scanners. Total and leukocortical lesion counts were significantly higher in secondary-progressive MS, at 3T and 7T (P ≤ .02). Subpial lesions were significantly higher in secondary-progressive MS at 7T (P = .006). The magnetization transfer ratio values of leukocortical lesions visible on both scanners were significantly lower than the magnetization transfer ratio values of leukocortical lesions visible only at 3T. No significant difference was found in magnetization transfer ratio values between subpial lesions visible only at 7T and subpial lesions visible on both 3T and 7T. CONCLUSIONS Detection of leukocortical lesions at 3T is comparable with that at 7T MR imaging. Imaging at 3T is less sensitive to intracortical and subpial lesions. Leukocortical lesions not visible on 7T T2*-weighted MRI may be associated with less demyelination than those that are visible. Detectability of subpial lesions does not appear to be related to the degree of demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Maranzano
- From the Department of Anatomy (J.M.), University of Quebec in Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivieres, Quebec, Canada .,McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (J.M., M.D., D.A.R., D.D.N., C.E., D.L.C., D.L.A., S.N.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Dadar
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (J.M., M.D., D.A.R., D.D.N., C.E., D.L.C., D.L.A., S.N.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.D., D.A.R., D.L.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D A Rudko
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (J.M., M.D., D.A.R., D.D.N., C.E., D.L.C., D.L.A., S.N.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.D., D.A.R., D.L.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D De Nigris
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (J.M., M.D., D.A.R., D.D.N., C.E., D.L.C., D.L.A., S.N.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - C Elliott
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (J.M., M.D., D.A.R., D.D.N., C.E., D.L.C., D.L.A., S.N.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J S Gati
- Centre for Functional and Metabolic Mapping (J.S.G., R.S.M.), Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - S A Morrow
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences (S.A.M.), London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - R S Menon
- Centre for Functional and Metabolic Mapping (J.S.G., R.S.M.), Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics (R.S.M.), University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - D L Collins
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (J.M., M.D., D.A.R., D.D.N., C.E., D.L.C., D.L.A., S.N.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.D., D.A.R., D.L.C.), McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D L Arnold
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (J.M., M.D., D.A.R., D.D.N., C.E., D.L.C., D.L.A., S.N.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S Narayanan
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (J.M., M.D., D.A.R., D.D.N., C.E., D.L.C., D.L.A., S.N.), Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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12
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Reynolds JE, Billington J, Kerrigan S, Williams J, Elliott C, Winsor AM, Codd L, Bynevelt M, Licari MK. Mirror neuron system activation in children with developmental coordination disorder: A replication functional MRI study. Res Dev Disabil 2019; 84:16-27. [PMID: 29274848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been hypothesised that abnormal functioning of the mirror neuron system (MNS) may lead to deficits in imitation and the internal representation of movement, potentially contributing to the motor impairments associated with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). AIMS Using fMRI, this study examined brain activation patterns in children with and without DCD on a finger adduction/abduction task during four MNS activation states: observation; motor imagery; execution; and imitation. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Nineteen boys (8.25-12.75 years) participated, including 10 children with DCD (≤16th percentile on MABC-2; no ADHD/ASD), and nine typically developing controls (≥25th percentile on MABC-2). OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Even though children with DCD displayed deficits behaviourally on imitation (Sensory Integration & Praxis Test Subtests) and motor imagery assessments prior to scanning, no differences in MNS activation were seen between the DCD and control groups at a neurological level, with both groups activating mirror regions effectively across conditions. Small clusters of decreased activation during imitation were identified in non-mirror regions in the DCD group, including the thalamus, caudate, and posterior cingulate - regions involved in motor planning and attentional processes. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The results of this study do not provide support for the MNS dysfunction theory as a possible causal mechanism for DCD. Further research to explore attentional and motor planning processes and how they may interact at a network level may enhance our understanding of this complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Reynolds
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia.
| | - J Billington
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - S Kerrigan
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - J Williams
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Australia
| | - C Elliott
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Australia
| | - A M Winsor
- Neurological Intervention & Imaging Service of Western Australia, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Australia
| | - L Codd
- Neurological Intervention & Imaging Service of Western Australia, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Australia
| | - M Bynevelt
- Neurological Intervention & Imaging Service of Western Australia, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Australia
| | - M K Licari
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia
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13
