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Girard E, Eon-Marchais S, Olaso R, Renault AL, Damiola F, Dondon MG, Barjhoux L, Goidin D, Meyer V, Le Gal D, Beauvallet J, Mebirouk N, Lonjou C, Coignard J, Marcou M, Cavaciuti E, Baulard C, Bihoreau MT, Cohen-Haguenauer O, Leroux D, Penet C, Fert-Ferrer S, Colas C, Frebourg T, Eisinger F, Adenis C, Fajac A, Gladieff L, Tinat J, Floquet A, Chiesa J, Giraud S, Mortemousque I, Soubrier F, Audebert-Bellanger S, Limacher JM, Lasset C, Lejeune-Dumoulin S, Dreyfus H, Bignon YJ, Longy M, Pujol P, Venat-Bouvet L, Bonadona V, Berthet P, Luporsi E, Maugard CM, Noguès C, Delnatte C, Fricker JP, Gesta P, Faivre L, Lortholary A, Buecher B, Caron O, Gauthier-Villars M, Coupier I, Servant N, Boland A, Mazoyer S, Deleuze JF, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Andrieu N, Lesueur F. Familial breast cancer and DNA repair genes: Insights into known and novel susceptibility genes from the GENESIS study, and implications for multigene panel testing. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:1962-1974. [PMID: 30303537 PMCID: PMC6587727 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 only explain the underlying genetic cause of about 10% of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer families. Because of cost‐effectiveness, multigene panel testing is often performed even if the clinical utility of testing most of the genes remains questionable. The purpose of our study was to assess the contribution of rare, deleterious‐predicted variants in DNA repair genes in familial breast cancer (BC) in a well‐characterized and homogeneous population. We analyzed 113 DNA repair genes selected from either an exome sequencing or a candidate gene approach in the GENESIS study, which includes familial BC cases with no BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation and having a sister with BC (N = 1,207), and general population controls (N = 1,199). Sequencing data were filtered for rare loss‐of‐function variants (LoF) and likely deleterious missense variants (MV). We confirmed associations between LoF and MV in PALB2, ATM and CHEK2 and BC occurrence. We also identified for the first time associations between FANCI, MAST1, POLH and RTEL1 and BC susceptibility. Unlike other associated genes, carriers of an ATM LoF had a significantly higher risk of developing BC than carriers of an ATM MV (ORLoF = 17.4 vs. ORMV = 1.6; pHet = 0.002). Hence, our approach allowed us to specify BC relative risks associated with deleterious‐predicted variants in PALB2, ATM and CHEK2 and to add MAST1, POLH, RTEL1 and FANCI to the list of DNA repair genes possibly involved in BC susceptibility. We also highlight that different types of variants within the same gene can lead to different risk estimates. What's new? Pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 only explain the genetic cause of about 10% of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer families, and the clinical usefulness of testing other genes following the recent introduction of cost‐effective multigene panel sequencing in diagnostics laboratories remains questionable. This large case‐control study describes genetic variation in 113 DNA repair genes and specifies breast cancer relative risks associated with rare deleterious‐predicted variants in PALB2, ATM, and CHEK2. Importantly, different types of variants within the same gene can lead to different risk estimates. The results may help improve risk prediction models and define gene‐specific consensus management guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Girard
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Eon-Marchais
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Robert Olaso
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Anne-Laure Renault
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | | | - Marie-Gabrielle Dondon
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Laure Barjhoux
- Département de Biopathologie, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Didier Goidin
- Life Sciences and Diagnostics Group, Agilent Technologies France, Les Ulis, France
| | - Vincent Meyer
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Dorothée Le Gal
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Juana Beauvallet
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Noura Mebirouk
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Christine Lonjou
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Coignard
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Université Paris Sud, Paris, France
| | - Morgane Marcou
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Eve Cavaciuti
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Céline Baulard
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Bihoreau
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Evry, France
| | | | - Dominique Leroux
- Département de Génétique, CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Couple-Enfant, Grenoble, France
| | - Clotilde Penet
- Consultation d'Oncogénétique, Institut Jean-Godinot & ICC Courlancy, Reims, France
| | | | - Chrystelle Colas
- Département de Génétique Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France.,Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Frebourg
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Universitaire de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - François Eisinger
- Institut Paoli Calmette, Département d'Anticipation et de Suivi des Cancers, Oncogénétique Clinique, Institut Paoli-Calmettes & Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Marseille, France
| | - Claude Adenis
- Service de Génétique, Centre Oscar-Lambret, Lille, France
| | - Anne Fajac
- Service d'Oncogénétique, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Gladieff
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Institut Claudius Regaud - IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Tinat
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Universitaire de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | | | | | - Sophie Giraud
- Service de Génétique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier EST, Bron, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Christine Lasset
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne; CNRS UMR 5558, Unité de Prévention et Epidémiologie Génétique, Lyon, Centre, Léon Bérard, France
| | | | - Hélène Dreyfus
- Clinique Sainte Catherine, Avignon & CHU de Grenoble, Département de Génétique, Hôpital Couple-Enfant, Grenoble, France
| | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- Université Clermont Auvergne; Inserm, U1240, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Pascal Pujol
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Oncogénétique, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier & INSERM 896, CRCM Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Valérie Bonadona
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne; CNRS UMR 5558, Unité de Prévention et Epidémiologie Génétique, Lyon, Centre, Léon Bérard, France
| | - Pascaline Berthet
- Unité de Pathologie Gynécologique, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Elisabeth Luporsi
- Service de Génétique UF4128 CHR Metz-Thionville, Hôpital de Mercy, Metz, France
| | - Christine M Maugard
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, UF1422 Oncogénétique moléculaire, Laboratoire d'Oncobiologie & UF6948 Oncogénétique Evaluation familiale et suivi, Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Noguès
- Institut Paoli Calmette, Département d'Anticipation et de Suivi des Cancers, Oncogénétique Clinique, Institut Paoli-Calmettes & Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Marseille, France
| | - Capucine Delnatte
- Unité d'Oncogénétique, Centre René Gauducheau, Nantes, Saint Herblain, France
| | | | - Paul Gesta
- Service d'Oncogénétique Régional Poitou-Charentes, Niort, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Institut GIMI, CHU de Dijon, Hôpital d'Enfants, Oncogénétique & Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Alain Lortholary
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Centre Catherine de Sienne, Nantes, France
| | | | - Olivier Caron
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Département de Médecine Oncologique, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Isabelle Coupier
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Oncogénétique, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier & INSERM 896, CRCM Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Servant
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- Inserm, U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Inserm, U830, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Nadine Andrieu
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Inserm, Paris, France.,Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.,PSL Research University, Paris, France
