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Anderson WG, Puntillo K, Cimino J, Noort J, Pearson D, Boyle D, Grywalski M, Meyer J, O'Neil-Page E, Cain J, Herman H, Barbour S, Turner K, Moore E, Liao S, Ferrell B, Mitchell W, Edmonds K, Fairman N, Joseph D, MacMillan J, Milic MM, Miller M, Nakagawa L, O'Riordan DL, Pietras C, Thornberry K, Pantilat SZ. Palliative Care Professional Development for Critical Care Nurses: A Multicenter Program. Am J Crit Care 2017; 26:361-371. [PMID: 28864431 DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2017336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrating palliative care into intensive care units (ICUs) requires involvement of bedside nurses, who report inadequate education in palliative care. OBJECTIVE To implement and evaluate a palliative care professional development program for ICU bedside nurses. METHODS From May 2013 to January 2015, palliative care advanced practice nurses and nurse educators in 5 academic medical centers completed a 3-day train-the-trainer program followed by 2 years of mentoring to implement the initiative. The program consisted of 8-hour communication workshops for bedside nurses and structured rounds in ICUs, where nurse leaders coached bedside nurses in identifying and addressing palliative care needs. Primary outcomes were nurses' ratings of their palliative care communication skills in surveys, and nurses' identification of palliative care needs during coaching rounds. RESULTS Each center held at least 6 workshops, training 428 bedside nurses. Nurses rated their skill level higher after the workshop for 15 tasks (eg, responding to family distress, ensuring families understand information in family meetings, all P < .01 vs preworkshop). Coaching rounds in each ICU took a mean of 3 hours per month. For 82% of 1110 patients discussed in rounds, bedside nurses identified palliative care needs and created plans to address them. CONCLUSIONS Communication skills training workshops increased nurses' ratings of their palliative care communication skills. Coaching rounds supported nurses in identifying and addressing palliative care needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy G Anderson
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC.
| | - Kathleen Puntillo
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Jenica Cimino
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Janice Noort
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Diana Pearson
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Deborah Boyle
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Michelle Grywalski
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Jeannette Meyer
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Edith O'Neil-Page
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Julia Cain
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Heather Herman
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Susan Barbour
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Kathleen Turner
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Eric Moore
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Solomon Liao
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Bruce Ferrell
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - William Mitchell
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Kyle Edmonds
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Nathan Fairman
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Denah Joseph
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - John MacMillan
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Michelle M Milic
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Monica Miller
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Laura Nakagawa
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - David L O'Riordan
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Christopher Pietras
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Kathryn Thornberry
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Steven Z Pantilat
- Wendy G. Anderson is an associate professor, Jenica Cimino is a clinical research coordinator, David L. O'Riordan is a senior research specialist, and Steven Z. Pantilat is a professor in the Division of Hospital Medicine and Palliative Care Program, University of California, San Francisco, California. Anderson is an associate professor and Kathleen Puntillo is a professor emerita in the Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, San Francisco, California. Janice Noort is a palliative care nurse practitioner, Diana Pearson is a critical care nurse educator, Eric Moore is a palliative care and medical surgical nurse manager, Nathan Fairman is a psychiatry and palliative care physician, John MacMillan is a physician and palliative care medical director, Monica Miller is a critical care nurse, and Laura Nakagawa is a social worker at University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California. Deborah Boyle is an oncology clinical nurse specialist, Michelle Grywalski is a critical care nurse educator, and Solomon Liao is a palliative care physician and service director at University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, California. Jeannette Meyer and Edith O'Neil-Page are palliative care clinical nurse specialists and Christopher Pietras is director of palliative care at University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Pietras is an assistant professor in the Division of General Internal Medicine, Hospitalist Section/Palliative Care, University of California, Los Angeles, California. Bruce Ferrell is a palliative care physician and medical director at Vitas Hospice, Encino, California. Julia Cain and Heather Herman are palliative care nurse practitioners, William Mitchell is a palliative care physician and service director, Kyle Edmonds is a a palliative care physician, and Kathryn Thornberry is a palliative care social worker at University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, California. Susan Barbour is a palliative care clinical nurse specialist, Kathleen Turner is a critical care bedside nurse, and Denah Joseph is a chaplain and palliative care service associate director at University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California. Michelle M. Milic is an associate professor in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
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