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Ulloa M, Abdurakhmonov IY, Perez-M. C, Percy R, Stewart JM. Genetic diversity and population structure of cotton (Gossypium spp.) of the New World assessed by SSR markers. Botany 2013. [DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2012-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A global analysis of cotton (Gossypium spp.) genetic diversity is the first step to understanding its geographical distribution, dissemination, genetic relatedness, and population structure. To assess the genetic diversity and population structure in Gossypium species, 111 cotton accessions representing five allotetraploids (AD1–AD5 genomes), 23 Asiatic diploids of the Old World (A1 and A2 genomes), and 82 diploids of the New World subgenus Houzingenia (D1–D11 genomes) species were assessed using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers with wide genome coverage. The mean genetic distance (GD) between the two most important New World tetraploid cottons (Upland (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and Pima (Gossypium barbadense L.)) was 0.39. Among the three shrub type sections (Houzingenia, Integrifolia, and Caducibracteolata) and three arborescent sections (Erioxylum, Selera, and Austroamericana), the GD ranged between 0.19 and 0.41. Phylogenetic analyses clustered all species into distinct phylogenetic groups, which were consistent with genomic origin, evolutionary history, and geographic distribution or ecotypes of these accessions, suggesting the existence of clear structured strata. With all of the genomes, the highest statistical analysis of Structure test through measurements of ad hoc (ΔK) occurred at K = 2, with group Q1 with the Old World diploid A genomes and with group Q2 with all the New World diploids of the D genome. AD genome accessions shared nearly equal alleles from both Q1 and Q2 groups. With all of the diploids of the New World D genomes, the highest value of ΔK occurred at K = 5. These results are consistent with the fundamental knowledge of tetraploid AD-genome formation and the rapid radiation of the American diploid cotton linage that took place somewhere in southwestern Mexico, followed by a differentiation–speciation during angiosperm evolution. In addition, SSR markers provide an alternative solution for distinguishing phylogenetic relationships between accessions of different ecotypes and for elucidating population structure of cottons of the New World.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Ulloa
- U.S. Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, Southern Plains Area, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Research, 3810 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79415, USA
| | - Ibrokhim Y. Abdurakhmonov
- The Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources,“Uzpakhtasanoat” Association, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
| | - Claudia Perez-M.
- Campo Experimental Iguala, Centro de Investigaciones Pacific sur-INIFAP, Iguala, Gro., Mexico
| | - Richard Percy
- U.S. Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, Southern Plains Area, Crop Germplasm Research. Unit, College Station, TX 79415, USA
| | - James McD. Stewart
- University of Arkansas, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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