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Sinilnikova OM, Dondon MG, Eon-Marchais S, Damiola F, Barjhoux L, Marcou M, Verny-Pierre C, Sornin V, Toulemonde L, Beauvallet J, Le Gal D, Mebirouk N, Belotti M, Caron O, Gauthier-Villars M, Coupier I, Buecher B, Lortholary A, Dugast C, Gesta P, Fricker JP, Noguès C, Faivre L, Luporsi E, Berthet P, Delnatte C, Bonadona V, Maugard CM, Pujol P, Lasset C, Longy M, Bignon YJ, Adenis C, Venat-Bouvet L, Demange L, Dreyfus H, Frenay M, Gladieff L, Mortemousque I, Audebert-Bellanger S, Soubrier F, Giraud S, Lejeune-Dumoulin S, Chevrier A, Limacher JM, Chiesa J, Fajac A, Floquet A, Eisinger F, Tinat J, Colas C, Fert-Ferrer S, Penet C, Frebourg T, Collonge-Rame MA, Barouk-Simonet E, Layet V, Leroux D, Cohen-Haguenauer O, Prieur F, Mouret-Fourme E, Cornélis F, Jonveaux P, Bera O, Cavaciuti E, Tardivon A, Lesueur F, Mazoyer S, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Andrieu N. GENESIS: a French national resource to study the missing heritability of breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:13. [PMID: 26758370 PMCID: PMC4711059 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-2028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Less than 20 % of familial breast cancer patients who undergo genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 carry a pathogenic mutation in one of these two genes. The GENESIS (GENE SISter) study was designed to identify new breast cancer susceptibility genes in women attending cancer genetics clinics and with no BRCA1/2 mutation. Methods The study involved the French national network of family cancer clinics. It was based on enrichment in genetic factors of the recruited population through case selection relying on familial criteria, but also on the consideration of environmental factors and endophenotypes like mammary density or tumor characteristics to assess potential genetic heterogeneity. One of the initial aims of GENESIS was to recruit affected sibpairs. Siblings were eligible when index cases and at least one affected sister were diagnosed with infiltrating mammary or ductal adenocarcinoma, with no BRCA1/2 mutation. In addition, unrelated controls and unaffected sisters were recruited. The enrolment of patients, their relatives and their controls, the collection of the clinical, epidemiological, familial and biological data were centralized by a coordinating center. Results Inclusion of participants started in February 2007 and ended in December 2013. A total of 1721 index cases, 826 affected sisters, 599 unaffected sisters and 1419 controls were included. 98 % of participants completed the epidemiological questionnaire, 97 % provided a blood sample, and 76 % were able to provide mammograms. Index cases were on average 59 years old at inclusion, were born in 1950, and were 49.7 years of age at breast cancer diagnosis. The mean age at diagnosis of affected sisters was slightly higher (51.4 years). The representativeness of the control group was verified. Conclusions The size of the study, the availability of biological specimens and the clinical data collection together with the detailed and complete epidemiological questionnaire make this a unique national resource for investigation of the missing heritability of breast cancer, by taking into account environmental and life style factors and stratifying data on endophenotypes to decrease genetic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga M Sinilnikova
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.,Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Gabrielle Dondon
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France. .,Institut Curie, Paris, France. .,PSL Research University, Paris, France. .,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Séverine Eon-Marchais
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France. .,Institut Curie, Paris, France. .,PSL Research University, Paris, France. .,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Francesca Damiola
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
| | - Laure Barjhoux
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
| | - Morgane Marcou
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France. .,Institut Curie, Paris, France. .,PSL Research University, Paris, France. .,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Carole Verny-Pierre
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
| | - Valérie Sornin
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
| | - Lucie Toulemonde
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France. .,Institut Curie, Paris, France. .,PSL Research University, Paris, France. .,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Juana Beauvallet
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France. .,Institut Curie, Paris, France. .,PSL Research University, Paris, France. .,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Dorothée Le Gal
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France. .,Institut Curie, Paris, France. .,PSL Research University, Paris, France. .,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Noura Mebirouk
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France. .,Institut Curie, Paris, France. .,PSL Research University, Paris, France. .,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.
| | | | - Olivier Caron
- Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Service d'Oncologie Génétique, Villejuif, France.
| | | | - Isabelle Coupier
- Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, Service de Génétique médicale et Oncogénétique, Montpellier, France. .,ICM Val d'Aurel, Unité d'Oncogénétique, Montpellier, France.
| | - Bruno Buecher
- Institut Curie, Service de Génétique, Paris, France.
| | - Alain Lortholary
- Centre Catherine de Sienne, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Nantes, France.
| | | | - Paul Gesta
- CH Georges Renon, Service Oncogénétique pour la consultation oncogénétique régionale Poitou-Charentes, Niort, France.
| | | | | | - Laurence Faivre
- Hôpital d'Enfants, Service de Génétique Médicale, Dijon, France. .,Centre Georges François Leclerc, Oncogénétique, Dijon, France.
| | - Elisabeth Luporsi
- ICL Alexis Vautrin, Unité d'Oncogénétique, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Pascaline Berthet
- Centre François Baclesse, Unité de pathologie gynécologique, Caen, France.
| | - Capucine Delnatte
- Centre René Gauducheau, Unité d'Oncogénétique, Nantes Saint Herblain, France.
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France. .,CNRS UMR 5558, Lyon, France. .,Centre Léon Bérard, Unité de Prévention et Epidémiologie Génétique, Lyon, France.
| | - Christine M Maugard
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, UF1422 Oncogénétique moléculaire, Laboratoire de diagnostic génétique, Strasbourg, France. .,Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, UF6948 Oncogénétique, Service d'Hémato-Oncologie, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Pascal Pujol
- Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, Service de Génétique médicale et Oncogénétique, Montpellier, France. .,Inserm, U896, CRCM Val d'Aurel, Montpellier, France.
| | - Christine Lasset
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France. .,CNRS UMR 5558, Lyon, France. .,Centre Léon Bérard, Unité de Prévention et Epidémiologie Génétique, Lyon, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hélène Dreyfus
- Clinique Sainte Catherine, Avignon, France. .,CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Couple-Enfant, Département de Génétique, Grenoble, France.
| | - Marc Frenay
- Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Unité d'Oncogénétique, Nice, France.
| | - Laurence Gladieff
- Institut Claudius Regaud - IUCT-Oncopole, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Toulouse, France.
| | | | | | | | - Sophie Giraud
- Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Service de Génétique Moléculaire, Lyon, France.
| | | | - Annie Chevrier
- Hôpital Universitaire de Rouen, Département de Génétique, Rouen, France.
| | | | | | - Anne Fajac
- Hôpital Tenon, Service d'Oncogénétique, Paris, France.
| | | | - François Eisinger
- IPC, Département d'Anticipation et de Suivi des Cancers, Marseille, France. .,Inserm, UMR 912, Marseille, France.
| | - Julie Tinat
- Hôpital Universitaire de Rouen, Département de Génétique, Rouen, France.
| | - Chrystelle Colas
- Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique, APHP, Paris, France.
| | | | - Clotilde Penet
- Institut Jean-Godinot, Reims, France. .,ICC Courlancy, Cs Oncogénétique, Reims, France.
| | - Thierry Frebourg
- Hôpital Universitaire de Rouen, Département de Génétique, Rouen, France.
| | - Marie-Agnès Collonge-Rame
- CHU Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Service Génétique et Biologie du Développement - Histologie, Besançon, France.
| | | | | | - Dominique Leroux
- CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Couple-Enfant, Département de Génétique, Grenoble, France.
| | | | - Fabienne Prieur
- CHU de Saint-Etienne, Hôpital Nord, Service de Génétique, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | | | | | - Philippe Jonveaux
- CHU Hôpital de Brabois, Laboratoire de Génétique, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Odile Bera
- CHU de Martinique, Unité d'Oncogénétique, Fort-de-France, France.
| | - Eve Cavaciuti
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France. .,Institut Curie, Paris, France. .,PSL Research University, Paris, France. .,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Anne Tardivon
- Institut Curie, Département d'imagerie médicale, Paris, France.
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France. .,Institut Curie, Paris, France. .,PSL Research University, Paris, France. .,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- PSL Research University, Paris, France. .,Institut Curie, Service de Génétique, Paris, France. .,Inserm, U830, Paris, France. .,Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
| | - Nadine Andrieu
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France. .,Institut Curie, Paris, France. .,PSL Research University, Paris, France. .,Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, France.