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Barber L, Alexander C, Shipman P, Boyd R, Reid S, Elliott C. Validity and reliability of a freehand 3D ultrasound system for the determination of triceps surae muscle volume in children with cerebral palsy. J Anat 2018; 234:384-391. [PMID: 30525186 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the validity, intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of segmentation of in vivo medial gastrocnemius (MG), lateral gastrocnemius (LG) and soleus (SOL) muscle volume measurement using a single sweep freehand 3D ultrasound (3DUS) in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The MG, LG and SOL of both limbs of 18 children with CP (age 8 years 4 months ± 1 year 10 months, 11 males, unilateral CP = 9, bilateral CP = 9, Gross Motor Functional Classification System I = 11, II = 7) were scanned using freehand 3DUS and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All freehand 3DUS and MRI images were segmented and volumes rendered by two raters. Validity was assessed using limits of agreement method. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability was assessed using intra-class correlation (ICC), coefficient of variance (CV) and minimal detectable change (MDC). Freehand 3DUS overestimated muscle volume of the MG and LG by < 0.3 mL (1%) and underestimated SOL by < 1.3 mL (1.5%) compared with MRI. ICCs for intra-rater reliability of the segmentation process for the freehand 3DUS system and MRI for muscle volume were > 0.98 and 0.99, respectively, for all muscles. ICCs for inter-rater reliability of the segmentation process for freehand 3DUS and MRI volumes were > 0.96 and 0.98, respectively, for all muscles. MDCs for single rater freehand 3DUS and MRI were < 4.0 mL (14%) and 3.2 mL (11%), respectively, in all muscles. Freehand 3DUS is a valid and reliable method for the measurement of lower leg muscle volume that can be measured with a single sweep in children with CP in vivo. It can be used as an alternative to MRI for the detection of clinically relevant changes in calf muscle volume as the result of growth and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Barber
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD, Australia.,Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - C Alexander
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - P Shipman
- Diagnostic Imaging, Princess Margaret Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - R Boyd
- Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - S Reid
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - C Elliott
- School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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14
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Sasse KC, Lambin JH, Gevorkian J, Elliott C, Afshar R, Gardner A, Mehta A, Lambin R, Peraza L. Long-term clinical, radiological, and histological follow-up after complex ventral incisional hernia repair using urinary bladder matrix graft reinforcement: a retrospective cohort study. Hernia 2018; 22:899-907. [PMID: 30276560 PMCID: PMC6245125 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-018-1830-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Complex ventral incisional hernia repair represents a challenging clinical condition in which biologically derived graft reinforcement is often utilized, but little long-term data inform that decision. Urinary bladder matrix (UBM) has shown effectiveness in diverse clinical settings as durable reinforcement graft material, but it has not been studied over a long term in ventral incisional hernia repair. This study evaluates the clinical, radiographic, and histological outcome of complex incisional hernia repair using UBM reinforcement with 12–70 months of follow-up. Methods A single-arm, retrospective observational study of all ventral incisional hernia repairs utilizing UBM reinforcement over a 6-year time frame by a single surgeon was performed. Patients were assessed in long-term follow-up clinically and with the Carolina Comfort Scale. A subset of patients was assessed with abdominal wall ultrasound or CT scan. Three patients had abdominal wall fascial biopsies years after the incisional hernia repair with UBM graft, and the histology is analyzed. Results 64 patients underwent repair of complex incisional hernias with UBM graft reinforcement by a single surgeon. 42 patients had concomitant procedures including large or small bowel resection, excision of infected mesh, evacuation of abscess or hematoma, cholecystectomy, or panniculectomy with abdominoplasty. 16 patients had ostomies at the time of repair. Median follow-up time is 36 months, with a range of 12–70 months. Nine patients (14%) have required surgical repair of a recurrent hernia, and a tenth patient has a recurrence that is managed non-surgically, for a total recurrence rate of 15.6% over the entire time frame. Median time to recurrence was 32 months, and a Kaplan–Meier freedom from recurrence curve is depicted. 28 patients have undergone ultrasound or CT assessments of the abdominal wall which demonstrate radiographic fascial integrity 12–70 months after repair. Three patients have been re-explored for unrelated reasons in the years following ventral incisional hernia repair with UBM, and full thickness fascial biopsies demonstrate a robust remodeling response histologically similar to native myofascial tissue. No patients have developed graft infection, fistulization to the graft, or required graft explantation. Carolina Comfort Scale assessment of 45 patients 3 years after the repair averaged 16 out of a possible 115. Conclusion In 64 patients undergoing complex ventral incisional hernia repair with UBM reinforcement, all have experienced successful resolution of complex clinical conditions and 15.6% of these repairs have recurred at a median follow-up of 3 years. Three full-thickness biopsies of the repaired fascia years later shed light on a promising remodeling response which may signal strength and durability comparable to native fascia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Sasse
- University of Nevada School of Medicine, 75 Pringle Way, Suite 804, Reno, NV, 89502, USA.
| | - J-H Lambin
- University of Nevada School of Medicine, 75 Pringle Way, Suite 804, Reno, NV, 89502, USA
| | - J Gevorkian
- University of Nevada School of Medicine, 75 Pringle Way, Suite 804, Reno, NV, 89502, USA
| | - C Elliott
- University of Nevada School of Medicine, 75 Pringle Way, Suite 804, Reno, NV, 89502, USA
| | - R Afshar
- University of Nevada School of Medicine, 75 Pringle Way, Suite 804, Reno, NV, 89502, USA
| | - A Gardner
- University of Nevada School of Medicine, 75 Pringle Way, Suite 804, Reno, NV, 89502, USA
| | - A Mehta
- University of Nevada School of Medicine, 75 Pringle Way, Suite 804, Reno, NV, 89502, USA
| | - R Lambin
- University of Nevada School of Medicine, 75 Pringle Way, Suite 804, Reno, NV, 89502, USA
| | - L Peraza
- University of Nevada School of Medicine, 75 Pringle Way, Suite 804, Reno, NV, 89502, USA
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15
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Bledsoe J, Stevens S, Woller S, Brown I, Madsen T, Quinn J, Johnson S, Kelly C, Elliott C, Haug P. 375 Comparison of Electronic Clinical Decision Support for the Diagnosis of Suspected Pulmonary Embolism in Three Health Care Systems. Ann Emerg Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.08.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Yalla K, Elliott C, Day JP, Findlay J, Barratt S, Hughes ZA, Wilson L, Whiteley E, Popiolek M, Li Y, Dunlop J, Killick R, Adams DR, Brandon NJ, Houslay MD, Hao B, Baillie GS. FBXW7 regulates DISC1 stability via the ubiquitin-proteosome system. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1278-1286. [PMID: 28727686 PMCID: PMC5984089 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) is a multi-functional scaffolding protein that has been associated with neuropsychiatric disease. The role of DISC1 is to assemble protein complexes that promote neural development and signaling, hence tight control of the concentration of cellular DISC1 in neurons is vital to brain function. Using structural and biochemical techniques, we show for we believe the first time that not only is DISC1 turnover elicited by the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) but that it is orchestrated by the F-Box protein, FBXW7. We present the structure of FBXW7 bound to the DISC1 phosphodegron motif and exploit this information to prove that disruption of the FBXW7-DISC1 complex results in a stabilization of DISC1. This action can counteract DISC1 deficiencies observed in neural progenitor cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells from schizophrenia patients with a DISC1 frameshift mutation. Thus manipulation of DISC1 levels via the UPS may provide a novel method to explore DISC1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yalla
