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Vu NTH, Quach TN, Dao XTT, Le HT, Le CP, Nguyen LT, Le LT, Ngo CC, Hoang H, Chu HH, Phi QT. A genomic perspective on the potential of termite-associated Cellulosimicrobium cellulans MP1 as producer of plant biomass-acting enzymes and exopolysaccharides. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11839. [PMID: 34395081 PMCID: PMC8325422 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lignocellulose is a renewable and enormous biomass resource, which can be degraded efficiently by a range of cocktails of carbohydrate-active enzymes secreted by termite gut symbiotic bacteria. There is an urgent need to find enzymes with novel characteristics for improving the conversion processes in the production of lignocellulosic-based products. Although various studies dedicated to the genus Cellulosimicrobium as gut symbiont, genetic potential related to plant biomass-acting enzymes and exopolysaccharides production has been fully untapped to date. Methods The cellulolytic bacterial strain MP1 was isolated from termite guts and identified to the species level by phenotypic, phylogenetic, and genomic analysis. To further explore genes related to cellulose and hemicellulose degradation, the draft genome of strain MP1 was obtained by using whole-genome sequencing, assembly, and annotation through the Illumina platform. Lignocellulose degrading enzymes and levan production in the liquid medium were also examined to shed light on bacterial activities. Results Among 65 isolates obtained, the strain MP1 was the most efficient cellulase producer with cellulase activity of 0.65 ± 0.02 IU/ml. The whole genome analysis depicted that strain MP1 consists of a circular chromosome that contained 4,580,223 bp with an average GC content of 73.9%. The genome comprises 23 contigs including 67 rRNA genes, three tRNA genes, a single tmRNA gene, and 4,046 protein-coding sequences. In support of the phenotypic identification, the 16S rRNA gene sequence, average nucleotide identity, and whole-genome-based taxonomic analysis demonstrated that the strain MP1 belongs to the species Cellulosimicrobium cellulans. A total of 30 genes related to the degradation of cellulases and hemicellulases were identified in the C. cellulans MP1 genome. Of note, the presence of sacC1-levB-sacC2-ls operon responsible for levan and levan-type fructooligosaccharides biosynthesis was detected in strain MP1 genome, but not with closely related C. cellulans strains, proving this strain to be a potential candidate for further studies. Endoglucanases, exoglucanases, and xylanase were achieved by using cheaply available agro-residues such as rice bran and sugar cane bagasse. The maximum levan production by C. cellulans MP1 was 14.8 ± 1.2 g/l after 20 h of cultivation in media containing 200 g/l sucrose. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first genome-based analysis of a Cellulosimicrobium species which focuses on lignocellulosic enzymes and levan biosynthesis, illustrating that the C. cellulans MP1 has a great potential to be an efficient platform for basic research and industrial exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi-Hanh Vu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tung Ngoc Quach
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Xuan Thi-Thanh Dao
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Vinh University, Vinh, Vietnam
| | - Ha Thanh Le
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Chi Phuong Le
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lam Tung Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lam Tung Le
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Ha Hoang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Hoang Chu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quyet-Tien Phi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Cheng KC, Lam WC, Chan HC, Ngo CC, Cheung MH, So HS, Lam KM. Emergency attendances and hospitalisations for complications after transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies: a five-year retrospective multicentre study. Hong Kong Med J 2019; 25:349-355. [PMID: 31601774 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj197825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) prostate biopsy is an established procedure for diagnosis of prostate cancer. Complications after TRUS biopsy are not well reported in Hong Kong. This study evaluated the 5-year incidences of TRUS biopsy complications and potential risk factors for those complications. METHODS This was a retrospective review of biopsies performed from 2013 to 2017 in two local hospitals, using data retrieved from electronic medical records. The primary outcome was the occurrence of complications requiring either emergency attendances or hospitalisations within 30 days after biopsy. Potential risk factors were examined using multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS In total, 1699 men were included (mean age ± standard deviation: 67 ± 7 years; median prostate-specific antigen level: 7.9 μg/L [interquartile range, 5.5-12.6 μg/L]); 4.3% had pre-biopsy bacteriuria. Overall, 5.7% and 3.8% of post-biopsy complications required emergency attendances and hospitalisations, respectively. Gross haematuria and rectal bleeding requiring emergency attendances developed in 2.1% and 0.4% of men; 0.8% and 0.4% required hospitalisations. Furthermore, 1.5% of men developed acute urinary retention requiring hospitalisations; 1.9% and 1.2% had post-biopsy infections requiring emergency attendances and hospitalisations, respectively, and 0.9% had urosepsis requiring hospitalisations. Prostate volume >48 cc was associated with an increased risk of post-biopsy retention (odds ratio 2.75, 95% confidence interval: 1.23-4.17). CONCLUSIONS The rate of overall complications after TRUS biopsy was low. The most common complications requiring emergency attendances and hospitalisations were gross haematuria and acute urinary retention, respectively. Prostate volume >48 cc increased the risk of post-biopsy urinary retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Cheng
- Department of Surgery, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - W C Lam
- Department of Surgery, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - H C Chan
- Department of Surgery, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - C C Ngo
- Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - M H Cheung
- Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - H S So
- Department of Surgery, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - K M Lam
- Private Practice, Chiron Medical, Central, Hong Kong
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