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3
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de la Fouchardière A, Cabaret O, Savin L, Combemale P, Schvartz H, Penet C, Bonadona V, Soufir N, Bressac-de Paillerets B. Germline BAP1 mutations predispose also to multiple basal cell carcinomas. Clin Genet 2014; 88:273-7. [PMID: 25080371 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) gene encodes a nuclear deubiquitin enzyme which acts as a tumour suppressor. Loss of function germline mutations of BAP1 have been associated with an enhanced risk of uveal and cutaneous melanomas, mesothelioma, clear cell renal cancer and atypical cutaneous melanocytic proliferations. In two independent BAP1 families, we noticed an unusual frequency of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). Indeed, 19 BCCs were diagnosed in four patients, either of superficial (13/19) or nodular (6/19) subtype; they were all located in chronic sun-exposed areas (limbs, head or neck). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) identified in the 19 tumours, complete or partial loss of BAP1 protein nuclear expression, restricted to the BCC nests. A control study was conducted in 22 sporadic BCCs in 22 subjects under 65 without known associated BAP1 tumours: no loss of BAP1 expression was found. Overall, our observations suggest that BCCs are part of the BAP1 cancer syndrome, perhaps in relation with chronic sun exposure and melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) variants. In conclusion, cutaneous follow-up of BAP1 carriers should not only aim to detect melanocytic neoplasms but also BCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - O Cabaret
- Gustave Roussy, Service de Génétique, Villejuif, France
| | - L Savin
- Service de Dermatologie, Polyclinique de Courlancy, Reims, France
| | - P Combemale
- Service d'Onco-dermatologie, Centre Leon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - H Schvartz
- Cabinet de Pathologie, Pathologie, Reims, France
| | - C Penet
- Service d'Oncogénétique, Institut du Cancer Courlancy, Reims, France
| | - V Bonadona
- Service de Génétique, Centre Leon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - N Soufir
- Service de Génétique, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, INSERM U976, Paris, France
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4
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Popova T, Hebert L, Jacquemin V, Gad S, Caux-Moncoutier V, Dubois-d’Enghien C, Richaudeau B, Renaudin X, Sellers J, Nicolas A, Sastre-Garau X, Desjardins L, Gyapay G, Raynal V, Sinilnikova O, Andrieu N, Manié E, de Pauw A, Gesta P, Bonadona V, Maugard C, Penet C, Avril MF, Barillot E, Cabaret O, Delattre O, Richard S, Caron O, Benfodda M, Hu HH, Soufir N, Bressac-de Paillerets B, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Stern MH. Germline BAP1 mutations predispose to renal cell carcinomas. Am J Hum Genet 2013; 92:974-80. [PMID: 23684012 PMCID: PMC3675229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic cause of some familial nonsyndromic renal cell carcinomas (RCC) defined by at least two affected first-degree relatives is unknown. By combining whole-exome sequencing and tumor profiling in a family prone to cases of RCC, we identified a germline BAP1 mutation c.277A>G (p.Thr93Ala) as the probable genetic basis of RCC predisposition. This mutation segregated with all four RCC-affected relatives. Furthermore, BAP1 was found to be inactivated in RCC-affected individuals from this family. No BAP1 mutations were identified in 32 familial cases presenting with only RCC. We then screened for germline BAP1 deleterious mutations in familial aggregations of cancers within the spectrum of the recently described BAP1-associated tumor predisposition syndrome, including uveal melanoma, malignant pleural mesothelioma, and cutaneous melanoma. Among the 11 families that included individuals identified as carrying germline deleterious BAP1 mutations, 6 families presented with 9 RCC-affected individuals, demonstrating a significantly increased risk for RCC. This strongly argues that RCC belongs to the BAP1 syndrome and that BAP1 is a RCC-predisposition gene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucie Hebert
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris 75248, France
| | | | - Sophie Gad
- Génétique Oncologique EPHE, Inserm U753, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France and Centre Expert National Cancers Rares PREDIR, INCa/AP-HP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94276, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - André Nicolas
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institut Curie, Paris 75248, France
| | | | | | - Gabor Gyapay
- CEA-GENOSCOPE-Centre National de Séquençage, Evry 91057, France
| | | | - Olga M. Sinilnikova
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon / Centre Léon Bérard, and INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon 69008, France
| | | | - Elodie Manié
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris 75248, France
| | - Antoine de Pauw
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institut Curie, Paris 75248, France
| | - Paul Gesta
- Service d’Oncologie, Centre Hospitalier G. Renon, Niort 79021, France
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5558, Villeurbanne 69622, and Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Christine M. Maugard
- Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique, Nouvel Hopital Civil, Strasbourg 67091, France
| | - Clotilde Penet
- Unité d’oncogénétique, Institut Jean Godinot, Reims 51056, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Avril
- Service de Dermatologie, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Paris 75014, France
| | - Emmanuel Barillot
- Institut Curie, Inserm U900, Paris 75248, France
- Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau 77300, France
| | - Odile Cabaret
- Service de Génétique, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France and Inserm U946, Paris 75010, France
| | | | - Stéphane Richard
- Génétique Oncologique EPHE, Inserm U753, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France and Centre Expert National Cancers Rares PREDIR, INCa/AP-HP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94276, France
| | - Olivier Caron
- Department of Medicine, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Meriem Benfodda
- Genetic Department, Bichat Hospital, APHP, Paris 75018, and Inserm U976, Skin Research Center, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris 75010, France
| | - Hui-Han Hu
- Genetic Department, Bichat Hospital, APHP, Paris 75018, and Inserm U976, Skin Research Center, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris 75010, France
| | - Nadem Soufir
- Genetic Department, Bichat Hospital, APHP, Paris 75018, and Inserm U976, Skin Research Center, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris 7 University, Paris 75010, France
| | - Brigitte Bressac-de Paillerets
- Service de Génétique, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France and Inserm U946, Paris 75010, France
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris 75248, France
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institut Curie, Paris 75248, France
- University Paris Descartes, Paris 75270, France
| | - Marc-Henri Stern
- Institut Curie, Inserm U830, Paris 75248, France
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institut Curie, Paris 75248, France
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5
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Dickinson J, Murdoch H, Dennis M, Hall G, Bott R, Crabb W, Penet C, Sutton J, Raven N. Decontamination of prion protein (BSE301V) using a genetically engineered protease. J Hosp Infect 2009; 72:65-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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6
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Sende J, Jabre P, Leroux B, Penet C, Lecarpentier E, Khalid M, Margenet A, Marty J, Combes X. Invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring in an out-of-hospital setting: an observational study. Emerg Med J 2009; 26:210-2. [DOI: 10.1136/emj.2008.060608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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7
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Guyant-Maréchal L, Rovelet-Lecrux A, Goumidi L, Cousin E, Hannequin D, Raux G, Penet C, Ricard S, Macé S, Amouyel P, Deleuze JF, Frebourg T, Brice A, Lambert JC, Campion D. Variations in the APP gene promoter region and risk of Alzheimer disease. Neurology 2007; 68:684-7. [PMID: 17325276 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000255938.33739.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We genotyped five polymorphisms, including two polymorphisms with known effects on transcriptional activity, in a large cohort of 427 Alzheimer disease (AD) cases and 472 control subjects. An association between rs463946 (-3102 G/C) and AD was found and was confirmed in a replication sample of a similar size. By contrast, analysis of three recently described rare mutations influencing APP transcription did not confirm their association with AD risk.
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8
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Raux G, Guyant-Maréchal L, Martin C, Bou J, Penet C, Brice A, Hannequin D, Frebourg T, Campion D. Molecular diagnosis of autosomal dominant early onset Alzheimer's disease: an update. J Med Genet 2005; 42:793-5. [PMID: 16033913 PMCID: PMC1735922 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2005.033456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal dominant early onset Alzheimer's disease (ADEOAD) is genetically heterogeneous. Mutations of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1), and presenilin 2 (PSEN2) genes have been identified. OBJECTIVE To further clarify the respective contribution of these genes to ADEOAD. METHODS 31 novel families were investigated. They were ascertained using stringent criteria (the occurrence of probable or definite cases of Alzheimer's disease with onset before 60 years of age in three generations). All cases fulfilled the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for probable or definite Alzheimer's disease. The entire coding regions of PSEN1 and PSEN2 genes and exons 16 and 17 of APP gene were sequenced from genomic DNA RESULTS: PSEN1 mutations, including eight previously unreported mutations, were detected in 24 of the 31 families, and APP mutations were found in five families. In this sample, the mean ages of disease onset in PSEN1 and APP mutation carriers were 41.7 and 51.2 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Combining these data with previously published data, yielding 65 ADEOAD families, 66% of the cases were attributable to PSEN1 mutations and 16% to APP mutations, while 18% remained unexplained.