- College of Veterinary Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - C Elliott
- College of Veterinary Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
| | - J P Day
- College of Veterinary Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Findlay
- College of Veterinary Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S Barratt
- College of Veterinary Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Z A Hughes
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - L Wilson
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - E Whiteley
- College of Veterinary Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Popiolek
- Neuroscience Research Unit, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Y Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Centre, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - J Dunlop
- AstraZeneca, Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines & Early Development, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - R Killick
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
| | - D R Adams
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N J Brandon
- AstraZeneca, Neuroscience, Innovative Medicines & Early Development, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - M D Houslay
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College, London, UK
| | - B Hao
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Centre, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - G S Baillie
- College of Veterinary Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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17
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Farber H, Badlam J, Frost A, Benza R, Austin E, Badesch D, Chung W, Poms A, Feldkircher K, Yu C, Pauciulo M, Nichols W, Elliott C. The United States Pulmonary Hypertension Scientific Registry (USPHSR): Objectives and Preliminary Data. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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18
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Willis CE, Reid S, Elliott C, Rosenberg M, Nyquist A, Jahnsen R, Girdler S. A realist evaluation of a physical activity participation intervention for children and youth with disabilities: what works, for whom, in what circumstances, and how? BMC Pediatr 2018; 18:113. [PMID: 29544462 PMCID: PMC5856004 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-018-1089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The need to identify strategies that facilitate involvement in physical activity for children and youth with disabilities is recognised as an urgent priority. This study aimed to describe the association between context, mechanisms and outcome(s) of a participation-focused physical activity intervention to understand what works, in what conditions, and how. METHODS This study was designed as a realist evaluation. Participant recruitment occurred through purposive and theoretical sampling of children and parents participating in the Local Environment Model intervention at Beitostolen Healthsports Centre in Norway. Ethnographic methods comprising participant observation, interviews, and focus groups were employed over 15 weeks in the field. Data analysis was completed using the context-mechanism-outcome framework of realist evaluation. Context-mechanism-outcome connections were generated empirically from the data to create a model to indicate how the program activated mechanisms within the program context, to enable participation in physical activity. RESULTS Thirty one children with a range of disabilities (mean age 12y 6 m (SD 2y 2 m); 18 males) and their parents (n = 44; 26 mothers and 18 fathers) participated in the study. Following data synthesis, a refined program theory comprising four context themes, five mechanisms, and six outcomes, were identified. The mechanisms (choice, fun, friends, specialised health professionals, and time) were activated in a context that was safe, social, learning-based and family-centred, to elicit outcomes across all levels of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. CONCLUSIONS The interaction of mechanisms and context as a whole facilitated meaningful outcomes for children and youth with disabilities, and their parents. Whilst optimising participation in physical activity is a primary outcome of the Local Environment Model, the refined program theory suggests the participation-focused approach may act as a catalyst to promote a range of outcomes. Findings from this study may inform future interventions attempting to enable participation in physical activity for children and youth with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. E. Willis
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, M408 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA 6008 Australia
| | - S. Reid
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, M408 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA 6008 Australia
| | - C. Elliott
- Department of Paediatric Rehabilitation, Child and Adolescent Health Service, 37-39 Hay St, Perth, WA 6008 Australia
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Kent St, Perth, WA 6102 Australia
| | - M. Rosenberg
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, M408 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA 6008 Australia
| | - A. Nyquist
- Beitostolen Healthsports Centre, Sentervegen 4, 2953 Beitostolen, Oppland Norway
| | - R. Jahnsen
- Beitostolen Healthsports Centre, Sentervegen 4, 2953 Beitostolen, Oppland Norway
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences for Children, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - S. Girdler
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Kent St, Perth, WA 6102 Australia
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19
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Robinson S, Harris A, Atkinson S, Atterbury C, Bolton-Maggs P, Elliott C, Hawkins T, Hazra E, Howell C, New H, Shackleton T, Shreeve K, Taylor C. The administration of blood components: a British Society for Haematology Guideline. Transfus Med 2017; 28:3-21. [PMID: 29110357 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Robinson
- Department of Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Harris
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT), Birmingham, UK
| | - S Atkinson
- Department Anaesthesia, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Chair of Northern Ireland Transfusion Committee, Northern, Ireland
| | - C Atterbury
- Department of Haematology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Kings Lynn NHS Foundation Trust, King's Lyn, UK
| | - P Bolton-Maggs
