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Laverre M, Kerhervé P, Constant M, Weiss L, Charrière B, Stetzler M, González-Fernández D, Ludwig W. Heavy rains control the floating macroplastic inputs into the sea from coastal Mediterranean rivers: A case study on the Têt River (NW Mediterranean Sea). Sci Total Environ 2023; 877:162733. [PMID: 36924956 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the relevance of small watersheds in the macroplastic pollution of coastal environments. It aims to identify and quantify in terms of composition, number and mass, current riverine flows of floating macroplastics (>2.5 cm). Estimates are based on 66 visual monitoring of total litter over a 4-year-period (2016-2019) in a small coastal Mediterranean river, the Têt River (NW Mediterranean Sea). The plastic fraction represented 97 % of the observed litter, mainly cigarette butts (20.5 %), polystyrene fragments (18.8 %) and light packaging (16.3 %). The Tet River is characterized by frequent flash-flood events caused by heavy rain, that can induce a sudden rise of the water discharge. Such hydroclimatic forcing greatly influence macroplastic flows, both in terms of their average compositions and loads. We have estimated that 354,000 macroplastic items, corresponding to 0.65 tons, are discharged annually from the Tet River into the sea, and that 73 % of them are released during rain events (∼6 % of the year). The short observation distance from the water surface allowed to exhibit the great abundance of small litter (80 % of them were < 10 cm) and to evaluate to 1.8 g the average mass of floating plastics. Our results suggest that remediation actions must be taken on rainy days and target small litter in order to significantly limit macroplastic inputs from rivers to the sea. Moreover, the large share of cigarette butts in macrolitter inputs demonstrates that reducing ocean pollution cannot be achieved solely by improving waste management, but that changes in social behavior are also needed to stem waste production at the source.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Laverre
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, F-66860 Perpignan cedex, France; CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - P Kerhervé
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, F-66860 Perpignan cedex, France; CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France.
| | - M Constant
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, F-66860 Perpignan cedex, France; CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - L Weiss
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, F-66860 Perpignan cedex, France; CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - B Charrière
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, F-66860 Perpignan cedex, France; CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - M Stetzler
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, F-66860 Perpignan cedex, France; CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - D González-Fernández
- Department of Biology, University Marine Research Institute INMAR, University of Cádiz and European University of the Seas, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - W Ludwig
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, F-66860 Perpignan cedex, France; CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France
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González-Fernández D, Hanke G, Pogojeva M, Machitadze N, Kotelnikova Y, Tretiak I, Savenko O, Bilashvili K, Gelashvili N, Fedorov A, Kulagin D, Terentiev A, Slobodnik J. Floating marine macro litter in the Black Sea: Toward baselines for large scale assessment. Environ Pollut 2022; 309:119816. [PMID: 35872285 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Black Sea is a semi-enclosed basin subject to major anthropogenic pressures, including marine litter and plastic pollution. Due to numerous large rivers draining into the basin and a population settled along the coast, the region could accumulate significant amounts of floating litter over time. Until now, only limited field data were available, and litter quantities and distribution remained unknown. In this study, floating marine macro litter (FMML) was assessed at the regional Black Sea scale for the first time, showing relatively high litter densities across the basin that reached a weighted mean of 81.5 items/km2. Monitoring data revealed an accumulation of floating items offshore in the eastern part of the basin, resembling on a small scale a 'garbage patch', where litter items were trapped, showing elevated densities in comparison to their surrounding areas. Most of these items were made of plastic materials (ca. 96%) and included large numbers of plastic and polystyrene fragments of small size ranges (2.5-10 cm). Harmonised field data collection through consistent and regular monitoring programmes across the region is essential to establish baselines and thresholds for large scale assessment at international level.