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stevanin
- INSERM U 289, Federative Institute for Neuroscience Research-IFR-70, Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France
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10
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Huber C, Odent S, Rumeur S, Padovani P, Penet C, Cormier-Daire V, Munnich A, Le Merrer M. Sulphate transporter gene mutations in apparently isolated club foot. J Med Genet 2001; 38:191-3. [PMID: 11303514 PMCID: PMC1734821 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.38.3.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Faivre L, Prieur AM, Le Merrer M, Hayem F, Penet C, Woo P, Hofer M, Dagoneau N, Sermet I, Munnich A, Cormier-Daire V. Clinical variability and genetic homogeneity of the camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis syndrome. Am J Med Genet 2000; 95:233-6. [PMID: 11102929 DOI: 10.1002/1096-8628(20001127)95:3<233::aid-ajmg9>3.0.co;2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis syndrome (CACP) is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by the association of congenital or early onset camptodactyly and noninflammatory arthropathy with synovial hyperplasia. Progressive coxa vara deformity and/or noninflammatory pericardial or pleural effusions have been observed in some patients. Recently, the disease gene has been assigned to human chromosome region 1q25-q31, and truncating mutations have been identified in the megakaryocyte stimulating factor gene. Studying 12 patients from 8 unrelated families, we emphasized hip and spine involvement, particularly in the course of the disease as shown in a 58-year-old patient. Despite clinical variability, linkage studies support genetic homogeneity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Faivre
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital des Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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12
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Tullio-Pelet A, Salomon R, Hadj-Rabia S, Mugnier C, de Laet MH, Chaouachi B, Bakiri F, Brottier P, Cattolico L, Penet C, Bégeot M, Naville D, Nicolino M, Chaussain JL, Weissenbach J, Munnich A, Lyonnet S. Mutant WD-repeat protein in triple-A syndrome. Nat Genet 2000; 26:332-5. [PMID: 11062474 DOI: 10.1038/81642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Triple-A syndrome (MIM 231550; also known as Allgrove syndrome) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH)-resistant adrenal insufficiency, achalasia of the oesophageal cardia and alacrima. Whereas several lines of evidence indicate that triple-A syndrome results from the abnormal development of the autonomic nervous system, late-onset progressive neurological symptoms (including cerebellar ataxia, peripheral neuropathy and mild dementia) suggest that the central nervous system may be involved in the disease as well. Using fine-mapping based on linkage disequilibrium in North African inbred families, we identified a short ancestral haplotype on chromosome 12q13 (<1 cM), sequenced a BAC contig encompassing the triple-A minimal region and identified a novel gene (AAAS) encoding a protein of 547 amino acids that is mutant in affected individuals. We found five homozygous truncating mutations in unrelated patients and ascribed the founder effect in North African families to a single splice-donor site mutation that occurred more than 2,400 years ago. The predicted product of AAAS, ALADIN (for alacrima-achalasia-adrenal insufficiency neurologic disorder), belongs to the WD-repeat family of regulatory proteins, indicating a new disease mechanism involved in triple-A syndrome. The expression of the gene in both neuroendocrine and cerebral structures points to a role in the normal development of the peripheral and central nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tullio-Pelet
- Unité de Recherches sur les Handicaps Génétiques de l'Enfant INSERM U-393, Paris, France
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13
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Cormier-Daire V, Dagoneau N, Nabbout R, Burglen L, Penet C, Soufflet C, Desguerre I, Munnich A, Dulac O. A gene for pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy maps to chromosome 5q31. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 67:991-3. [PMID: 10978228 PMCID: PMC1287902 DOI: 10.1086/303087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2000] [Accepted: 08/10/2000] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by generalized seizures in the first hours of life and responding only to pyridoxine hydrochloride. The pathogenesis of PDE is unknown, but an alteration in the binding of pyridoxal 5-phosphate to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been postulated in patients with PDE. Results are reported for genetic linkage analyses in four families with consanguineous parents and in one family with nonconsanguineous parents. The GAD1 (2q31) and GAD2 genes (10p23) were tested and excluded. A genomewide search was subsequently performed, using microsatellite markers at an average distance of 10 cM, and the search revealed linkage of the disease-causing gene to markers on chromosome 5q31.2-q31.3 (maximum LOD score [Z(max)] 8.43 at recombination fraction [theta] 0 and Zmax=7.58 at straight theta=0 at loci D5S2017 and D5S1972, respectively). A recombination event, between loci D5S638 and D5S463, in one family defined the distal boundary, and a second recombination event between loci D5S2011 and D5S2017 in another family defined the proximal boundary of the genetic interval encompassing the PDE gene (5.1 cM). Ongoing studies may lead to the identification of the disease-causing gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cormier-Daire
- Department of Medical Genetics and INSERM U393, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
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14
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Gerber S, Rozet JM, Takezawa SI, dos Santos LC, Lopes L, Gribouval O, Penet C, Perrault I, Ducroq D, Souied E, Jeanpierre M, Romana S, Frézal J, Ferraz F, Yu-Umesono R, Munnich A, Kaplan J. The photoreceptor cell-specific nuclear receptor gene (PNR) accounts for retinitis pigmentosa in the Crypto-Jews from Portugal (Marranos), survivors from the Spanish Inquisition. Hum Genet 2000; 107:276-84. [PMID: 11071390 DOI: 10.1007/s004390000350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The last Crypto-Jews (Marranos) are the survivors of Spanish Jews who were persecuted in the late fifteenth century, escaped to Portugal and were forced to convert to save their lives. Isolated groups still exist in mountainous areas such as Belmonte in the Beira-Baixa province of Portugal. We report here the genetic study of a highly consanguineous endogamic population of Crypto-Jews of Belmonte affected with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP). A genome-wide search for homozygosity allowed us to localize the disease gene to chromosome 15q22-q24 (Zmax=2.95 at theta=0 at the D15S131 locus). Interestingly, the photoreceptor cell-specific nuclear receptor (PNR) gene, the expression of which is restricted to the outer nuclear layer of retinal photoreceptor cells, was found to map to the YAC contig encompassing the disease locus. A search for mutations allowed us to ascribe the RP of Crypto-Jews of Belmonte to a homozygous missense mutation in the PNR gene. Preliminary haplotype studies support the view that this mutation is relatively ancient but probably occurred after the population settled in Belmonte.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gerber
- INSERM U393, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France
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15
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Zurutuza L, Verpillat P, Raux G, Hannequin D, Puel M, Belliard S, Michon A, Pothin Y, Camuzat A, Penet C, Martin C, Brice A, Campion D, Clerget-Darpoux F, Frebourg T. APOE promoter polymorphisms do not confer independent risk for Alzheimer's disease in a French population. Eur J Hum Genet 2000; 8:713-6. [PMID: 10980578 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E (APOE, gene; apoE, protein) isoforms are associated with differential risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). An additional involvement of APOE promoter polymorphisms in AD risk has recently been suggested by several studies. Indeed, three polymorphisms of the APOE regulatory region (-219 G/T, -427 C/T and -491 A/T) have been found associated with AD even after adjustment on the apoE status. We analysed these three promoter region polymorphisms in a large French case-control study (388 AD cases and 386 controls). We found that the -427 T and -491 A alleles were associated with an increased risk of developing AD, but not the -219 G/T alleles. However, a strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between the alleles of these promoter region polymorphisms and the APOE coding region alleles. We therefore retested association after adjustment on apoE status and found that the sole association which remained significant was the association with the -427 T allele. The alpha level was equal to 0.03 (0.09 after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons). Analysis of promoter haplotypes also yielded non-significant results. Thus our study does not reinforce the hypothesis of an independent involvement of the APOE promoter region polymorphisms in AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zurutuza
- Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, INSERM EPI 9906, IFRMP, Rouen
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16