- Serious Hazards of Transfusion (SHOT) Office, NHSBT, Manchester, UK
| | - C Elliott
- Transfusion, South Tees Hospitals NHS Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - T Hawkins
- Department of Haematology, Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, Berkshire, UK
| | - E Hazra
- NHS National Services Scotland, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service - Better Blood Transfusion, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - C Howell
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, NHSBT, Bristol, UK
| | - H New
- Products, NHSBT, London, UK
| | - T Shackleton
- Department of Haematology, Alder Hey Hospital Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - K Shreeve
- Better Blood Transfusion Team, Welsh Blood Service, Pencoed, UK
| | - C Taylor
- Haematology, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, UK
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20
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Robinson L, Elliott C, Newton JL, Rawles L, Frith J. 13MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSES (MOOCS): EDUCATING AND EMPOWERING OLDER ADULTS ABOUT FALLS. Age Ageing 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx115.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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21
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Taylor S, McLean B, Falkmer T, Carey L, Girdler S, Elliott C, Blair E. Does somatosensation change with age in children and adolescents? A systematic review. Child Care Health Dev 2016; 42:809-824. [PMID: 27470009 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Somatosensory modalities, such as touch, proprioception and haptic ability, greatly influence the achievement of developmental milestones for children. Describing somatosensory impairment, natural variability and typical or expected developmental changes across age groups will help establish frameworks for intervention in clinical populations. This systematic review aimed to determine how different somatosensory modalities develop across childhood into adolescence to use as a point of reference for children at risk of somatosensory impairment. METHODS Searches of five electronic databases were undertaken through EBSCO-host (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and ERIC) for studies measuring at least one somatosensory modality in typically developing individuals between birth and 18 years and analysed by age. Characteristics of studies were collected including country of origin, sample size, demographics and outcome measure used. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. RESULTS Twenty three cross-sectional studies were included from a total of 188 articles retrieved: 8 examined aspects of touch, 5 proprioception and 10 haptic ability. Variability of study designs and variation in assessment tools precluded any formal meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS Somatosensation matures through childhood into adolescence; however, the present review found the pattern of somatosensory development varied depending on the assessment tool used and the aspect of somatosensation being measured, making it difficult to describe typical performance. There is a need for comprehensive assessment batteries to measure the somatosensation, including touch, proprioception and haptic ability, of children at risk of somatosensory impairment to aid in the development of effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Taylor
- Faculty of Computing Health and Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia. .,School of Occupational Therapy and Social work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia. .,Department of Paediatric Rehabilitation, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia.
| | - B McLean
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Department of Paediatric Rehabilitation, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia
| | - T Falkmer
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - L Carey
- Neurorehabilitation and Recovery, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Girdler
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Population Sciences, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
| | - C Elliott
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Department of Paediatric Rehabilitation, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia
| | - E Blair
- Population Sciences, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
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22
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Elliott C, Sy R, Fidelman J, Spielman L, Gordon W. Traumatic Brain Injury-3Performance-Based Assessment of Executive Functioning in Traumatic Brain Injury. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw042.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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23
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Nakayama I, Scholand MB, Best D, Sumner K, Chung W, Brown L, Elliott C. KCNK3 Mutations Are Found in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated With Fenfluramine or Dexfenfluramine Ingestion. Chest 2015. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.2274714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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24
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Swenson T, Virk Hundal N, Chapin C, Elliott C, Leung J, Katz A, Hesterberg P, Shreffler W, Yuan Q. Quality of life for children with eosinophilic esophagitis: a comparison of patients’ and parents’ perceptions and associated factors using the PedsQL™ 3.0 Eosinophilic Esophagitis Module. Clin Transl Allergy 2015. [PMCID: PMC4412546 DOI: 10.1186/2045-7022-5-s3-p159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - John Leung
- Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | | | | | | | - Qian Yuan
- Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
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25
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Woolley PA, Elliott C. Breeding in wild populations of a small dasyurid marsupial, Planigale ingrami, in north-western Queensland using a novel method for collection of specimens. Aust Mammalogy 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/am13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive biology of the long-tailed planigale (Planigale ingrami) is less well known than that of its congeners P. gilesi and P. tenuirostris. Aspects of the anatomy of reproductive structures and the pattern of reproduction of P. ingrami were established by examination of specimens extracted from the stomachs of feral cats shot in north-western Queensland. This species has an extended breeding season that commences in August and probably ends in December, and both males and females may live to breed in more than one season, providing support for the similarity of the reproductive strategies of these three species of Planigale. Females of P. ingrami have twelve nipples in the pouch, the form of which may differ from that of other planigales. Pouch morphology may prove useful in the identification of species of Planigale providing observations are made on the appearance of the pouch throughout the breeding cycle.
