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Rodríguez González MC, Ibarburu IM, Rebanal C, Sulleiro MV, Sasikumar R, Naranjo A, Ayani CG, Garnica M, Calleja F, Pérez EM, Vázquez de Parga AL, De Feyter S. Clicking beyond suspensions: understanding thiol-ene chemistry on solid-supported MoS 2. Nanoscale 2024; 16:3749-3754. [PMID: 38298095 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05236b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Molecular functionalization of MoS2 has attracted a lot of attention due to its potential to afford fine-tuned hybrid materials that benefit from the power of synthetic chemistry and molecular design. Here, we report on the on-surface reaction of maleimides on bulk and molecular beam epitaxy grown single-layer MoS2, both in ambient conditions as well as ultrahigh vacuum using scanning probe microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam C Rodríguez González
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
- Área de Química Física, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Materiales y Nanotecnología (IMN), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38200 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Iván M Ibarburu
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Clara Rebanal
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Rahul Sasikumar
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Cosme G Ayani
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | - Amadeo L Vázquez de Parga
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- IFIMAC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Ayani CG, Pisarra M, Ibarburu IM, Garnica M, Miranda R, Calleja F, Martín F, Vázquez de Parga AL. Probing the Phase Transition to a Coherent 2D Kondo Lattice. Small 2024; 20:e2303275. [PMID: 37875781 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Kondo lattices are systems with unusual electronic properties that stem from strong electron correlation, typically studied in intermetallic 3D compounds containing lanthanides or actinides. Lowering the dimensionality of the system enhances the role of electron correlations providing a new tuning knob for the search of novel properties in strongly correlated quantum matter. The realization of a 2D Kondo lattice by stacking a single-layer Mott insulator on a metallic surface is reported. The temperature of the system is steadily lowered and by using high-resolution scanning tunneling spectroscopy, the phase transition leading to the Kondo lattice is followed. Above 27 K the interaction between the Mott insulator and the metal is negligible and both keep their original electronic properties intact. Below 27 K the Kondo screening of the localized electrons in the Mott insulator begins and below 11 K the formation of a coherent quantum electronic state extended to the entire sample, i.e., the Kondo lattice, takes place. By means of density functional theory, the electronic properties of the system and its evolution with temperature are explained. The findings contribute to the exploration of unconventional states in 2D correlated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosme G Ayani
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Michele Pisarra
- Dipartimento di Física, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 30C and INFN, Sezione LNF, Gruppo collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, Rende (CS), 87036, Italy
| | - Iván M Ibarburu
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Manuela Garnica
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- IFIMAC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Fabián Calleja
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Fernando Martín
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Dep. Química Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Amadeo L Vázquez de Parga
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- IFIMAC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
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Di Bernardo I, Ripoll-Sau J, Silva-Guillén JA, Calleja F, Ayani CG, Miranda R, Canadell E, Garnica M, Vázquez de Parga AL. Metastable Polymorphic Phases in Monolayer TaTe 2. Small 2023:e2300262. [PMID: 37029707 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphic phases and collective phenomena-such as charge density waves (CDWs)-in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) dictate the physical and electronic properties of the material. Most TMDs naturally occur in a single given phase, but the fine-tuning of growth conditions via methods such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) allows to unlock otherwise inaccessible polymorphic structures. Exploring and understanding the morphological and electronic properties of new phases of TMDs is an essential step to enable their exploitation in technological applications. Here, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is used to map MBE-grown monolayer (ML) TaTe2 . This work reports the first observation of the 1H polymorphic phase, coexisting with the 1T, and demonstrates that their relative coverage can be controlled by adjusting synthesis parameters. Several superperiodic structures, compatible with CDWs, are observed to coexist on the 1T phase. Finally, this work provides theoretical insight on the delicate balance between Te…Te and Ta-Ta interactions that dictates the stability of the different phases. The findings demonstrate that TaTe2 is an ideal platform to investigate competing interactions, and indicate that accurate tuning of growth conditions is key to accessing metastable states in TMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Di Bernardo
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Joan Ripoll-Sau
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Jose Angel Silva-Guillén
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Fabian Calleja
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Cosme G Ayani
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Enric Canadell
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Manuela Garnica
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Amadeo L Vázquez de Parga
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
