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Carroll EF, Woodard GA, St Amand CM, Davidge-Pitts C. Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations for Transgender and Gender Diverse Patients: A Knowledge and Familiarity Assessment of Primary Care Practitioners. J Community Health 2023; 48:889-897. [PMID: 37219789 PMCID: PMC10468429 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01228-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer screening recommendations for transgender and gender diverse (TGD) patients have only been recently developed and many primary care practitioners (PCPs) are unaware of these specific recommendations. The aim of this study is to assess the level of familiarity and knowledge PCPs have with breast cancer screening recommendations for TGD patients. An anonymous survey was distributed to primary care physicians, primary care advanced practice practitioners, and internal medicine and family medicine residents at three academic medical systems in the United States (Mayo Clinic, University of Michigan, University of Texas - Medical Branch). Survey questions assessed the familiarity and knowledge base of TGD breast cancer screening recommendations, training and experience with TGD patients, and basic demographics of the practitioners. Of the 95 survey respondents, only 35% of respondents were aware that breast cancer screening recommendations for TGD patients existed. PCPs who had increased transgender specific health care training and direct clinical exposure to TGD patients demonstrated significantly higher levels of screening recommendation awareness. Two-thirds of respondents received TGD specific medical education during training or medical career and those who had increased transgender specific medical education or direct clinical exposure to TGD patients demonstrated significantly higher levels of screening recommendation awareness. Awareness of breast cancer screening recommendations for TGD patients is low among PCPs and varied based on the practitioner's prior TGD education and experience. Up-to-date breast cancer screening recommendations for TGD patients should be readily available across multiple platforms, target key audiences, and integrated into transgender health educational curriculums to maximize awareness of these important recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn F Carroll
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | - Colt M St Amand
- Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Anderson E, Eleazer JR, Kristensen Z, St Amand CM, Baker AM, Correro AN, Cottingham ME, Hinrichs KLM, Parmenter BA, Stelmokas J, Trittschuh EH. Affirmative neuropsychological practice with transgender and gender diverse individuals and communities. Clin Neuropsychol 2022:1-19. [PMID: 35642438 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2022.2073915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To provide guidance and resources on how to practice culturally safe and humble neuropsychology with transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals and communities. Methods: We gathered a multidisciplinary team of clinicians with relevant professional and/or lived experience to review pertinent literature, discuss important concepts, and identify key resources. From this process, we outline practical steps to advance gender affirmative neuropsychological practice. Results: Professional awareness and knowledge regarding how to gather context-relevant, gender identity information is critical. TGD individuals form a heterogenous group; a one-size-fits-all approach is not adequate. It is incumbent upon neuropsychologists to engage in clinical and research practices in a manner that does not perpetuate gender minority stress and trauma. Creating an open, safe environment of care requires intentionality and careful thinking to determine what information is relevant for a particular referral question. We provide recommendations and resources for neuropsychologists. Conclusion: When neuropsychologists are proactive, responsible, and intentional, they can better provide individualized, person-centered, and trauma-informed care to TGD individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Anderson
- Anderson Health Strategies, LLC, President Former USPATH, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Colt M St Amand
- Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Abigail M Baker
- VA-Tennessee Valley Healthcare System
- Saint Mary's University of Minnesota
| | - Anthony N Correro
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan
| | | | - Kate L M Hinrichs
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Mental Health Service, Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brett A Parmenter
- Olympic Psychology Services, Tacoma, WA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, GRECC, University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julija Stelmokas
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan
- New York Harbor Healthcare System Brooklyn Campus
| | - Emily H Trittschuh
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, GRECC, University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Kuper
- Children's Health System of Texas, Dallas, Texas; .,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - G Nic Rider
- Program in Human Sexuality, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Colt M St Amand
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas.,Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and.,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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