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26
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Durigon M, Elliott C, Purssell R, Kosatsky T. Canadian poison control centres: preliminary assessment of their potential as a resource for public health surveillance. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2013; 51:886-91. [PMID: 24134535 DOI: 10.3109/15563650.2013.841182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT In the United States (US) and Europe, surveillance based on calls to poison control centres has identified new hazards and evolving exposure trends. In Canada, the value of poison control centre calls as a tool for health hazard surveillance is largely unrecognized. OBJECTIVES This preliminary survey was undertaken to describe current operational characteristics and surveillance capacities at Canadian poison control centres and to determine potential for developing a Canadian poison control centre collaborative network. METHODS A structured quantitative-qualitative survey was administered to medical directors and clinical supervisors at the five Canadian poison control centres between March and May, 2012. RESULTS All five Canadian poison control centres operate 24/7 with each serving more than one province/territory. Annual call volumes range from 10,000 to 58,000. Data analysis is limited to detection of previously unrecognized hazards and short-term event-based adverse health monitoring. Currently no centre maintains systematic ongoing collection, integration and analysis of data. Constraints on personnel, resources and funding were identified as barriers to increasing capacity to provide and analyse call data. CONCLUSIONS The potential exists to use Canadian poison control data as a novel source of public health surveillance. That they serve as sentinels for new or unexpected exposure events, have real-time electronic call-record capacity and demonstrate an interest in developing and sharing their call-record information supports their integration into existing public health networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Durigon
- Canadian Field Epidemiology Program, Public Health Agency of Canada , Ottawa, ON , Canada
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Haider MA, Krieger A, Elliott C, Da Rosa MR, Milot L. Prostate imaging: evaluation of a reusable two-channel endorectal receiver coil for MR imaging at 1.5 T. Radiology 2013; 270:556-65. [PMID: 24471393 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.13130811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To prospectively compare image quality with use of a two-channel solid reusable phased-array endorectal receiver coil (SPAC) with that of the single-channel inflatable endorectal balloon coil currently in widespread use for 1.5-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the prostate. MATERIALS AND METHODS Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained. Multiparametric prostate MR imaging at 1.5 T was performed in patients who were suspected of having cancer. Thirty consecutive patients were included (mean age, 66.1 years; range, 49-76 years). The first 15 patients were imaged by using a balloon coil and an eight-channel external array, and the remaining 15 were imaged with a SPAC alone. One patient was imaged with both techniques. Axial T2-weighted images acquired at both standard and high spatial resolution were used to compare image quality between coils. Qualitative assessments of image quality were made separately by three radiologists. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) profiles were determined on a pixel-by-pixel basis in a 1-cm central band in the prostate by using T1-weighted axial images at the apex, midgland, and base. Interrater reliability was determined by using a two-way intraclass correlation coefficient, qualitative scores were compared by using the Student t test for independent samples, and SNR profiles were plotted by using a Biot-Savart curve approximation. RESULTS SNR of the SPAC was significantly better compared with that of the balloon coil at distances up to 3.0 cm at the apex and 3.5 cm at the base and midgland (P < .001). There was a 7% improvement in SNR at the mean maximal anteroposterior prostate dimension in this cohort and a 96% improvement at half this distance. At both standard and high spatial resolution, significant improvements in overall image quality (P = .015 and P < .001, respectively), visibility of the anterior gland (P = .009 and P < .001, respectively), and noise (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively) were seen when the SPAC was used. Interrater reliability was 0.536 (95% confidence interval: 0.461, 0.603). CONCLUSION Both SNR and image quality were significantly improved with use of the SPAC at 1.5 T compared with use of the single-channel inflatable endorectal balloon coil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoom A Haider
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada M4N 3M5 (M.A.H., M.R.D.R., L.M.); Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC (A.K.); and Hologic, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (C.E.)
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Liao LM, Elliott C, Ahmed F, Creighton SM. Adult recall of childhood female genital cutting and perceptions of its effects: a pilot study for service improvement and research feasibility. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2013; 33:292-5. [PMID: 23550862 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2012.758695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to gather information from service users of an African Women's Clinic for the purposes of planning service improvement and estimating research feasibility. The report is based on 17 interviews with Somali speaking women who had experienced female genital cutting in childhood. With language barriers removed, a high percentage of clinic attendees responded positively to the invitation to participate in research. They willingly discussed their experiences of FGM and expressed their negative viewpoints about the practice of FGM, suggesting that psychosocial and psychosexual research may be feasibly carried out in specialist contexts. The results also point to the need for psychological and educational input for service improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-M Liao
- University College London, Institute for Women's Health, London, UK.
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Milkins C, Berryman J, Cantwell C, Elliott C, Haggas R, Jones J, Rowley M, Williams M, Win N. Guidelines for pre-transfusion compatibility procedures in blood transfusion laboratories. Transfus Med 2012; 23:3-35. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.2012.01199.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - C. Milkins
- UK NEQAS (BTLP); West Herts Hospitals NHS Trust; Watford; UK
| | - J. Berryman
- Department of Blood Transfusion; University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust; London; UK
| | - C. Cantwell
- Department of Blood Transfusion; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; London; UK
| | - C. Elliott
- Department of Blood Transfusion; South Tees Healthcare Trust; Middlesborough; UK
| | - R. Haggas
- Department of Blood Transfusion; Leeds teaching Hospital NHS Trust; Leeds; UK
| | - J. Jones
- Welsh Blood Service; Cardiff; UK
| | | | | | - N. Win
- Tooting Centre; NHSBT; Tooting; UK
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Elliott C, Oliver CH. Patrick George Campbell Manson. Assoc Med J 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.e4038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Miranda BH, Elliott C, Fahmy FS. Bilateral Dupuytren's contractures of the thumb interphalangeal joints. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2012; 65:1738-40. [PMID: 22652288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2012.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dupuytren's disease was first described by Baron Guillaume Dupuytren in 1831. He outlined the pathology of palmar fascia thickening and contracture resulting in flexion of one or more digits. Dupuytren's disease usually affects the little or ring fingers, with the thumb rarely affected. Furthermore, the thumb in isolation is only affected in 0.5% of cases, with contracture at the metacarpophalangeal joint. We present a unique and interesting case of Dupuytren's disease predominantly of the thumbs, with isolated contractures bilaterally at the interphalangeal joints, in a 59 year old lady with epilepsy who was otherwise fit and well. To our knowledge this disease pattern has never been reported in the literature. Furthermore a relevant literature review of Dupuytren's disease affecting the thumb, in particular the interphalangeal joint, is presented. Our interesting and unique case reinforces the notion that the disease pathogenesis is diverse and multifactorial, and provides a further interesting example for the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Miranda
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Department, Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Countess of Chester Health Park, Liverpool Road, Chester CH2 1UL, UK.