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Belinda A, Xavier CF, Saraiva JM, Le Merrer M, Dagoneau N, Huber C, Penet C, Munnich A, Cormier-Daire V. Genetic homogeneity of the Camurati-Engelmann disease. Clin Genet 2000; 58:150-2. [PMID: 11005150 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2000.580211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Hadj-Rabia S, Salomon R, Pelet A, Penet C, Rotschild A, de Laët MH, Chaouachi B, Hannachi R, Bakiri F, Brauner R, Chaussain JL, Munnich A, Lyonnet S. Linkage disequilibrium in inbred North African families allows fine genetic and physical mapping of triple A syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2000; 8:613-20. [PMID: 10951524 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple A syndrome (Allgrove syndrome, MIM No. 231550) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterised by ACTH-resistant adrenal insufficiency, achalasia of the cardia, and alacrimia. The triple A gene has been previously mapped to chromosome 12q13 in a maximum interval of 6 cM between loci D12S1629 and D12S312. Using linkage analysis in 12 triple A families, mostly originating from North Africa, we confirm that the disease locus maps to the 12q13 region (Zmax = 10.89 at theta = 0 for D12S1604) and suggest that triple A is a genetically homogeneous disorder. Recombination events as well as homozygosity for polymorphic markers enabled us to reduce the genetic interval to a 3.9 cM region. Moreover, total linkage disequilibrium was found at the D12S1604 locus between a rare allele and the mutant chromosomes in North African patients. Analysis of markers at five contiguous loci showed that most of the triple A chromosomes are derived from a single founder chromosome. As all markers are located in a 0 cM genetic interval and only allele 5 at the D12S1604 locus was conserved in mutant chromosomes, we speculate that the triple A mutation is due to an ancient Arabian founder effect that occurred before migration to North Africa. Since we also found linkage disequilibrium at D12S1604 in two patients from Southern Europe (France and Spain), the founder effect might well extend to other Mediterranean countries. Taking advantage of a YAC contig encompassing the triple A minimal physical region, the triple A gene was mapped to a 1.7 Mb DNA fragment accessible to gene cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hadj-Rabia
- Département de Génétique et Unité de Recherches sur les Handicaps Génétiques de l'Enfant, Inserm U-393, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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18
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Campion D, Dumanchin C, Hannequin D, Dubois B, Belliard S, Puel M, Thomas-Anterion C, Michon A, Martin C, Charbonnier F, Raux G, Camuzat A, Penet C, Mesnage V, Martinez M, Clerget-Darpoux F, Brice A, Frebourg T. Early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease: prevalence, genetic heterogeneity, and mutation spectrum. Am J Hum Genet 1999; 65:664-70. [PMID: 10441572 PMCID: PMC1377972 DOI: 10.1086/302553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the prevalence of early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD) and of autosomal dominant forms of EOAD (ADEOAD), we performed a population-based study in the city of Rouen (426,710 residents). EOAD was defined as onset of disease at age <61 years, and ADEOAD was defined as the occurrence of at least three EOAD cases in three generations. Using these stringent criteria, we calculated that the EOAD and ADEOAD prevalences per 100,000 persons at risk were 41.2 and 5.3, respectively. We then performed a mutational analysis of the genes for amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1), and presenilin 2 (PSEN2) in 34 families with ADEOAD ascertained in France. In 19 (56%) of these families, we identified 16 distinct PSEN1 missense mutations, including 4 (Thr147Ile, Trp165Cys, Leu173Trp, and Ser390Ile) not reported elsewhere. APP mutations, including a novel mutation located at codon 715, were identified in 5 (15%) of the families. In the 10 remaining ADEOAD families and in 9 additional autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease families that did not fulfill the strict criteria for ADEOAD, no PSEN1, PSEN2, or APP mutation was identified. These results show that (1) PSEN1 and APP mutations account for 71% of ADEOAD families and (2) nonpenetrance at age <61 years is probably infrequent for PSEN1 or APP mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Campion
- INSERM EPI 9906, Faculté de Médecine, 76183 Rouen, France
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19
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Philippe A, Martinez M, Guilloud-Bataille M, Gillberg C, Råstam M, Sponheim E, Coleman M, Zappella M, Aschauer H, Van Maldergem L, Penet C, Feingold J, Brice A, Leboyer M, van Malldergerme L. Genome-wide scan for autism susceptibility genes. Paris Autism Research International Sibpair Study. Hum Mol Genet 1999; 8:805-12. [PMID: 10196369 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/8.5.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 387] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Family and twin studies have suggested a genetic component in autism. We performed a genome-wide screen with 264 microsatellites markers in 51 multiplex families, using non-parametric linkage methods. Families were recruited by a collaborative group including clinicians from Sweden, France, Norway, the USA, Italy, Austria and Belgium. Using two-point and multipoint affected sib-pair analyses, 11 regions gave nominal P -values of 0.05 or lower. Four of these regions overlapped with regions on chromosomes 2q, 7q, 16p and 19p identified by the first genome-wide scan of autism performed by the International Molecular Genetic Study of Autism Consortium. Another of our potential susceptibility regions overlapped with the 15q11-q13 region identified in previous candidate gene studies. Our study revealed six additional regions on chromosomes 4q, 5p, 6q, 10q, 18q and Xp. We found that the most significant multipoint linkage was close to marker D6S283 (maximum lod score = 2.23, P = 0.0013).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Philippe
- INSERM U155, Université Paris VII, France
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20
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Dumanchin C, Camuzat A, Campion D, Verpillat P, Hannequin D, Dubois B, Saugier-Veber P, Martin C, Penet C, Charbonnier F, Agid Y, Frebourg T, Brice A. Segregation of a missense mutation in the microtubule-associated protein tau gene with familial frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism. Hum Mol Genet 1998; 7:1825-9. [PMID: 9736786 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/7.11.1825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism (FTDP) is the second most common cause of neurodegenerative dementia after Alzheimer's disease. Recently, several kindreds with an autosomal dominant form of FTDP have been reported and in some families the pathological locus was mapped to a 2 cM interval on 17q21-22. The MAPT gene, located on 17q21 and coding for the human microtubule-associated protein tau, is a strong candidate gene, since tau-positive neuronal inclusions have been observed in brains from some FTDP patients. Direct sequencing of the MAPT exonic sequences in 21 French FTDP families revealed in six index cases the same missense mutation in exon 10 resulting in a Pro-->Leu change at amino acid 301. Co-segregation of this mutation with the disease was demonstrated by restriction fragment analysis in two families for which several affected relatives were available. The Pro301Leu mutation was not observed in either 50 unrelated French controls or in 11 patients with sporadic frontotemporal dementia. This mutation, which occurs in the second microtubule-binding domain of the MAPT protein, is likely to have a drastic functional consequence. The observation of this mutation in several FTDP families might suggest that disruption of binding of MAPT protein to the microtubule is a key event in the pathogenesis of FTDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dumanchin
- Génétique et Hématologie Moléculaires (JE 2006), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Rouen, 76031 Rouen, France and IFRMP, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignon, France
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Didierjean O, Martinez M, Campion D, Hannequin D, Dubois B, Martin C, Puel M, Thomas Anterion C, Pasquier F, Moreau O, Babron MC, Penet C, Agid Y, Clerget-Darpoux F, Frebourg T, Brice A. No effect of the alpha1-antichymotrypsin A allele in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1997; 63:103-5. [PMID: 9221977 PMCID: PMC2169624 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.63.1.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-epsilon4 allele is associated in a dose dependent manner to an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease. However, the ApoE-epsilon4 allele effect does not account for all patients with Alzheimer's disease, and the existence of other genetic risk factors has been postulated. Kamboh et al reported an association between Alzheimer's disease and the A allele of alpha1-antichymotrypsin (Aact) gene, which was not confirmed in a larger series more recently analysed. The ApoE and Aact genotypes were analysed in 314 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 173 healthy controls, confirming the dose dependent effect of the ApoE-epsilon4 allele. Nevertheless, even using odds ratios adjusted for age and sex, there was no significant effect of the Aact genotype on Alzheimer's disease or on the ApoE-epsilon4 allele associated risk for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Didierjean
- INSERM U 289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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22