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Affiliation(s)
- D González-Fernández
- Department of Biology, University Marine Research Institute INMAR, University of Cádiz and European University of the Seas, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - G Hanke
- EC Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | - M Pogojeva
- N. N. Zubov's State Oceanographic Institute, Roshydromet, Moscow, Russia; Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - N Machitadze
- Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Y Kotelnikova
- Ukrainian Center of Ecology of the Sea, Odessa, Ukraine
| | - I Tretiak
- Ukrainian Center of Ecology of the Sea, Odessa, Ukraine
| | - O Savenko
- Ukrainian Center of Ecology of the Sea, Odessa, Ukraine; National Antarctic Scientific Center of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - K Bilashvili
- Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - N Gelashvili
- Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - A Fedorov
- Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Kulagin
- Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Terentiev
- N. N. Zubov's State Oceanographic Institute, Roshydromet, Moscow, Russia
| | - J Slobodnik
- Environmental Institute, Kos, Slovak Republic
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Macias D, Cózar A, Garcia-Gorriz E, González-Fernández D, Stips A. Surface water circulation develops seasonally changing patterns of floating litter accumulation in the Mediterranean Sea. A modelling approach. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 149:110619. [PMCID: PMC6891234 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Marine litter and, particularly, plastics are a growing concern at global scale. The Mediterranean Sea is among the zones in the world with the highest concentration of floating plastic debris. However, our knowledge remains limited on the spatial distribution of litter across this basin. Here, a set of different numerical model simulations were conducted to examine the dynamic conditions of the surface layer of the Mediterranean and how this drives the circulation and accumulation of floating litter. Seasonal dynamics of surface water circulation led to contrasting distribution patterns of floating litter along the year. Multiple hot spots of litter zones appeared across the basin in summer, while litter disperses and moves towards the Eastern Mediterranean and nearshore waters in winter. Taking into account such seasonal variability in the spatial patterns of litter in the Mediterranean seems to be key in the design of further sampling surveys and management strategies. Surface current dynamics shows marked seasonality in the Mediterranean. Accumulation and distribution of floating particles follow currents patterns. Floating litter accumulates in diverse areas during different seasons. Lagrangian model helps to identify beaches impacted by floating litter.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Macias
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Varese, Italy
- Corresponding author.
| | - A. Cózar
- Departamento de Biología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Marinas (INMAR), Universidad de Cádiz, E-11510, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - E. Garcia-Gorriz
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Varese, Italy
| | - D. González-Fernández
- Departamento de Biología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Marinas (INMAR), Universidad de Cádiz, E-11510, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - A. Stips
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Varese, Italy
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Velasco M, González-Fernández D, Rodriguez-Martín M, Sánchez-Regaña M, Pérez-Barrio S. Patient and Physician Satisfaction with Calcipotriol and Betamethasone Dipropionate Aerosol Foam in the Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis on the Body. Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) 2019; 110:752-758. [PMID: 31256797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Calcipotriol and betamethasone dipropionate (Cal/BD) aerosol foam is more effective in the treatment of plaque psoriasis than earlier formulations incorporating this combination of active ingredients. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient and physician satisfaction with Cal/BD aerosol foam in the treatment of plaque psoriasis on the body. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective observational study of 446 patients with plaque psoriasis affecting no more than 30% of the body surface area who had received treatment with Cal/BD aerosol foam for 4 weeks. The patients rated their satisfaction with the treatment using the TSQM-9 (Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication) and the physicians on a 5-point Likert scale. RESULTS Patients were highly satisfied with Cal/BD aerosol in terms of its ability to treat their condition (84%), relieve their symptoms (84.4%), and act rapidly (82.8%). With respect to convenience, the patients gave high ratings to ease of use (91.8%), ease of planning (93.9%), and ease of following instructions (89.9%). Global satisfaction was also high, with 85% of patients expressing that they were satisfied, very satisfied, or extremely satisfied with the treatment. Of the physicians, 85.7% stated that they were quite or very satisfied with the treatment. CONCLUSION Both patients and physicians expressed high satisfaction with the use of Cal/BD aerosol foam for the treatment of plaque psoriasis on the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Velasco
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, España.
