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Zaharia AL, Tutunaru D, Oprea VD, Tănase CE, Croitoru A, Stan B, Voinescu DC, Ionescu AM, Coadǎ CA, Lungu M. Thrombomodulin Serum Levels-A Predictable Biomarker for the Acute Onset of Ischemic Stroke. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:677-688. [PMID: 38248346 PMCID: PMC10813863 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The early diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) can be challenging in cases presenting with a scarcity of clinical signs, normal cerebral imaging in early stages and a lack of specific serum markers. Thrombomodulin has been shown to be associated with cerebrovascular ischemic events and can be considered an important biomarker for the acute onset of ischemic stroke. In our study, we compared the serum levels of thrombomodulin (sTM) between a relevant patient group of 70 AIS patients and a control group of patients without AIS admitted into the neurology department between June 2022 and May 2023. sTM levels were measured at 24 h and 48 h after patients' admissions into the hospital. There was a significant difference between the two groups (AIS: 23.2 ± 9.17 ng/mL vs. controls: 3.64 ± 1.72 ng/mL; p-value < 0.001). sTM values were correlated with the score of neurological deficits, with gender and dyslipidemia. The association of sTM values with the acute onset of AIS as an end point was significant, which allows rapid therapeutic interventions, even in the absence of a well-defined clinical syndrome (AUC = 0.99). Reanalysis of the patients after propensity score matching increased the power of sTM as a biomarker (AUC = 1). sTM represents a potentially useful biomarker to diagnose the onset of an AIS, even in scarce clinical presentations, which makes thrombomodulin a valuable indicator for early treatment initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei-Lucian Zaharia
- “St. Apostle Andrei” Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania; (A.-L.Z.); (A.C.); (B.S.); (D.C.V.); (M.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania;
| | - Dana Tutunaru
- “St. Apostle Andrei” Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania; (A.-L.Z.); (A.C.); (B.S.); (D.C.V.); (M.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania;
| | - Violeta Diana Oprea
- “St. Apostle Andrei” Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania; (A.-L.Z.); (A.C.); (B.S.); (D.C.V.); (M.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania;
| | - Claudiu Elisei Tănase
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania;
- “St. Joan” Pediatric Clinical Emergency Hospital Galati, 800487 Galati, Romania
| | - Ana Croitoru
- “St. Apostle Andrei” Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania; (A.-L.Z.); (A.C.); (B.S.); (D.C.V.); (M.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania;
| | - Bianca Stan
- “St. Apostle Andrei” Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania; (A.-L.Z.); (A.C.); (B.S.); (D.C.V.); (M.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania;
| | - Doina Carina Voinescu
- “St. Apostle Andrei” Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania; (A.-L.Z.); (A.C.); (B.S.); (D.C.V.); (M.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania;
| | - Ana-Maria Ionescu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ovidius University of Constanța, 900470 Constanța, Romania;
| | - Camelia Alexandra Coadǎ
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mihaiela Lungu
- “St. Apostle Andrei” Clinical Emergency County Hospital Galati, 800578 Galati, Romania; (A.-L.Z.); (A.C.); (B.S.); (D.C.V.); (M.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800216 Galati, Romania;
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