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Bickeböller H, Campion D, Brice A, Amouyel P, Hannequin D, Didierjean O, Penet C, Martin C, Pérez-Tur J, Michon A, Dubois B, Ledoze F, Thomas-Anterion C, Pasquier F, Puel M, Demonet JF, Moreaud O, Babron MC, Meulien D, Guez D, Chartier-Harlin MC, Frebourg T, Agid Y, Martinez M, Clerget-Darpoux F. Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer disease: genotype-specific risks by age and sex. Am J Hum Genet 1997; 60:439-46. [PMID: 9012418 PMCID: PMC1712413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The distribution of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes as a function of age and sex has been examined in a French population of 417 Alzheimer disease (AD) patients and 1,030 control subjects. When compared to the APOE epsilon3 allele, an increased risk associated with the APOE epsilon4 allele (odds ratio [OR] [epsilon4] = 2.7 with 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.0-3.6; P < .001) and a protective effect of the APOE epsilon2 allele (OR[epsilon2] = 0.5 with 95% CI = 0.3-0.98; P = .012) were retrieved. An effect of the epsilon4 allele dosage on susceptibility was confirmed (OR[epsilon4/epsilon4] vs. the epsilon3/epsilon3 genotype = 11.2 [95% CI = 4.0-31.6]; OR[epsilon3/epsilon4] vs. the epsilon3/epsilon3 genotype = 2.2 [95% CI = 1.5-3.5]). The frequency of the epsilon4 allele was lower in male cases than in female cases, but, since a similar difference was found in controls, this does not lead to a difference in OR between sex. ORs for the epsilon4 allele versus the epsilon3 allele, OR(epsilon4), were not equal in all age classes: OR(epsilon4) in the extreme groups with onset at < 60 years or > 79 years were significantly lower than those from the age groups 60-79 years. In epsilon3/epsilon4 individuals, sex-specific lifetime risk estimates by age 85 years (i.e., sex-specific penetrances by age 85 years) were 0.14 (95% CI 0.04-0.30) for men and 0.17 (95% CI 0.09-0.28) for women.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Friedreich's ataxia, the most common inherited ataxia, is associated with a mutation that consists of an unstable expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin gene on chromosome 9, which encodes a protein of unknown function. METHODS We studied 187 patients with autosomal recessive ataxia, determined the size of the GAA expansions, and analyzed the clinical manifestations in relation to the number of GAA repeats and the duration of disease. RESULTS One hundred forty of the 187 patients, with ages at onset ranging from 2 to 51 years, were homozygous for a GAA expansion that had 120 to 1700 repeats of the trinucleotides. About one quarter of the patients, despite being homozygous, had atypical Friedreich's ataxia; they were older at presentation and had intact tendon reflexes. Larger GAA expansions correlated with earlier age at onset and shorter times to loss of ambulation. The size of the GAA expansions (and particularly that of the smaller of each pair) was associated with the frequency of cardiomyopathy and loss of reflexes in the upper limbs. The GAA repeats were unstable during transmission. CONCLUSIONS The clinical spectrum of Friedreich's ataxia is broader than previously recognized, and the direct molecular test for the GAA expansion on chromosome 9 is useful for diagnosis, determination of prognosis, and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dürr
- Fédération de Neurologie and INSERM Unité 289, Hôpital de la Saltpétriere, Paris, France
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24
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Dürr A, Davoine CS, Paternotte C, von Fellenberg J, Cogilinicean S, Coutinho P, Lamy C, Bourgeois S, Prud'homme JF, Penet C, Mas JL, Burgunder JM, Hazan J, Weissenbach J, Brice A, Fontaine B. Phenotype of autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia linked to chromosome 2. Brain 1996; 119 ( Pt 5):1487-96. [PMID: 8931574 DOI: 10.1093/brain/119.5.1487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the clinical features of 12 families with autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia (ADSP) linked to the SPG4 locus on chromosome 2p, the major locus for this disorder that accounts for approximately 40% of the families. Among 93 gene carriers, 32 (34%) were unaware of symptoms but were clinically affected. Haplotype reconstruction showed that 90% of the asymptomatic gene carriers presented increased reflexes and/or extensor plantar responses independent of age at examination. The mean age at onset was 29 years, ranging from 1 to 63 years. Intra- as well as inter-familial variability of age at onset was important, but did not result from anticipation. Phenotype-genotype correlations and comparison with SPG3 and SPG5 families indicated that despite the variability of age at onset, SPG4 is a single genetic entity but no clinical features distinguish individual SPG4 patients from those with SPG3 or SPG5 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dürr
- INSERM U289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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25
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Campion D, Brice A, Hannequin D, Charbonnier F, Dubois B, Martin C, Michon A, Penet C, Bellis M, Calenda A, Martinez M, Agid Y, Clerget-Darpoux F, Frebourg T. No founder effect in three novel Alzheimer's disease families with APP 717 Val-->Ile mutation. Clerget-darpoux. French Alzheimer's Disease Study Group. J Med Genet 1996; 33:661-4. [PMID: 8863158 PMCID: PMC1050700 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.33.8.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We sequenced exons 16 and 17 of the APP (amyloid precursor protein) gene in 18 unrelated French Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. These patients had an onset before the age of 60 and belonged to families with autosomal dominant transmission of the disease. We detected the APP 717 Val-->Ile mutation in three out of 18 (16.6%) families. In these three families, all affected subjects had the APOE 3/3 genotype, but their ages of onset ranged from 38 to 60 years, indicating that factors other than the APOE genotype influence age of onset. Analysis of two polymorphic loci adjacent to the APP gene showed that at least two independent mutational events had occurred within these pedigrees, in spite of their origin in the same region of France.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Campion
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU de Rouen
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26
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Campion D, Brice A, Dumanchin C, Puel M, Baulac M, De La Sayette V, Hannequin D, Duyckaerts C, Michon A, Martin C, Moreau V, Penet C, Martinez M, Clerget-Darpoux F, Agid Y, Frebourg T. A novel presenilin 1 mutation resulting in familial Alzheimer's disease with an onset age of 29 years. Neuroreport 1996; 7:1582-4. [PMID: 8904759 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-199607080-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We have identified a novel Alzheimer's disease family in which affected subjects had a very young age of onset (range 29-35 years). Neuropathological confirmation of the diagnosis was obtained for one patient. Molecular analysis shows that within this family the disease results from a missense mutation at codon 235 of the presenilin 1 (PS-1) gene. Two patients had exhibited generalized tonico-clonic seizures several years before the onset of dementia. Whether this particular clinical feature is a consequence of the PS-1 mutation remains to be established. The Leu235Pro mutation is, to our knowledge, the PS-1 mutation associated with the youngest age of AD onset, which suggests that it has a drastic effect on PS-1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Campion
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU de Rouen, France
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27
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Dürr A, Stevanin G, Cancel G, Duyckaerts C, Abbas N, Didierjean O, Chneiweiss H, Benomar A, Lyon-Caen O, Julien J, Serdaru M, Penet C, Agid Y, Brice A. Spinocerebellar ataxia 3 and Machado-Joseph disease: clinical, molecular, and neuropathological features. Ann Neurol 1996; 39:490-9. [PMID: 8619527 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410390411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Patients with spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA3) and Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) carry an expanded CAG repeat in the MJD1 gene. One hundred twenty families of different geographic origin with autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA) type I were tested. Thirty-four families (126 patients) carried an expanded CAG repeat. The expanded and the normal allele did not overlap and the repeat was unstable during transmission, with variation in the size of the CAG length ranging from -8 to +5 and a mean expansion of 0.86 repeats without differences according to the parental sex. There was a combined effect of the number of CAG repeats of the expanded and normal allele on the age at onset, which accounted for 70% of its variability. The length of the CAG repeat influenced the frequency of clinical signs associated with cerebellar ataxia, such as abnormal tendon reflexes or decreased vibration sense, whereas the interindividual variation of supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, sphincter and swallowing difficulties, and amyotrophy was mostly determined by different disease durations. We compared the clinical profile of 91 SCA3/MJD patients with 51 SCA1 and 32 SCA2 patients. There were striking differences between the SCA3/MJD and SCA2 but not with SCA1 groups of patients. Despite their clinical similarities, distinct neuropathological features were observed in 2 SCA3/MJD and 2 SCA1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dürr
- INSERM U289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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28
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Dubourg O, Dürr A, Chneiweiss H, Stevanin G, Cancel G, Penet C, Agid Y, Brice A. [Does the ataxo-choreic form of DRPLA exist in Europe? Search of mutation in 120 families]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1995; 151:657-60. [PMID: 8745629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a degeneration of cerebellar and pallidal efferents, more frequent in Japan. Isolated cases are also encountered. Patients present with variable combination of signs including myoclonus, ataxia, epilepsy, choreoathetosis and dementia, with onset from childhood to the seventh decade. Clinically, DRPLA may be undistinguishable from other genetic disorders, in particular Huntington's disease or the spinocerebellar ataxias. The genetic basis of the inherited form of DRPLA is an expansion to more than 49 repeats of an unstable trinucleotide (CAG) in the DRPLA gene on the short arm of chromosome 12. We determined the frequency of this mutation in patients with the DRPLA phenotype. One hundred and seventeen patients with cerebellar ataxia, from 94 families and 23 isolated cases, as well as 3 patients from families with undiagnosed autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorders were investigated for the presence of the expanded sequence. None of the patients carried this mutation. This finding suggests that DRPLA is rare in the French population. The search for the DRPLA mutation is justified in patients with the DRPLA phenotype, however, since genetic counselling is often requested and neither clinical, nor neuropathological examinations permit a definite diagnosis of the underlying disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Dubourg