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Allard S, Burgess G, Cuthbertson B, Elliott C, Haggas R, Jones J, Robertson B, Sadani D, Smith K. Guidelines for validation and qualification, including change control, for hospital transfusion laboratories*. Transfus Med 2012; 22:5-43. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.2011.01124.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
1. Crude glycerol from biodiesel production was offered ad libitum to broiler chickens in a 21-d feeding and digestibility trial. The study was designed as a 3*2 + 1 factorial design with 3 concentrations (33, 67, 100 g/kg) of glycerol from 2 sources, A and B (PRS Environmental Ltd and John Thompson and Sons Ltd) and a control diet. The diets were formulated to contain apparent metabolisable energy (AME) of 12·95 MJ/kg (assuming 14·6 MJ/kg for glycerol). 2. No significant interactions occurred, so only the main effects were discussed. At 7-14 d, feed conversion ratio (FCR) showed a significant linear response with increased glycerol inclusion. However quadratic responses on FCR were observed for the 21-28 d period and 7-28 d. 3. Glycerol digestibility was significantly greater with birds offered the 67 g/kg and 100 g/kg glycerol-based diets in contrast to the digestibility of 33 g/kg glycerol-based diets. 4. Glycerol inclusion level also had an effect on AME, which increased linearly with increasing glycerol inclusion. Birds offered the diets containing glycerol also required less energy per unit gain in contrast to birds offered the control diet. 5. When examining the effect of source of glycerol, source A glycerol resulted in the highest AME (15·20 vs. 14·72 MJ/kg). There was no significant effect of glycerol source on the other performance parameters. 6. Glycerol digestibility was significantly greater with glycerol from source B (John Thompson and Sons, Ltd) with a mean value of 0·848 in contrast to source A (PRS Environmental), which had a somewhat lower mean glycerol digestibility of 0·757. 7. In conclusion, glycerol source did not affect performance and increasing level of glycerol improved FCR, with 67 g/kg inclusion resulting in the most efficient conversion of feed to gain without any negative effects upon nutrient digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- L McLea
- The Queen's University of Belfast, School of Biological Sciences, Newforge Lane, Belfast
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Malone E, Elliott C, Kennedy G, Savage D, Regan L. Surveillance study of a number of synthetic and natural growth promoters in bovine muscle samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2011; 28:597-607. [PMID: 21598141 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2011.560896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple, new method permitting the simultaneous determination and confirmation of trace residues of 24 different growth promoters and metabolites using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was developed and validated. The compounds were extracted from bovine tissue using acetonitrile; sodium sulphate was also added at this stage to aid with purification. The resulting mixture was then evaporated to approximately 1 ml and subsequently centrifuged at high speed and an aliquot injected onto the LC-MS/MS system. The calculated CCα values ranged between 0.11 and 0.46 µg kg(-1); calculated CCβ were in the range 0.19-0.79 µg kg(-1). Accuracy, measurement of uncertainty, repeatability and linearity were also determined for each analyte. The analytical method was applied to a number of bovine tissue samples imported into Ireland from third countries. Levels of progesterone were found in a number of samples at concentrations ranging between 0.28 and 30.30 µg kg(-1). Levels of alpha- and beta-testosterone were also found in a number of samples at concentrations ranging between 0.22 and 8.63 µg kg(-1) and between 0.16 and 2.08 µg kg(-1) respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Malone
- The State Laboratory, Backweston, Celbridge Co., Kildare, Ireland.
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Parulekar W, Chen BE, Elliott C, Shepherd LE, Gelmon KA, Pritchard KI, Whelan TJ, Ligibel JA, Hershman DL, Mayer IA, Hobday TJ, Rastogi P, Lemieux J, Ganz PA, Stambolic V, Goodwin PJ. A phase III randomized trial of metformin versus placebo on recurrence and survival in early-stage breast cancer (BC) (NCIC Clinical Trials Group MA.32). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.tps103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Hershman DL, Cheung AM, Chapman JW, Ingle JN, Ahmed F, Hu H, Scher J, Leeson S, Elliott C, Le Maitre A, Shepherd LE, Goss PE. Effects of adjuvant exemestane versus anastrozole on bone mineral density: Two-year results of the NCIC CTG MA.27 bone companion study. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Publicover J, Gallop D, Elliott C, Abed J, Simeonov A, O’Leary G, Iupati D, Krieger A, Menard C. A Navigation Strategy for Patient-Specific Needle Deflection in Transperineal MRI-Guided Prostate Interventions. Brachytherapy 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2011.02.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Keramarou M, Cottrell S, Evans MR, Moore C, Stiff RE, Elliott C, Thomas DR, Lyons M, Salmon RL. Two waves of pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 in Wales--the possible impact of media coverage on consultation rates, April-December 2009. Euro Surveill 2011; 16:19772. [PMID: 21262184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the United Kingdom, the influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic had a distinct two-wave pattern of general practice consultations for influenza-like illness (ILI). We describe the epidemiology of the influenza pandemic in Wales between April and December 2009 using integrated data from a number of independent sources: GP surveillance, community virology surveillance, hospital admissions and deaths, and media enquiries monitoring. The first wave peaked in late July at 100 consultations per 100,000 general practice population and attracted intensive media coverage. The positivity rate for the A(H1N1)2009 influenza did not exceed 25% and only 44 hospitalisations and one death were recorded. By contrast, the second wave peaked in late October and although characterised by lower ILI consultation rates (65 consultations per 100,000 general practice population) and low profile media activity, was associated with much higher positivity rates for pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 (60%) and substantially more hospital admissions (n=379) and deaths (n=26). The large number of ILI-related consultations during the first wave in Wales probably reflected the intensive media activity rather than influenza virus circulating in the community. Data from community surveillance schemes may therefore have considerably overestimated the true incidence of influenza. This has implications for the future interpretation of ILI surveillance data and their use in policy making, and underlines the importance of using integrated epidemiological, virological and hospital surveillance data to monitor influenza activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Keramarou