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Ayani CG, Calleja F, Ibarburu IM, Casado Aguilar P, Nazriq NKM, Yamada TK, Garnica M, Vázquez de Parga AL, Miranda R. Switchable molecular functionalization of an STM tip: from a Yu-Shiba-Rusinov Tip to a Kondo tip. Nanoscale 2022; 14:15111-15118. [PMID: 36205255 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08227b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work we fabricate and characterize a functionalized superconducting (SC) Nb tip of a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM). The tip is functionalized with a Tetracyanoquinodimethane molecule (TCNQ) that accepts charge from the tip and develops a magnetic moment. As a consequence, in scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (STS), sharp, bias symmetric sub-gap states identified as Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound states appear against the featureless density of states of a metallic graphene on Ir(111) sample. Although the coupling regime of the magnetic impurity with the SC tip depends on the initial absorption configuration of the molecule, the interaction strength between the SC tip and the charged TCNQ molecule can be reversibly controlled by tuning the tip-sample distance. The controlled transition from one coupling regime to the other allows us to verify the relation between the energy scales of the two competing many-body effects for the functionalized tip. Quenching the SC state of the Nb tip with a magnetic field switches abruptly from a tip dominated by the YSR bound states to a Kondo tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosme G Ayani
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fabian Calleja
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ivan M Ibarburu
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pablo Casado Aguilar
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nana K M Nazriq
- Department of Materials Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Toyo K Yamada
- Department of Materials Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Manuela Garnica
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto 'Nicolás Cabrera', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amadeo L Vázquez de Parga
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto 'Nicolás Cabrera', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto 'Nicolás Cabrera', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Ayani CG, Pisarra M, Urgel JI, Navarro JJ, Díaz C, Hayashi H, Yamada H, Calleja F, Miranda R, Fasel R, Martín F, Vázquez de Parga AL. Efficient photogeneration of nonacene on nanostructured graphene. Nanoscale Horiz 2021; 6:744-750. [PMID: 34165121 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The on-surface photogeneration of nonacene from α-bisdiketone precursors deposited on nanostructured epitaxial graphene grown on Ru(0001) has been studied by means of low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The presence of an unoccupied surface state, spatially localized in the regions where the precursors are adsorbed, and energetically accessible in the region of the electromagnetic spectrum where n-π* transitions take place, allows for a 100% conversion of the precursors into nonacenes. With the help of state-of-the-art theoretical calculations, we show that such a high yield is due to the effective population of the surface state by the incoming light and the ensuing electron transfer to the unoccupied states of the precursors through an inelastic scattering mechanism. Our findings are the experimental confirmation that surface states can play a prominent role in the surface photochemistry of complex molecular systems, in accordance with early theoretical predictions made on small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosme G Ayani
- Dep Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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Ajejas F, Anadon A, Gudin A, Diez JM, Ayani CG, Olleros-Rodríguez P, de Melo Costa L, Navío C, Gutierrez A, Calleja F, Vázquez de Parga AL, Miranda R, Camarero J, Perna P. Thermally Activated Processes for Ferromagnet Intercalation in Graphene-Heavy Metal Interfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:4088-4096. [PMID: 31875389 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of graphene (Gr) spintronics requires the ability to engineer epitaxial Gr heterostructures with interfaces of high quality, in which the intrinsic properties of Gr are modified through proximity with a ferromagnet to allow for efficient room temperature spin manipulation or the stabilization of new magnetic textures. These heterostructures can be prepared in a controlled way by intercalation through graphene of different metals. Using photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we achieve a nanoscale control of thermally activated intercalation of a homogeneous ferromagnetic (FM) layer underneath epitaxial Gr grown onto (111)-oriented heavy metal (HM) buffers deposited, in turn, onto insulating oxide surfaces. XPS and STM demonstrate that Co atoms evaporated on top of Gr arrange in 3D clusters and, upon thermal annealing, penetrate through and diffuse below Gr in a 2D fashion. The complete intercalation of the metal occurs at specific temperatures, depending on the type of metallic buffer. The activation energy and the optimum temperature for the intercalation processes are determined. We describe a reliable method to fabricate and characterize in situ high-quality Gr-FM/HM heterostructures, enabling the realization of novel spin-orbitronic devices that exploit the extraordinary properties of Gr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ajejas
- IMDEA Nanociencia , c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada & Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera" , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Alberto Anadon
- IMDEA Nanociencia , c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Adrian Gudin
- IMDEA Nanociencia , c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada & Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera" , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - José Manuel Diez
- IMDEA Nanociencia , c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada & Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera" , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Cosme G Ayani
- IMDEA Nanociencia , c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | | | | | - Cristina Navío
- IMDEA Nanociencia , c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Alejandro Gutierrez
- Departamento Física Aplicada & Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera" , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Fabian Calleja
- IMDEA Nanociencia , c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Amadeo L Vázquez de Parga
- IMDEA Nanociencia , c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada & Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera" , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- IFIMAC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanociencia , c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada & Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera" , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- IFIMAC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Julio Camarero
- IMDEA Nanociencia , c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada & Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera" , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- IFIMAC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Paolo Perna
- IMDEA Nanociencia , c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
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