- INSERM U 289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris
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29
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Cancel G, Stevanin G, Dürr A, Chneiweiss H, Penet C, Pothin Y, Agid Y, Brice A. SCA2 is not a major locus for ADCA type I in French families. Am J Med Genet 1995; 60:382-5. [PMID: 8546150 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320600507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCA) of type I, a group of clinically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders, are known to be genetically heterogeneous since a second locus for ADCA type I (SCA2) has been identified on the long arm of chromosome 12. Linkage analysis was performed in 7 French ADCA type I families in order to estimate its frequency. We analysed 121 individuals, 39 of whom were affected. In 6 families, the SCA2 candidate interval, spanning 12.8 cM, was excluded by bi- and multipoint analysis. In one family (SAL-315), however, the maximal positive lod score reached 2.03 at the D12S79 locus. A posterior probability of 94% in favor of linkage to SCA2 was calculated by homogeneity analysis. The clinical profile of this family was similar to that of previously described SCA1 and non-SCA1 families, except that dementia was observed in 2 out of 6 patients. This may be a clinical idiosyncrasy in this family and was insufficient for a genotype-phenotype correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cancel
- INSERM U289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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30
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Cancel G, Abbas N, Stevanin G, Dürr A, Chneiweiss H, Néri C, Duyckaerts C, Penet C, Cann HM, Agid Y. Marked phenotypic heterogeneity associated with expansion of a CAG repeat sequence at the spinocerebellar ataxia 3/Machado-Joseph disease locus. Am J Hum Genet 1995; 57:809-16. [PMID: 7573040 PMCID: PMC1801502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The spinocerebellar ataxia 3 locus (SCA3) for type I autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA type I), a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders, has been mapped to chromosome 14q32.1. ADCA type I patients from families segregating SCA3 share clinical features in common with those with Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), the gene of which maps to the same region. We show here that the disease gene segregating in each of three French ADCA type I kindreds and in a French family with neuropathological findings suggesting the ataxochoreic form of dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy carries an expanded CAG repeat sequence located at the same locus as that for MJD. Analysis of the mutation in these families shows a strong negative correlation between size of the expanded CAG repeat and age at onset of clinical disease. Instability of the expanded triplet repeat was not found to be affected by sex of the parent transmitting the mutation. Evidence was found for somatic and gonadal mosaicism for alleles carrying expanded trinucleotide repeats.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cancel
- INSERM U289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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31
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Brice A, Tardieu S, Campion D, Le Guern E, Martinez M, Carpentier A, Penet C, Dubois B, Bellis M, Mallet J. Allelic association at the D14S43 locus in early onset Alzheimer's disease. French Alzheimer's Disease Collaborative Study Group. Am J Med Genet 1995; 60:91-3. [PMID: 7485257 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320600202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The D14S43 marker is closely linked to the major gene for early onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease on chromosome 14. Allelic frequencies at the D14S43 locus were compared in 113 familial and isolated cases of early onset Alzheimer's disease (< 60 years of age at onset) (EOAD) and 109 unaffected individuals of the same geographic origin. Allele 7 was significantly (P = 0.033) more frequent in type 1 EOAD patients (13.2%), defined by the presence of at least another first degree relative with EOAD, than in controls (4.1%). Since an autosomal dominant gene is probably responsible for type 1 patients, allelic association may reflect linkage disequilibrium at the D14S43 locus. This would mean that some patients share a common ancestral mutation. However, since multiple tests were carried out, this result must be interpreted with caution, and needs confirmation in an independent sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brice
- Institut National de la Sauté et de la Recherche Médicale U 289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, France
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32
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Dubourg O, Dürr A, Cancel G, Stevanin G, Chneiweiss H, Penet C, Agid Y, Brice A. Analysis of the SCA1 CAG repeat in a large number of families with dominant ataxia: clinical and molecular correlations. Ann Neurol 1995; 37:176-80. [PMID: 7847859 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410370207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominantly inherited ataxias are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders. The gene involved in one subtype, spinocerebellar ataxia 1 (SCA1), was first localized to chromosome 6p. An unstable CAG repeat has been identified as the responsible mutation. In this study, 88 families with various types of inherited ataxias and 16 individuals with sporadic cerebellar ataxia were investigated to determine the frequency of this mutation, the behavior of the SCA1 CAG repeat during transmission, and the clinical features specific to this form of disease. Only 12 of the families carried the SCA1 mutation; 10 of the 12 were of French origin. When transmitted paternally, the repeat was more unstable and larger in size. Age at onset was inversely correlated with the number of CAG repeats. Anticipation in age at onset of about 11 years was observed in offspring. Analysis of the clinical features did not distinguish SCA1 from other forms of dominantly inherited ataxias. In the absence of distinguishing clinical characteristics, the diagnosis of SCA1 in single affected patients or family members can only be made by direct detection of the mutation, opening the way for presymptomatic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Dubourg
- INSERM U 289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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33
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Fontaine B, Rime CS, Hazan J, Dürr A, Stevanin G, Penet C, Reboul J, Agid Y, Lyon-Caen O, Baumann N. Exclusion of the candidate locus FSP1 in six families with late-onset autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia. Neuromuscul Disord 1995; 5:11-7. [PMID: 7719135 DOI: 10.1016/0960-8966(94)e0024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary spastic paraplegias are neurological hereditary conditions of unknown aetiology. In pure spastic paraplegia, most of the pedigrees display an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. A gene for pure autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia (ADSP), termed FSP1, was mapped to chromosome 14q in a large pedigree with early-onset disease. This locus was tested by linkage analysis in six large French kindreds of ADSP with late-onset disease, using four microsatellites spanning a 9 cM interval including FSP1. FSP1 could be excluded in five of the six families, while no evidence for linkage was found in the remaining family. These results suggest that FSP1 is not involved in late onset ADSP, at least in the six families studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fontaine
- INSERM U134, Hôpital de la Salpêtriére, Paris, France
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34
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Campion D, Brice A, Hannequin D, Tardieu S, Dubois B, Calenda A, Brun E, Penet C, Tayot J, Martinez M. A large pedigree with early-onset Alzheimer's disease: clinical, neuropathologic, and genetic characterization. Neurology 1995; 45:80-5. [PMID: 7824141 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.45.1.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We present clinical, neuropsychological, and neuropathologic data on a large pedigree including 34 subjects with early-onset progressive dementia. The mean (+/- SD) age at onset was 46 +/- 3.5 years and the mean age at death 52.6 +/- 5.7 years. Twelve patients were clinically diagnosed as having probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) according to the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Neuropsychological evaluation, performed at a moderate stage of the disease, was available in six subjects and showed a classic pattern of cognitive deficit. Myoclonus and extrapyramidal signs were common, and seizures were present in all affected subjects. There were neuropathologic changes typical of AD in two brains. A significant lod score of 5.48 was observed at a recombination fraction of theta = 0.0 with the genetic marker D14S43, thereby establishing that the responsible gene was located on chromosome 14q24.3. These results suggest that epilepsy could represent a particular feature in AD families linked to chromosome 14q.