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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Keramarou M, Cottrell S, Evans MR, Moore C, Stiff RE, Elliott C, Thomas DR, Lyons M, Salmon RL. Two waves of pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 in Wales – the possible impact of media coverage on consultation rates, April – December 2009. Euro Surveill 2011. [DOI: 10.2807/ese.16.03.19772-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the United Kingdom, the influenza A(H1N1)2009 pandemic had a distinct two-wave pattern of general practice consultations for influenza-like illness (ILI). We describe the epidemiology of the influenza pandemic in Wales between April and December 2009 using integrated data from a number of independent sources: GP surveillance, community virology surveillance, hospital admissions and deaths, and media enquiries monitoring. The first wave peaked in late July at 100 consultations per 100,000 general practice population and attracted intensive media coverage. The positivity rate for the A(H1N1)2009 influenza did not exceed 25% and only 44 hospitalisations and one death were recorded. By contrast, the second wave peaked in late October and although characterised by lower ILI consultation rates (65 consultations per 100,000 general practice population) and low profile media activity, was associated with much higher positivity rates for pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 (60%) and substantially more hospital admissions (n=379) and deaths (n=26). The large number of ILI-related consultations during the first wave in Wales probably reflected the intensive media activity rather than influenza virus circulating in the community. Data from community surveillance schemes may therefore have considerably overestimated the true incidence of influenza. This has implications for the future interpretation of ILI surveillance data and their use in policy making, and underlines the importance of using integrated epidemiological, virological and hospital surveillance data to monitor influenza activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Keramarou
- European Programme on Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET)
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - S Cottrell
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - M R Evans
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Cardiff University, United Kingdom
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - C Moore
- Public Health Wales Microbiology, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - R E Stiff
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - C Elliott
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - D R Thomas
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - M Lyons
- Health Protection Services, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - R L Salmon
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Meneely J, Ricci F, Vesco S, Abouzied M, Sulyok M, Krska R, Elliott C. A comparative study of qualitative immunochemical screening assays for the combined measurement of T-2/HT-2 in cereals and cereal-based products. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2011. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2011.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Many different immunochemical platforms exist for the screening of naturally occurring contaminants in food from the low cost enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to the expensive instruments such as optical biosensors based on the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The primary aim of this study was to evaluate and compare a number of these platforms to assess their accuracy and precision when applied to naturally contaminated samples containing HT-2/T-2 mycotoxins. Other important factors considered were the speed of analysis, ease of use (sample preparation techniques and use of the equipment) and ultimately the cost implications. The three screening procedures compared included an SPR biosensor assay, a commercially available ELISA and an enzymelinked immunomagnetic electrochemical array (ELIME array). The qualitative data for all methods demonstrated very good overall agreements with each other, however on comparison with mass spectrometry confirmatory results, the ELISA and SPR assay performed slightly better than the ELIME array, exhibiting an overall agreement of 95.8% compared to 91.7%. Currently, SPR is more costly than the other two platforms and can only be used in the laboratory whereas in theory both the ELISA and ELIME array are portable and can be used in the field, but ultimately this is dependent on the sample preparation techniques employed. Sample preparative techniques varied for all methods evaluated, the ELISA was the most simple to perform followed by that of the SPR method. The ELIME array involved an additional clean-up step thereby increasing both the time and cost of analysis. Therefore in the current format, field use would not be an option for the ELIME array. In relation to speed of analysis, the ELISA outperformed the other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Meneely
- Institute of Agri-Food and Land Use, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - F. Ricci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - S. Vesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M. Abouzied
- Neogen Corporation, 620 Lesher Place, Lansing MI 48912, USA
| | - M. Sulyok
- Department IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - R. Krska
- Department IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenzstr. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - C. Elliott
- Institute of Agri-Food and Land Use, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Recently identified as a key component of the murine periodontal ligament (PDL), periostin has been implicated in the regulation of collagen fibrillogenesis and fibroblast differentiation. We investigated whether periostin protein is expressed in the human PDL in situ and the mechanisms regulating periostin expression in PDL fibroblasts in vitro. With immunohistochemistry, periostin protein was identified in the PDL, with expression lower in teeth with reduced occlusal loading. In vitro application of uniaxial cyclic strain to PDL fibroblasts elevated periostin mRNA levels, depending on the age of the patient. Treatment with transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) also significantly increased periostin mRNA levels, an effect attenuated by focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibition. FAK-null fibroblasts contained no detectable periostin mRNA, even after stimulation with cyclic strain. In conclusion, periostin protein is strongly expressed in the human PDL. In vitro, periostin mRNA levels are modulated by cyclic strain as well as TGF-β1 via FAK-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wen
