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Maia CMDM, Damasceno KSFDSC, Seabra LMJ, Chaves G, Dantas LMDC, de Sousa Júnior FC, de Assis CF. Effectiveness of sanitization protocols in removing or reducing parasites from vegetables: A systematic review with meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290447. [PMID: 37656694 PMCID: PMC10473522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parasitic contamination in vegetables is a reality in several countries and a challenge for food safety. The risk of consumption usually raw, associated with failures in good practices of production, transportation, and preparation further increase the possibility of ingesting contaminated food. Given this, a systematic review was carried out to scientifically demonstrate the effectiveness of sanitization protocols in the parasitic decontamination of plants. METHODS This review was conducted following the guidelines of the Cochrane Manual, being registered in the PROSPERO protocol base (CRD42020206929) and reported according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. The review evaluated studies published in the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, FSTA, LILACS, and AGRIS databases, as well as manual searches of related articles, references, and theses and dissertations directories. The meta-analysis was performed using the Revman 5 software program, the bias assessment used the Robins I Tools with some adaptations, and the quality of the evidence was evaluated using GRADE. DISCUSSION The review included a total of 31 studies, most of which were carried out in countries with a high incidence of plant parasites, such as Brazil and Iran. Interventions combined with 200ppm chlorination preceded by brushing, rinsing, or immersion in detergent showed the greatest efficiency in parasitic decontamination. Despite the high heterogeneity and risk of bias in the primary studies, this review can inspire the planning of new studies which observe the critical and methodological evaluation for research in the field of food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lívia Maria da Costa Dantas
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Francisco Canindé de Sousa Júnior
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Fernandes de Assis
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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da Costa Dantas LM, de Medeiros Maia CM, da Silva Chaves Damasceno KSF, Mont'Alverne Jucá Seabra L, Chaves G, de Assis CF, de Sousa Júnior FC. Prevalence of helminths in fresh vegetables: a narrative literature review. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:3761-3765. [PMID: 36208474 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of fresh vegetables is related to healthy lifestyle habits present in culinary preparations in different regions. The presence of pathogenic parasites in these foods can cause gastrointestinal disorders. Thus, the objective of the present study was to carry out a narrative review of the literature on the prevalence of helminths in fresh vegetable samples. The analysis of the studies published from 2016 to 2022 showed that hookworms and Ascaris lumbricoides are the most common pathogenic helminths in fresh vegetable samples, with a prevalence of up to 73.8% and 55.1%, respectively. In addition, studies have shown associations between the presence of helminths and pathogenic protozoa. The results obtained in this review indicate the urgent need to implement actions at all stages of the vegetable production chain, from the water used in planting irrigation to cleaning before sale to the final consumer. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Larissa Mont'Alverne Jucá Seabra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Chaves
- Myant INC, Research and Development Division, Toronto, Canada
| | - Cristiane Fernandes de Assis
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Francisco Canindé de Sousa Júnior
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Freitas JKGR, de Assis CF, de Oliveira TRM, Maia CMDM, de Sousa BJ, de Medeiros GCBS, Seabra LMJ, Chaves Damasceno KSFDS. Prevalence of staphylococcal toxin in food contaminated by Staphylococcus spp.: Protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282111. [PMID: 36809532 PMCID: PMC9942949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food contamination by Staphylococcus spp. enterotoxigenic strains is quite common and despite underreporting caused by the short duration of clinical symptoms and lack of medical care, staphylococcal food poisoning is one of the most common Foodborne Diseases (FBD) in the world. This study describes a systematic review protocol with meta-analysis on the prevalence and types of staphylococcal enterotoxins in food, and the profile of contaminated foods. METHODS The research will be conducted through the selection of studies reporting the analysis of staphylococcal enterotoxins in food contaminated by Staphylococcus spp. Searches will happen on the following databases: Medline (OVID), GALE, Science Direct, CAB Direct (CABI), Google Scholar, in addition to manual search in the list of references of articles, directory of theses and dissertations, and countries' health agencies. Reports will be imported into the application Rayyan. Two researchers will independently select studies and extract data, and a third reviewer will solve conflicting decisions. The primary outcome will be the identification of staphylococcal enterotoxins in food, and the secondary outcomes will include staphylococcal enterotoxin types and foods involved. To assess the risk of bias in the studies, the tool developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) will be used. For data synthesis, a meta-analysis will be performed. However, in case that is not possible, a narrative synthesis of the most relevant results will be carried out. DISCUSSION This protocol will serve as the basis for a systematic review that aims to relate the results of existing studies on the staphylococcal enterotoxin prevalence and types in food, and the profile of the contaminated foods. The results will broaden the perception of food safety risks, highlight existing literature gaps, contribute to the study of the epidemiological profile and may guide the allocation of health resources for the development of preventive measures related. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021258223.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristiane Fernandes de Assis
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bruno Jonatan de Sousa
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Gidyenne Christiane Bandeira Silva de Medeiros
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Laboratory (Lab-SYS) CNPq-UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mont’Alverne Jucá Seabra
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Karla Suzanne Florentino da Silva Chaves Damasceno
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Maia CMDM, Damasceno KSFDSC, Seabra LMJ, Chaves G, Dantas LMDC, de Sousa Júnior FC, de Assis CF. Efficacy of sanitization protocols in removing parasites in vegetables: A protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268258. [PMID: 35536855 PMCID: PMC9089895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parasitic contamination of vegetables is a public health problem in several countries and a challenge for food safety. With a short path from the field to the table, these foods can suffer several flaws in the good practices of production, transport and packaging which culminate in an offer of contaminated food to consumers. Therefore, this study describes a systematic review protocol with meta-analysis on evaluating the effectiveness of existing sanitation methods in removing parasites from vegetables. Methods The study will be conducted from published studies that report analyzes of parasites in vegetables before and after sanitization processes. The MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, FSTA, LILACS, Scopus and AGRIS electronic databases will be used. In addition, manual searches will be carried out through related articles, references to included articles and directories of theses and dissertations. The primary outcome will be the reduction or absence of parasitic forms in vegetables after the intervention or combined interventions, and the secondary outcomes will include: identification of the main parasites, assessment of the time required for processing and cost-effectiveness analysis. Two authors will independently screen the studies and extract data. Disagreements will be resolved by discussion, and a third reviewer will decide if there is no consensus. The criteria established by the Cochrane Manual (with some adaptations) will be used to assess the risk of bias in the studies and if the results are considered acceptable and sufficiently homogeneous, and a meta-analysis will be performed to synthesize the findings. Discussion The systematic review produced from this protocol will provide evidence on the effectiveness of sanitation protocols for removing parasitic forms in vegetables and will contribute to strengthening food safety, with the adoption of best sanitation practices and prevention of health risks. In addition, the study may highlight possible knowledge gaps that need to be filled with new research. Systematic review registration PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020206929.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lívia Maria da Costa Dantas
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Francisco Canindé de Sousa Júnior
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Fernandes de Assis
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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