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35
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Le Guern E, Ravise N, Gugenheim M, Vignal A, Penet C, Bouche P, Weissenbach J, Agid Y, Brice A. Linkage analyses between dominant X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and 15 Xq11-Xq21 microsatellites in a new large family: three new markers are closely linked to the gene. Neuromuscul Disord 1994; 4:463-9. [PMID: 7881290 DOI: 10.1016/0960-8966(94)90085-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
X-linked dominant inheritance was suspected in a large family with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease since no male to male transmission was observed, and since the sensory and motor neuropathy was more severe in males than in females. To test linkage to the dominant X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (DCMTX) locus in Xq13, genotypes of 19 affected and 19 unaffected individuals from this family were determined for 4 microsatellite markers. Close linkage to mfd66 (DXS453) was found by bipoint analysis (Zmax = 4.8 at theta = 0.00). Multipoint analysis mapped the gene between the androgen receptor and DXYS1. In addition, linkage analysis performed with 11 microsatellite markers, derived from a high density map spanning 16 cM on Xq11-Xq21 revealed 3 new tightly linked loci: afm287zg1 (DXS1216), afm261zh5 and afm207zg5 (DXS995). Multipoint analysis localized the DCMTX gene to a 7.5 cM interval between afm123xd4 (DXS988) and afm116xg1 (DXS986). Combined analysis with these new microsatellites provides a powerful tool for carrier detection because of their high informativity and the small genetic distance (< 10 cM) between the markers flanking the gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Le Guern
- INSERM U289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Stevanin G, Le Guern E, Ravisé N, Chneiweiss H, Dürr A, Cancel G, Vignal A, Boch AL, Ruberg M, Penet C. A third locus for autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I maps to chromosome 14q24.3-qter: evidence for the existence of a fourth locus. Am J Hum Genet 1994; 54:11-20. [PMID: 8279460 PMCID: PMC1918062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCA) type I are a group of neurological disorders that are clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Two genes implicated in the disease, SCA1 (spinal cerebellar ataxia 1) and SCA2, are already localized. We have mapped a third locus to chromosome 14q24.3-qter, by linkage analysis in a non-SCA1/non-SCA2 family and have confirmed its existence in a second such family. We suggest designating this new locus "SCA3". Combined analysis of the two families restricted the SCA3 locus to a 15-cM interval between markers D14S67 and D14S81. The gene for Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), a clinically different form of ADCA type I, has been recently assigned to chromosome 14q24.3-q32. Although the SCA3 locus is within the MJD region, linkage analyses cannot yet demonstrate whether they result from mutations of the same gene. Linkage to all three loci (SCA1, SCA2, and SCA3) was excluded in another family, which indicates the existence of a fourth ADCA type I locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stevanin
- INSERM Unité 289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Dürr A, Stevanin G, Jedynak CP, Penet C, Agid Y, Brice A. Familial essential tremor and idiopathic torsion dystonia are different genetic entities. Neurology 1993; 43:2212-4. [PMID: 8232931 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.43.11.2212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial essential tremor (ET) is an autosomal dominant disorder presenting as an isolated postural tremor. Its frequent association with dystonia suggests that the two disorders might be pathogenically related. We report the exclusion of the DYT1 locus on chromosome 9q32-34, responsible for idiopathic torsion dystonia (ITD), in two large ET families. We conclude that ET and ITD are distinct genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dürr
- INSERM U298, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Stevanin G, Chneiweiss H, Le Guern E, Ravise N, Dürr A, Penet C, Agid Y, Brice A. Genetic heterogeneity of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I: evidence for the existence of a third locus. Hum Mol Genet 1993; 2:1483-5. [PMID: 8242077 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/2.9.1483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Stevanin
- INSERM U 289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Brice A, Ravisé N, Stevanin G, Gugenheim M, Bouche P, Penet C, Agid Y. Duplication within chromosome 17p11.2 in 12 families of French ancestry with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1a. The French CMT Research Group. J Med Genet 1992; 29:807-12. [PMID: 1453432 PMCID: PMC1016177 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.29.11.807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type I (HMSN I), also designated Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 (CMT1), is a peripheral neuropathy frequently inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, characterised by progressive distal muscular atrophy and sensory loss with markedly decreased nerve conduction velocity. A duplication within chromosome 17p11.2, cosegregating with the disease, has recently been reported in several CMT1a families. In order to estimate the frequency of this anomaly and determine the location of a duplication in this region, 12 CMT1 families were analysed with polymorphic DNA markers located within 17p11.2-12. Duplications were found in all families including loci D17S61 (EW401), D17S122 (VAW409R3a and RM11-GT), and D17S125 (VAW412R3). The duplications were completely linked and associated with the disease (lod score of 20.77 at zero recombination). Screening for the RM11-GT microsatellite showed that most of the duplicated haplotypes were heterozygous, supporting the hypothesis that the duplication resulted from an unequal crossing over. There was no significant haplotype association within the duplicated region suggesting that the duplication resulted de novo as an independent event in each family. In one family, recombination within the duplicated region was observed, indicating that genetic instability in 17p11.2 might be related to a high recombination rate. Since most cases of CMT1a seem to result from this segmental trisomy, it can be used as a basis for DNA diagnosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brice
- INSERM U289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Abstract
The visually evoked P 300 wave and related reaction times (RTs) were studied in 25 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Both the P 300 wave latency and the RTs were significantly increased compared with 14 control subjects, and were correlated with an intellectual deterioration index calculated from neuropsychological scores. It is suggested that the study of wave P 300 may contribute to the diagnosis of cognitive disorders in PSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pierrot-Deseilligny
- Clinique de Neurologie et de Neuropsychologie, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Pierrot-Deseilligny C, Rivaud S, Penet C, Rigolet MH. Latencies of visually guided saccades in unilateral hemispheric cerebral lesions. Ann Neurol 1987; 21:138-48. [PMID: 3827222 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410210206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Latencies of lateral visually guided saccades were studied in 60 patients without hemianopia who had unilateral focal lesions clearly visible on computed tomographic (CT) scan that were variously located in both cerebral hemispheres. Significantly asymmetrical latencies were found in 29 patients whose lesions had damaged the deep and posterior frontal region near the corpus callosum and/or, just inferior to this region, the anterior part of the internal capsule. In the 31 other patients, including those with lesions of the frontal eye fields (FEF), latencies were not significantly asymmetrical and the lesions spared the entire region just described. These topographical features suggest that the asymmetry of latencies is due to damage in a certain portion of the efferent pathways descending from the FEF. A significant increase in bilateral latency was observed in most patients whose lesions had damaged the posterior part of the parietal cortex and/or the underlying white matter. The parietal lobe could therefore exert an excitatory bilateral action on the triggering of visually guided saccades, probably mediated via the superior colliculus. A significant decrease in the bilateral or ipsilateral latency was often found in patients whose lesions had damaged the FEF or the underlying white matter. The frontal lobe could therefore exert a predominantly inhibitory bilateral action on this triggering, probably also mediated via the superior colliculus. However, an increase in contralateral latency in some patients with subcortical frontal lesions indicates that the FEF also probably have an excitatory action. This action could be transmitted directly (or indirectly via the superior colliculus) to the reticular premotor structures by tracts decussating partly through the corpus callosum.
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Abstract
A 75-year-old right-handed woman, after a probable cerebral infarct, developed an irregular constriction of the visual fields, a left-sided agraphia, and an anomia for objects in the left hand. Subsequent testing demonstrated an inability to name, though ability to recognize, letters and objects flashed in the homonymous left visual field. An inter-hemispheric disconnexion syndrome was inferred from these findings. The present publication concerns mainly the visual aspects of this disconnexion syndrome. Tasks were devised to test the abilities of the major and minor hemisphere: (a) the left hemisphere demonstrated a complete dominance for language expression and an incomplete dominance for written language comprehension; (b) the right hemisphere appeared to be dominant for some visuo-spatial tasks including number comprehension; (c) when the hemispheres were given contradictory visual informations on a non-verbal task (chimeric stimuli) there was a predominance of the right hemisphere. The right hemisphere appeared able to process complex information. Specialization of functional activities in each hemisphere is briefly discussed.
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Lhermitte F, Chain F, Chedru F, Penet C. [Interhemispheric disconnection syndrome. Study of visual aptitudes]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1974; 130:247-50. [PMID: 4432016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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