- Division of Oral Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Dental Sciences Building, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To establish the relationship between the functional impairment experienced by Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients and the symptoms frequently experienced by those with CFS; specifically cognitive impairment, fatigue and orthostatic symptoms. DESIGN Cross sectional questionnaire survey. SETTING Specialist CFS Clinical Service. SUBJECTS Ninety-nine Fukuda diagnosed CFS and 64-matched controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Symptom and functional assessment tools completed and returned by post included; PROMIS HAQ (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, Health Assessment Questionnaire), CFQ (Cognitive Failures Questionnaire), FIS (Fatigue Impact Scale) and OGS (Orthostatic Grading Scale) assessment tools. RESULTS CFS patients experience greater functional impairment than controls [mean (95% CI) PROMIS HAQ scores CFS 36 (31-42) vs. controls 6 (2-10); P < 0.0001], especially in the functional domains of activities and reach. Poorer functional ability impairment is significantly associated with greater cognitive impairment (P = 0.0002, r = 0.4), fatigue (P < 0.0001, r = 0.5) and orthostatic symptoms (P < 0.0001, r = 0.6). However, only orthostatic symptoms (OGS) independently associated with functional impairment (beta = 0.4, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION Treatment of orthostatic symptoms in CFS has the potential to improve functional capacity and so improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Costigan
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing-Cardiovascular Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
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Frith J, Kerr S, Robinson L, Elliott C, Ghazala C, Wilton K, Pairman J, Jones DEJ, Newton JL. Primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with falls and significant fall related injury. QJM 2010; 103:153-61. [PMID: 20061369 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcp188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis and autonomic dysfunction are prevalent in the autoimmune liver disease primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Postural hypotension is one consequence of autonomic dysfunction and is a recognized risk factor for falls, which, alongside osteoporosis could lead to significant injury and fractures. AIM To determine the prevalence and sequelae of falls in PBC and to identify modifiable risk factors. DESIGN Cross-sectional, geographical, population census of PBC and two control groups: primary sclerosing cholangitis and a community dwelling population. Multidisciplinary falls assessment of a representative group of PBC. METHODS Symptom assessment tools, completed by the three cohorts, determined the prevalence of falls, injuries and associated symptoms. Multidisciplinary assessments, adhering to NICE guidelines, identified modifiable fall associations. RESULTS Significantly more of the PBC population had fallen (72% P < 0.001) than both control groups. Fifty-five percent had fallen in the last year (P < 0.001), and 22% more than once in the last year (P < 0.01). Seventy percent of PBC fallers were injured, 27% fractured a bone and 19% were admitted to hospital, all significantly more common than controls. Postural dizziness was significantly worse in fallers (P < 0.001), as were balance (P < 0.001) and lower limb strength (P = 0.002). Lower limb strength was independently associated with number of falls in previous year (beta = 0.184, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Falls and resultant injury are prevalent in PBC and more common than previously recognized. Addressing postural dizziness, poor balance and lower limb weakness using a multidisciplinary approach has the potential to reduce falls, morbidity and mortality and as a result improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Frith
- UK National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing-Liver Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK
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Peterson DA, Elliott C, Song DD, Makeig S, Sejnowski TJ, Poizner H. Probabilistic reversal learning is impaired in Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience 2009; 163:1092-101. [PMID: 19628022 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In many everyday settings, the relationship between our choices and their potentially rewarding outcomes is probabilistic and dynamic. In addition, the difficulty of the choices can vary widely. Although a large body of theoretical and empirical evidence suggests that dopamine mediates rewarded learning, the influence of dopamine in probabilistic and dynamic rewarded learning remains unclear. We adapted a probabilistic rewarded learning task originally used to study firing rates of dopamine cells in primate substantia nigra pars compacta [Morris G, Nevet A, Arkadir D, Vaadia E, Bergman H (2006) Midbrain dopamine neurons encode decisions for future action. Nat Neurosci 9:1057-1063] for use as a reversal learning task with humans. We sought to investigate how the dopamine depletion in Parkinson's disease (PD) affects probabilistic reward learning and adaptation to a reversal in reward contingencies. Over the course of 256 trials subjects learned to choose the more favorable from among pairs of images with small or large differences in reward probabilities. During a subsequent otherwise identical reversal phase, the reward probability contingencies for the stimuli were reversed. Seventeen PD patients of mild to moderate severity were studied off of their dopaminergic medications and compared to 15 age-matched controls. Compared to controls, PD patients had distinct pre- and post-reversal deficiencies depending upon the difficulty of the choices they had to learn. The patients also exhibited compromised adaptability to the reversal. A computational model of the subjects' trial-by-trial choices demonstrated that the adaptability was sensitive to the gain with which patients weighted pre-reversal feedback. Collectively, the results implicate the nigral dopaminergic system in learning to make choices in environments with probabilistic and dynamic reward contingencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Peterson
- Institute for Neural Computation, University of California-San Diego, CA, USA
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Elliott C. The best of the belleville literary review. Med Humanit 2008; 34:117. [PMID: 23674594 DOI: 10.1136/jmh.2008.000661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Mooney MH, Situ C, Cacciatore G, Hutchinson T, Elliott C, Bergwerff AA. Plasma biomarker profiling in the detection of growth promoter use in calves. Biomarkers 2008; 13:246-56. [DOI: 10.1080/13547500701838593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
This article provides a nutritional profile of foods targeted specifically at children in the Canadian supermarket. Excluding confectionery, soft drinks and bakery items, 367 products were assessed for their nutritional composition. The article examines the relationship between 'fun food' images/messages, product claims and actual product nutrition. Among other findings, it concludes that approximately 89% of the products analysed could be classified as of poor nutritional quality owing to high levels of sugar, fat and/or sodium. Policy considerations need to be made in light of the fact that 'fun food' is a unique category that poses special challenges; as such, recommendations regarding food labelling and packaging are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Elliott
- School of Journalism and Communication, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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