| | - D González-Fernández
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Cabueñes, Gijón, Asturias, España
| | - M Rodriguez-Martín
- Servicio de Dermatología, Dermaten Clínicas, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
| | - M Sánchez-Regaña
- Servicio de Dermatología, Clínica Dermacot, Mataró, Barcelona, España
| | - S Pérez-Barrio
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Basurto, Bilbao, España
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Batalla A, Coto E, Gómez J, Eirís N, González-Fernández D, Gómez-De Castro C, Daudén E, Llamas-Velasco M, Prieto-Perez R, Abad-Santos F, Carretero G, García FS, Godoy YB, Cardo LF, Alonso B, Iglesias S, Coto-Segura P. IL17RA gene variants and anti-TNF response among psoriasis patients. Pharmacogenomics J 2016; 18:76-80. [PMID: 27670766 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2016.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms at genes encoding proteins involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis (Psor) or in the mechanism of action of biological drugs could influence the treatment response. Because the interleukin (IL)-17 family has a central role in the pathogenesis of Psor, we hypothesized that IL17RA variants could influence the response to anti-TNF drugs among Psor patients. To address this issue we performed a cross-sectional study of Psor patients who received the biological treatments for the first time, with a follow-up of at least 6 months. All of the patients were Caucasian, older than 18 years old, with chronic plaque Psor, and had completed at least 24 weeks of anti-TNF therapy (adalimumab, etanercept or infliximab). The treatment response to anti-TNF agents was evaluated according to the achievement of PASI50 and PASI75 at weeks 12 and 24. Those who achieved PASI75 at week 24 were considered good responders. All patients were genotyped for the selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at IL17RA gene. A total of 238 patients were included (57% male, mean age 46 years). One hundred and five patients received adalimumab, 91 patients etanercept and 42 infliximab. The rs4819554 promoter SNP allele A was significantly more common among responders at weeks 12 (P=0.01) and 24 (P=0.04). We found a higher frequency of AA versus AG+GG among responders, but the difference was only significant at week 12 (P=0.03, odd ratio=1.86, 95% confidence of interval=1.05-3.27). Thus, in the study population, the SNP rs4819554 in the promoter region of IL17RA significantly influences the response to anti-TNF drugs at week 12.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Batalla
- Department of Dermatology II; Hospital Universitario Central Asturias; Oviedo, Spain
| | - E Coto
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - J Gómez
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - N Eirís
- Department of Dermatology II; Hospital Universitario Central Asturias; Oviedo, Spain
| | - D González-Fernández
- Department of Dermatology II; Hospital Universitario Central Asturias; Oviedo, Spain
| | - C Gómez-De Castro
- Department of Dermatology II; Hospital Universitario Central Asturias; Oviedo, Spain
| | - E Daudén
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Llamas-Velasco
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - R Prieto-Perez
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, University Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - F Abad-Santos
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, University Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - G Carretero
- Department of Dermatology, HU Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - F S García
- Department of Immunology, HU Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Y B Godoy
- Unidad Investigación HU Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - L F Cardo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - B Alonso
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - S Iglesias
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - P Coto-Segura
- Department of Dermatology II; Hospital Universitario Central Asturias; Oviedo, Spain
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Lallas A, Giacomel J, Argenziano G, García-García B, González-Fernández D, Zalaudek I, Vázquez-López F. Dermoscopy in general dermatology: practical tips for the clinician. Br J Dermatol 2014; 170:514-26. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Lallas
- Skin Cancer Unit; Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova IRCCS; Reggio Emilia Italy
| | - J. Giacomel
- Skin Spectrum Medical Services; Como WA Australia
| | - G. Argenziano
- Skin Cancer Unit; Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova IRCCS; Reggio Emilia Italy
| | - B. García-García
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias; Oviedo Spain
| | | | - I. Zalaudek
- Skin Cancer Unit; Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova IRCCS; Reggio Emilia Italy
- Department of Dermatology; Medical University of Graz; Graz Austria
| | - F. Vázquez-López
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias; Oviedo Spain
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González-Fernández D, Garrido-Pérez MC, Nebot-Sanz E, Sales-Márquez D. Fecal pollution in coastal marine sediments from a semi-enclosed deep embayment subjected to anthropogenic activities: an issue to be considered in environmental quality management frameworks development. Ecohealth 2010; 7:473-484. [PMID: 21225312 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-010-0671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Sewage discharge is a major source of pollution in marine environments. Urban wastewaters can directly enter marine environments carrying pathogen organisms, organic loads, and nutrients. Because marine sediments can act as the ultimate fate of a wide range of pollutants, environmental quality assessment in this compartment can help to identify pollution problems in coastal areas. In the present study, characterization of surficial marine sediments allowed assessment of fecal pollution in a semi-enclosed deep embayment that is subjected to anthropogenic activities. Physicochemical parameters and fecal indicators presented a great spatial heterogeneity. Fecal coliform and Clostridium perfringens showed accumulation in an extensive area, not only in proximity to sewage discharge points, but also in sediments at 100 meters depth. Results included herein demonstrated that, in coastal areas, urban wastewater discharge can affect the whole ecosystem through accumulation of fecal matter in bottom sediments. Application of multivariate techniques provided useful information with applicability for management of coastal areas in such complex systems. Environmental implications of wastewater discharge in coastal areas indicate the need to implement and include sediment quality control strategies in legislative frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- D González-Fernández
- Department of Environmental Technologies, Centro Andaluz de Ciencia y Tecnología Marinas (CACYTMAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, C.P.11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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